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题型:阅读理解 题类:模拟题 难易度:普通

江苏省南京市泰州市2020届高三英语第四次联合模拟考试试卷(含听力音频)

阅读理解

    Choosing a name for a child is often a headache for parents, but new research shows that picking well could be more crucial than previously thought.

    Academics have found that your first name actually changes the way you look. For example, someone called 'Bob' is expected by society to have a rounder and happier face than a man called 'Tim'. That expectation eventually leads 'Bobs' to become more social, while 'Tims' may appear thinner and reserved. The connection may be linked to the “bouba-kiki” effect which suggests that across languages, rounder and smoother objects are labelled with rounded 'bouba' sounds, while thinner pointed objects have 'kik' sounds. Likewise 'Winstons' are believed to be feeling blue, while 'Marys' are considered to be moral, both traits which may change appearance, and over time, change face shape. And a woman named 'Katherine' is considered to be more serious and dependable than a girl named 'Bonnie'. Such cultural expectations may encourage 'Katherines' to be more studious and academic, which could gradually influence the development of facial muscles, perhaps through increased concentration.

    “Prior researches have shown there are cultural stereotypes attached to names, including how someone should look,” said lead author Dr Yonat Zwebner, of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. “For instance, people are more likely to imagine a person named Bob to have a rounder face than a person named Tim. We believe these stereotypes can, over time, affect people's facial appearance.”

    To find out if face shape was linked to name, researchers conducted eight studies to see whether it was possible for strangers to correctly identify the names of people simply by looking at their faces. In every experiment, the participants were significantly better (up to 40 percent accurate) at matching the name to the face than random chance (20-25 percent accurate) even when nationality, age and other socioeconomic variables were controlled for. “Together, these findings suggest that facial appearance represents social expectations of how a person with a particular name should look. In this way, a social tag may influence one's facial appearance,” said co-author Dr Ruth Mayo.

(1)、What does the second paragraph mainly talk about?
A、How your name sounds simply counts. B、Your name may tell how you look. C、Social expectations determine your name. D、It's important to concentrate on facial muscles.
(2)、What can we learn from the eight studies?
A、Most of the participants match the name with the face correctly. B、The findings are contradictory to those of the previous research. C、They are based on the data from the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. D、The findings are similar to those of the previous research.
(3)、According to Dr Ruth Mayo, one's facial appearance is basically affected by ___________.
A、social expectations B、the experience of their life C、their parents' preference D、the meaning of their names
举一反三
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。

    As Internet users become more dependent on the Internet to store information, are people remembering less? If you know your computer will save information, why store it in your own personal memory, your brain? Experts are wondering if the Internet is changing what we remember and how.

    In a recent study, Professor Betsy Sparrow conducted some experiments. She and her research team wanted to know the Internet is changing memory. In the first experiment, they gave people 40 unimportant facts to type into a computer. The first group of people understood that the computer would save the information. The second group understood that the computer would not save it. Later, the second group remembered the information better. People in the first group knew they could find the information again, so they did not try to remember it.

In another experiment, the researchers gave people facts to remember, and told them where to find the information on the computer. The information was in a specific computer folder (文件夹). Surprisingly, people later remember the folder location (位置) better than the facts. When people use the Internet, they do not remember the information. Rather, they remember how to find it. This is called "transactive memory (交互记忆)"

    According to Sparrow, we are not becoming people with poor memories as a result of the Internet. Instead, computer users are developing stronger transactive memories; that is, people are learning how to organize huge quantities of information so that they are able to access(获取) it at a later date. This doesn't mean we are becoming either more or less intelligent, but there is no doubt that the way we use memory is changing.

阅读理解

    Experience the newly opened Grand Canyon West Skywalk in Colorado.Departing from Grand Canyon's South Rim by Airplane to Grand Canyon's West Rim,you will land and take a ground tour to the Skywalk! Walk on air for 70 feet over the edge of Grand Canyon West.

    This Skywalk has been open since March 28,2007.Daily visitor-ship to the Skywalk has been over 4000 people. Please be patient to enjoy your moment on the Skywalk.

    After you have experienced the one and only Grand Canyon Skywalk Glass Bridge from where you can enjoy the scenery better,you will return to the Grand Canyon West airport and take your Airplane for a flight back to the South Rim of the Canyon.This is a tour never to be forgotten as you will have walked on air over the Grand Canyon.

Tour Itinerary

Tour Time

5.7 Hours

The Grand Canyon Skywalk

Flight from

Grand

Canyon South

Rim to Grand Canyon West

1 Hour

Experience a bird's-eye view of the Grand Canyon as you make your way to Grand Canyon West.

Light Lunch at Guano Point at Grand Canyon

West

2 Hour

You'll be taken by bus to Guano Point with breathtaking views of the western part of the Grand Canyon where the Colorado River makes its way into Lake Mood.Every table for lunch has a view.

Walk on the

World-famous Skywalk

1.5 Hour

Finally you'll board your bus to Eagle Point,home of the Grand Canyon Skywalk.Now it is time for you to walk on air for 70 feet over the Grand Canyon.

Flight Back to

Grand Canyon South Rim

1.2 Hour

After time on the Skywalk,you'll return to the Grand Canyon West Airport and return to Grand Canyon South Rim in time for dinner and sunset.

根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

    What should you think about in trying to find your career(职业)? You are probably better at some school subjects than others. {#blank#}1{#/blank#} A boy who is good at mathematics can use that in an engineering career. A girl who spells well and likes English may be good at office work. So it is important to do well at school. On the other hand, you may not have any specially strong or weak subjects but your records show a general good result. {#blank#}2{#/blank#} Knowledge of history is not required for most jobs but if history is one of your good subjects you will have learned to remember facts and details. This is an ability that can be useful in many jobs.

    Your school may have taught you skills, such as typing or technical drawing, which you can use in your work. You may be good at metal work or cooking and look for a job where you can improve these skills.

    {#blank#}3{#/blank#} You may have learned how to get to work on time and get on with older workers. You may have learned to give correct change in a shop, for example. Just as important, you may become interested in a certain industry or career you see from the inside in a part-time job.

    {#blank#}4{#/blank#} You may be all thumbs when you deal with tools; perhaps you are a poor speller or cannot add up a column of figures. It is better to face any weaknesses than to pretend they do not exist. Your school record, for instance, may not be too good, yet it is an important part of your background. You should not feel sorry for it.{#blank#}5{#/blank#}

A. This does not have direct value for future job hunting.

B. These may show strengths that you can use in your work.

C. Facing your weak points is also part of knowing yourself.

D. Having a part-time job is a good way to find out your weak points.

E. Instead, you should recognize that you will have a chance of a fresh start at work.

F. Although not all subjects can be used directly(直接地) in a job, they may have indirect value.

G. If you have had a part-time job on Saturdays or in the summer, think what you gained from it.

阅读理解

    WeChat, the Chinese social media smartphone app, saw an increase in user numbers of 41 percent year on year to 500 million at the end of last year, in a sign that parent company Tencent is extending its reach for the mobile Internet. As one of the largest Internet integrated service providers in Chinaand one of the most Internet users in China, Tencent's profit grew 24 percent to RMB 20.98 billion per year, slightly higher than forecasts, driven mainly by online gaming profits. It is unclear how much WeChat contributed to Tencent's profits but the app's growth is a strong indicator of the company's long-term health as it tries to adjust its business to be more suitable for mobile devices.

    "We extended our leadership in games and online media, and made breakthroughs in emerging platforms such as online security and mobile payments." Ma Huateng, Tencent chairman, said in a statement. WeChat is the second highest ranked social app in China, behind QQ, Tencent's another chatting app, which claimed to have 815 million registered monthly users at the end of 2014.

    Tencent has been unwilling to earn money through WeChat by flooding it with advertising, which could influence the users' experience. But this is expected to change. Some analysts anticipated(预期) that advertising would be introduced on a large scale later this year. Early attempts to test ads on the service have not always gone smoothly. After a BMW ad was introduced on some users' feedbacks in January, many users who were not targeted by the brand's marketing complained of "discrimination" by Tencent's data mining algorithm(数据挖掘算法). They claimed it unfairly treated them as not wealthy or successful enough to view the BMW ad.

阅读理解

    The school year has barely started in Denver, and French teacher Tiffany Choi is already worried that her students are suffering from absent-mindedness. The problem isn't texting, playing video games or passing notes. It's Denver's ongoing heat wave.

    "Today was a little bit hot, so I noticed kids were very sleepy and they were having to get up to drink water quite often." said Choi, who works at Denver's East High School. "If you lose too much water, and you have to keep going to the water fountain, that can take away from their classroom experience." While nodding off in class on a warm day may seem like a right of passage for the average teen, Choi's observation carries a bigger consequence than parched (干燥的) lips.

    "There's been quite a few media reports about teachers noticing that students weren't able to focus on hotter days," said R Jisung Park, a researcher, "Does a hotter climate during the school year actually affect the rate of learning?" The drops in academic achievement couldn't be explained by hotter weekends or hotter summers, but the trend was connected to higher temperatures on school days alone.

    The connection between lost learning and a greater number of hot days is one more example of how climate change is already affecting our lives-and it's an alarm bell for what we stand to lose in the future. Humans still have time to lessen the worst consequences of continued global warming. But unless significant changes occur in the next decade-which seem more and more unlikely—the world will be locked into an inescapable period of heat waves unlike our species has ever seen.

 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Chinese pastries (糕点) have a rich and divers history that spans thousands of years. Traditional Chinese pastries are popular {#blank#}1{#/blank#} their beautiful shapes, delicate flavors and cultural symbolism.

The origins of Chinese pastries can be traced back to ancient times when they were primarily made for {#blank#}2{#/blank#} (religion) ceremonies and special occasions. Over centuries of evolution, Chinese pastries {#blank#}3{#/blank#} (develop), combining various regional flavors and techniques.

During the Tang dynasty, Chinese pastries experienced a significant {#blank#}4{#/blank#} (grow) in popularity. The Tang dynasty emperors were known for their love of desserts and pastries, {#blank#}5{#/blank#} led to the development of numerous delicate and complicated pastry recipes.

It was during this time {#blank#}6{#/blank#} many symbolic pastries were created, and the art of pastry-making reached new heights.

Mooncakes, closely {#blank#}7{#/blank#} (associate) with the Mid-autumn Festival, are among the most famous Chinese pastries. Mooncakes have a history {#blank#}8{#/blank#} (date) back over 1,000 years. They were{#blank#}9{#/blank#} (original) used as an offering {#blank#}10{#/blank#} (honour) the moon goddess during the harvest season. Mooncakes are often imprinted with amazing designs and symbols that represent good luck and prosperity.

Each region in China has its own pastries with distinct flavors, ingredients and making methods. Chinese pastries are an essential part of Chinese cuisine and cultural traditions.

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