Long，long ago，people in Rome(罗马)talked to one another in Latin(拉丁文)．Pupils in school learned to read and(A)        in Latin．Books are in Latin．

    Some Romans went to other parts of the world．They took their language with them．Soon(B)拉丁文在许多国家被使用 ． It became a world language．

People in other countries did not talk in Latin the same wav．In each land，they(C)        the language a little．As time went by，they made more changes.(D)．At last they did not talk in Latin any more ． New languages had come from the old one．

(E)People do not talk to each other in Latin today ． But they still use many Latin words．You do，too．Street，wall，city，and salt are some of the Latin words we use．There're many pupils in school．Pupil is a Latin word．It means(F)“little doll”．

    There are some differences between British English and American English. In grammar, for example, speakers of British English say "in hospital" and "Have you a pen?". Americans say "in the hospital" and "Do you have a pen?". Pronunciation is sometimes different. For example, when a learner speaks British pronunciation[da:ns] (dance), he may not understand the American pronunciation[dæns]. There are differences between British English and American English in spelling. For example, "travelled" and "honour" are British spelling, "traveled" and "honor" are American spelling. However, in most situations(情况), British English and American English are not different languages.

    Do you often use a cellphone? Do you take the subway to school every day? These items make our modern life easier. But do you know how we should behave properly while using them? The following suggestions might be helpful. For cellphone users

    Keep your voice down when you make a phone call in public. Shouting on the phone may make others feel uncomfortable. And you'd better not use it during an appointment（约会）.

    Stop sending messages or playing games with your cellphone at a dinner or a party. It's a good time to communicate（交流）with your family and friends.

    Don't make or answer a call while driving. It is not only very dangerous for both you and your passengers but also against the law. For subway passengers

    You are supposed to wait in line while buying tickets and getting on the subway.

    You're not allowed to eat, drink or smoke on the subway train. The smell and noise may trouble others. It's our duty to keep the train clean and tidy. Besides, smoking is bad for health.

    You can't take pets on the train. As we all know, animals may spread diseases（传播疾病）and get the train dirty.

    You'd better not lie across the subway seats even if the train isn't crowded. Offering your seat to someone who needs it is regarded as good manners.

Titles：Some etiquette in modern life

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    Just before the Midnight on Aug. 12th, 2015, a big explosion（大爆炸）hit the port City of Tianjin, China. Lots of people were injured by the explosion. Some of them suffered from chemical burns（灼伤）.

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    Put on gloves or protection suit（防护衣）. If possible. Avoid exposing yourself to chemical.

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    Keep the burn area in cold water for at least 20 minutes.

    Don't use a strong stream（水流） of water, if possible.

    Don't try to deal the burn area with other ways before you see a doctor.

    Don't put antibiotic ointment（抗生素药膏） on the burn. This could cause a chemical Reaction（化学反应） that worsens the burn.

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    You can cover a small burn with dry, sterile gauze

（消毒纱布）or clean cloth to protect it from being infected（感染）.

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    Though we can deal with this emergency by ourselves. We are not the doctors. So we must see the doctors for help us with the burn. The sooner you see the doctor, the safer you will be.

    Halloween is a strange holiday. It started several centuries ago in Europe. It began as "Hallow Evening" which means "holy night". At that time November 1st was called "All Saints' Day" (万圣日) and people honored all the saints who did not have their own special day. People believed that all the spirits of dead people were active on the night of October 31st. So people would play all sorts of tricks on each other.

    Black is one of the traditional Halloween colors, probably because Halloween festivals and traditions took place at night. Pumpkins area symbol of Halloween, so orange has become the other traditional Halloween color. Making lanterns out of pumpkins is a Halloween custom.

    Halloween is great fun for children. They dress up as ghosts(鬼) or witches(女巫). Small children go "Trick-or-Treat". They wear costumes, knock on doors, and shout, "Trick or Treat!" People almost always choose to give them candy as a treat, instead of choosing to receive a trick from the children. Adults sometimes "trick or treat" their friends, too. Usually the "treat" is a glass of wine or some small gifts.

    Tokyo may be one of those places that you love and hate at the same time. In Tokyo, there are always too many people in the places where you want to go. There are also too many cars. Tokyo drivers often spend a long time in the busy street, just like drivers in London, Paris and New York.

    Tokyo also has a lot of people on foot, and sometimes it is really difficult to walk in the street. The worst time in the street is at 11：30 at night. That is because the nightclubs are closing at that time and everybody wants to go home then. There are more than 30,000 nightclubs in Tokyo, and usually none of them is empty at night.

    During the day, most people go to work by train. Six million train tickets are sold, every year in Tokyo. At most stations, trains arrive every two or three minutes, but at certain hours they are not enough at all. Although trains are always crowded, they are very good in many ways. They always leave and arrive on time. In London trains, you may see everybody reading a newspaper. But in Tokyo trains, everybody seems to be sleepy, no matter whether his journey is long or short. If you stand outside the station for five minutes, there will be three fire engineer going past you. They are on the way to one of the fires that Tokyo has every day. Tokyo has so many surprises that none of them can really surprise me now.