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题型:阅读选择 题类:常考题 难易度:普通

江苏省南京市南京师大附属实验中学栖霞分校2019-2020学年八年级上学期英语开学考试试卷

阅读理解

    Takashi is 99 years old. He lives in Okinawa (冲绳县) in Japan. In Okinawa people tend to live a very long time. They are seldom ill. Many people are over 100 years old—longer than most people in other parts of the country and the world. What is their secret (秘密)?

    The Okinawans eat vegetables, fruit, fish and rice. They usually have seven different kinds of fruit and vegetables every day. People don't usually drink much alcohol (酒) or smoke. They don't eat much meat or fast food.

    Sports are very important for the people of Okinawa. Walking, traditional dancing, and gardening are very popular with people of all ages. More important, the people in Okinawa are seldom worried or angry and they never make themselves too busy. They are relaxed and take their time. Buses often come late, and people often arrive an hour late for meetings. Every evening hundreds of people, young and old, go to the beach to watch the beautiful sunset (日落). They talk, smile or laugh to each other.

    Another important thing is that people often work until they are 80, sometimes even until 90! In the Okinawan words there is no word for "out of work". Old people don't stay at home— they go out and meet friends.

    When journalists ask local people what their secret of long life span is, they always answer, "We are happy, we are always relaxed, and we are never in a hurry."

(1)、What can we know from the first paragraph?
A、Takashi came to Okinawa from Tokyo many years ago. B、More people of over 100 years old live in Tokyo than in Okinawa. C、People in Okinawa seldom go to hospital when they are ill. D、Takashi is a Japanese old man.
(2)、What do the Okinawans usually have for meals?
A、Meat and alcohol. B、Meat and fast food. C、Fish, rice, fruit and vegetables. D、Different kinds of seafood.
(3)、What does the underlined word "relaxed" mean in Chinese?
A、放松自在的 B、紧张忙碌的 C、激动人心的 D、丰富多彩的
(4)、What do the old in Okinawa often do in the day?
A、They stay at home and watch TV. B、They help to look after their grandsons and granddaughters. C、They have a drink with their friends and talk happily. D、They visit friends and chat with each other.
(5)、What is the secret of the Okinawans' long life span?
A、They have healthy diets and often do sports. B、They sleep and get up early every day. C、They are seldom worried or unhappy. D、They enjoy talking and watching the sunset.
举一反三
 阅读下面语言材料,从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。

Have you heard of depression(抑郁症)? It's a mental illness. People who have it may feel轮sad all the time or do something to hurt themselves. Now, doctors can put a"happy switch(开关)" in their heads to help them. The "happy switch" is a kind of Brain-Computer Interface (BCI, 脑机接口). It works like a bridge— it connects your brain to a computer. Some BCIs can influence people's brain activities. Some can let people control the computer with their thoughts.

Doctors at Shanghai Ruijin Hospital helped a patient called Wu Xiaotian. Wu, 31, has had depression since he was 15years old.

The doctors did a surgery on Wu. They put two long lines of electrodes(电极) inside his brain. The 16 electrodes are used to let out electricity on different parts of the brain, which can change the patient's feelings. The electrodes are connected to a small "box"—the power source(电源)—inside Wu's body.

Wu can control the"happy switch"remotely via an app on his phone. When feeling down,Wu turns on the switch and the electrodes start working. He is soon cheered up. "It feels like there is power rising from the inside of my body," Wu said.

"The hospital has tested the switch on 26 patients since 2020. Up to now , it has helped cut down a patient's sad feelings by 60 percent," said the hospital.

But is the switch safe enough? Although patients like Wu feel great using it, the implant surgery is actually a dangerous one. Also, doctors have to make sure that patients don't rely on it. Healthy people shouldn't use it, or it may be like a kind of addiction(瘾) for them.

 阅读理解

Babies don't learn to talk just from hearing sounds. They are lip (嘴唇) readers too. It happens during the period when a baby's babbling (咿呀声) slowly changes from unclear voices into that first "mama" or "dada". The babies have to find out how to shape their lips to make the sounds they are hearing, according to developmental psychologist David Lewkowicz of Florida Atlantic University, who led the study.

Clearly it doesn't take them too long to understand the movements that match basic sounds. By their first birthdays, babies start changing back to look you in the eye again. It offers more clues that quality face-time with babies is very important for speech development more than, say, turning on the latest baby DVD. 

But Lewkowicz went a step further. He and his student Amy Hansen Tift tested nearly 180 babies, groups of them at ages 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12 months. How? They showed videos of a woman speaking in English or French to babies of English speakers. They found that when the speaker used English, the 4-month-old babies gazed (凝视) mostly into her eyes. The 6-month-old babies spent equal amounts (数量) of time looking at the eyes and the mouth. The 8-month-old babies and 10-month-old babies studied mostly the mouth. At 12 months, attention started changing back toward the speaker's eyes.

But what happened when these babies are used to English heard French? The 12-month-old babies studied the mouth longer, just like younger babies. They needed the extra information to understand the new sounds. That fits with research into bilingualism (双语) that shows babies' brains adjust (调整) themselves to tell the differences between the sounds of their first language over other languages in the first year of life.

The continued lip reading shows the l-year-old babies clearly still are fit for learning. Babies are so hard to study, says Duke University cognitive scientist Greg Appelbaum, who found the research so fantastic that he wants to know more.

请阅读下面这篇文章,根据所提供的信息,回答5个问题。要求所写答案语法正确、语义完整。

Project- based learning (项目化学习) is learning while doing. It gives learners the chance to get a deeper understanding of a topic. During the learning, learners solve problems by using real- world examples and challenges. Project- based learning is becoming widely used in schools. Students work on a project over a period of time— from a week to a term. At the end of the project, they show their knowledge and skills by creating a product for people. Let's take the example of Sandra.

Sandra is an eleven- year- old student in Sunshine Primary School. She wanted to know more about Greek mythology (希腊神话). Well, how did she make it?

Step 1

Choose a topic

She chose Greek mythology characters as the topic because she was interested in the characters and their stories.

Step2

Do the escarch

She had to learn about that topic and do some research on it. To collect information, she read books and articles about the history of Greek mythology. She also read some novels like Harry Potter and Percy Jackson. She watched videos and played games all connected with Greek mythology. When she collected her information, she was ready to create a project.

Step3

Create a project

She created a project based on(以······基础) her talents and skills. She loves to build with Legos, so she decided to build lego creations based on the stories of Greek mythology characters. She's also really good at art, so she created a book about her favorite characters. In her book, she drew pictures of them and wrote the stories in her own words.

Step 4

Do the presentation

After all of that work, she made a living room presentation for Mom and Dad and shared the two products that she had created. Then she shared her project online with friends, and even shared her project on social media.

From the example of Sandra, we can see that project- based learning allows a student to learn about a topic and then create a project based on his or her talents and skills. Not everyone is a great test taker, but everyone is good at something. Through project work, students can not only learn deeply about a topic, but also have fun learning. So if you' re interested in something, why not start with project- based learning?

 阅读下面材料, 从所给 A-E的选项中选出合适的内容(选项中有一项是多余选项)填入1-4题, 并回答第 5 题。

Friends are very important in people's lives. Just as a saving goes, {#blank#}1{#/blank#} I think it's very easy to make friends with other people and build a friendship between each other. However, it is not easy to get true friendship, I think. So what is true friendship (友谊)? In my opinion, true friendship includes:

First of all, true friendship must treat their friends loyally and help each other. In other words, you must not take advantage of your friends,{#blank#}2{#/blank#} For example, some unfriendly people make friends in order to cheat money and feelings, or get a certain secret. I don't think these are true friendships.

Second,{#blank#}3{#/blank#} For example, if a friend is really in need of money to escape (逃避) from some troubles, true friends might lend it and help him or her.

Third,{#blank#}4{#/blank#} One of the greatest men once said, " If you tell your happiness to your friend, you will get double happiness I f you tell your sadness to your friend, you will get half."

A. friends must share their happiness and sadness.

B. but you can borrow a lot of things from them.

C. and you mustn't cheat them.

D. true friends must try their best to help each other.

E. no one can live alone in the world without friends.

How do you keep a true friendship with your friends?(不超过15个词) {#blank#}5{#/blank#}

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