题型：任务型阅读 题类：常考题 难易度：普通
上海市上海外国语大学附中（浦东）2020届高三上学期英语开学考试试卷
The problem of robocalls has become so severe that many people now refuse to pick up calls from numbers they don't know. By next year, half of the calls we receive will be scams (欺诈). We are finally waking up to the severity of the problem by supporting and developing a group of tools, apps and approaches intended to prevent scammers from getting through. Unfortunately, it's too little, too late. By the time these "solutions" become widely available, scammers will have moved onto cleverer means. Soon you will also question whether the voice you're hearing is actually real.
That's because there are a number of powerful voice manipulation and automation technologies that are about to become widely available for anyone to use. At this year's I/O Conference, a company showed a new voice technology able to produce such a convincing human-sounding voice that it was able to speak to receptionist and book a reservation without detection.
The reason that robocalls are a headache has less to do with amount than precision. A decade of data breaches (数据侵入) of personal information has led to a situation where scammers can easily learn your mother's name, and far more. Armed with this knowledge, they're able to carry out individually targeted campaigns to cheat people. This means, for example, that a scammer could call you from what looks to be a familiar number and talk to you using a voice that sounds exactly like your bank teller's, tricking you into "confirming" your address, mother's name, and cark number. Scammers follow money, so companies will be the worst hit. A lot of business is still done over the phone, and much of it is based on trust and existing relationships..
We need to deal with the insecure nature of our telecom networks. That might mean either developing a uniform way to mark videos and images, showing when and who they were made by, or abandoning phone calls altogether and moving towards data-based communications — using apps like FaceTime or WhatsApp, which can be tied to your identity.
Credibility is hard to earn but easy to lose, and the problem is only going to get harder from here on out.
A. Voice manipulation technologies may weaken that gradually.
B. There are many challenges in robotics that need to be addressed in order to solve the voice manipulation and assembly problems.
C. In the near future, it's not just going to be the number you see on your screen that will be in doubt.
D. It's high time that the government should spare no effort to tackle the problem immediately.
E. Phone carriers and consumers need to work together to find ways of determining and communicating what is real.
F. Those developments are likely to make our current problems with robocalls much worse.
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