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题型:阅读选择 题类:模拟题 难易度:困难

江苏省南京市玄武区2020年中考英语二模试卷

阅读理解

    Would it surprise you to learn that, like animals, trees can communicate with each other and pass on their wealth to the next generation-their young trees?

    Suzanne Simard, forest ecologist (生态学家) at the University of British Columbia, explains how trees are much more complex (复杂的) than most of us ever imagined. Although Charles Darwin thought that trees are competing for survival of the fittest, Simard and her team have made a new discovery and showed just how wrong he was. In fact, the opposite is true: trees survive through their group work and support, passing around necessary nutrition (营养) such as nitrogen and carbon "depending on who needs it".

    Nitrogen and carbon are shared through miles of underground fungi (真菌) networks. This makes sure that all trees in the forest ecological system give and receive just the right amount to keep them all healthy. This system works in a very similar way to the networks of neurons (神经元) in our brains, and when one tree is destroyed, it influences all.

    Simard talks about "Mother trees". These are usually the largest, oldest plants on which all other trees depend. These "Mother trees" are connected to all the other trees in the forest by this network of fungi, and may manage the resources of the whole trees and plants in the forest. She explains how these trees pass on the wealth to the next generation, transporting important resources to young trees so they may continue to grow. When humans cut down "Mother trees" without paying attention to these highly complex "tree societies" of the networks on which they feed, we are reducing the chances to save the whole forest.

    "We didn't take any notice of it," Simard says sadly. "Mother trees" move nutrition into the young trees before dying, but we never give them chance. If we could put across the message to the forestry, we could make a huge difference towards our environmental protection efforts for the future.

(1)、The underlined part "the opposite is true" in Paragraph 2 probably means that trees         .
A、compete for survival B、protect their own wealth C、depend on each other D、provide support for dying trees
(2)、"Mother trees" are very important because they         .
A、bring more wealth to humans B、pass on nutrition to young trees C、look the largest in size in the forest D、know more about the "tree societies"
(3)、The underlined word "it" in the last paragraph refers to (指代)         .
A、how "tree societies" work B、how trees grow old C、how forestry industry develops D、how young trees survive
(4)、We can learn from the passage that         .
A、trees aren't as complex as we think B、Charles Darwin had the same opinion as Simard C、if "Mother trees" are cut down, they won't make any difference to young trees D、trees can share resources with other ones by the underground fungi networks
举一反三
阅读理解

Now, the VOA Learning English program begins. Today, we are going to talk about one way to solve a problem.

There are many different ways to solve a problem. One way is to be creative. People often think creative thinking is just for artists and designers, but that is not true. Dr. Edward de Bono, an expert in creative thinking and problem solving, has shown the world that using creativity to solve problems is very useful in business and in our communities, and will continue to be so in the future.

One example of creative thinking is the solution (解决办法) to a parking problem in a town center. In the areas close to stores, people can only park for 20minutes. There are parking meters where people pay to park in these areas. However, the problem is that many people leave their cars there for longer than 20 minutes. Dr. Edward de Bono's solution is to make a rule that all cars parked in these areas must keep their headlights on. Of course, drivers will want to return to their cars before their car batteries(蓄电池) die.

According to Dr. Edward de Bono, people will need to use creative thinking more often in the future. To help people think more creatively, he designed the"Six Thinking Hats"system. The system helps people think about a problem in different ways in order to find a solution. In the system, there are six imaginary hats of different colors. Each hat represents (代 表) a different way of thinking. For example, the white hat helps people consider the facts. The black hat is the most logical(有逻辑的) and helps people consider why a possible solution may not work. So, next time you have a problem in your community, you can think about it creatively from different perspectives, and see what best ideas you can get. And that's all for today's program.

I'm Bryan Lynn. Thanks for your listening.

 阅读理解

Last year, some locals in Shenzhen suggested cancelling the city's ban(禁令)on fireworks. However, the local government said the city was not ready to allow fireworks.

The government said it was mostly because of the growing power of modern fireworks. Nowadays, in order to improve light effects, firework makers would put more gunpowder in their products. Sometimes, some of these fireworks may go off like small bombs(炸弹), causing damage and hurting people.

During the last forty years, Shenzhen has developed into a huge city, and most of its population lives in urban(城市的)areas. Now, nearly 20 million people live in an area of just 2,000 square kilometers. In addition, there are at least 1,500 urban villages and 1,000 high-rise buildings.

Other major cities, like Beijing and Shanghai, allow people to set off fireworks at special areas during the Spring Festival this year. Shenzhen, however, has difficulty doing that because there is hardly enough public space, especially in urban villages. There, you will see plenty of "handshake" buildings. These buildings are usually several inches—the distance of a few handshakes—away from each other. If people set off fireworks through their windows, it may cause fire. Therefore, the locals and the government are working together to keep them clean and well-organized. As a result, people can enjoy a happy and safe new year.

Shenzhen made a rule in 2013 to ban fireworks. Once the rule was made, it caught a lot of attention from the public. After much explanation, people started to take it. No major fire has been caused by fireworks since then.

 请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空, 使文章完整连贯。注意每空一词, 每词仅用一次, 有两词为多余项。

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Kites were invented in the early Warring States Period (475-221 B. C.) by Mozi and Lu Ban. It is said that the inventors got {#blank#}1{#/blank#} idea from a bird's natural flight(飞行).

 The first kites were {#blank#}2{#/blank#} of light wood and cloth. They were used for recording distances(距离). Such information was {#blank#}3{#/blank#} for moving large armies across different areas. The kites were also used {#blank#}4{#/blank#} a way of communication at sea.

 In 1282, Marco Polo saw a flying kite for the {#blank#}5{#/blank#} time in the city of Weifang. According to {#blank#}6{#/blank#} travel diary, there was a tradition at that time for testing the wind with a kite. Then people could know {#blank#}7{#/blank#} the weather was good enough for a long journey at sea. Marco Polo brought with him a Chinese kite {#blank#}8{#/blank#} he returned to Italy. Thanks to the Silk Road, the Chinese kite {#blank#}9{#/blank#} known in Europe. And from Europe, it would of course travel to the New World, the Americas.

 Today, different {#blank#}10{#/blank#} of kites can be seen flying above parks in China. Some of them look like real animals. Some are similar to some cartoon characters. Some even have LED lights for night flights and fun light shows.

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