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题型:阅读选择 题类:真题 难易度:普通

广东省东莞市2020年中考英语试卷

阅读理解

    Many people dream of traveling into outer space. However, spending too much time in space may cause health problems, according to NASA. That's why astronauts shouldn't spend more than six months on the International Space Station(ISS)at a time.

    Muscle(肌肉)and bone loss

    In a weightless environment, astronauts don't need to use their muscles to support themselves, so their muscles start shrinking. To keep their muscles strong, astronauts need to exercise about 2 hours each day on the ISS.

    Sleep disorder (混乱)

    In space, the sun rises every 90 minutes. It is hard for astronauts to get used to this light-dark cycle when they sleep. Also, they need to sleep in a sleeping bag that is fixed to a wall, and it is uncomfortable.

    Astronauts now have individual sleeping pods(分离仓)that help shut out some of the light. Sill, studies have found that most astronauts only sleep about six hours each night, even though they should have eight and a half hours.

    Brain changes

    Scientists have found that the position of the brain changes during spaceflight. It can affect how the brain deal with how we see, stay balanced and move around. That's why some astronauts can't control their movement and balance after returning to the Earth. Scientists have also found that astronauts may get used to this change after going on more spaceflights. But they still need to do more research.

(1)、According to the passage, astronauts may have the following health problems EXCEPT ____________.
A、bone loss B、brain changes C、sleep disorder D、headache
(2)、Astronauts may have muscle problems after returning to the Earth because_________.
A、they seldom walk while in space B、they are too busy to exercise in space C、they don't have enough room to exercise in space D、they don't need to use their muscles to support themselves in space
(3)、Astronauts sleep in individual sleeping pods to ________________.
A、stay warm at night B、shut out light C、enjoy a quiet place D、avoid moving around
(4)、The underlined word "shrinking" in the second paragraph means ________________.
A、萎缩 B、改变 C、消失 D、膨胀
(5)、The best title of this passage is ________________.
A、Sleep Disorder in Space B、Brain Changes in Space C、Muscle and Bone Loss in Space D、Health Problems in Space
举一反三
 根据语篇内容,选择最佳选项。

①What is doodling? It means drawing something in a simple unplanned way. You might draw a cartoon character on a wall. Perhaps you draw a picture when you are listening to music. It doesn't matter what you draw and there is no right or wrong way to do it.

②Doodling is relaxing because you don't have to make your creation perfect. Joe Whales, who is famous for doodling, says, "When I doodle, I feel I'm the happiest person in the world. I enjoy it because I can express(表达) myself freely—there are no rules in doodling."

③Another good thing about doodling is that it is easy to do. All you need is some paper and a pencil or pen.

④Doodling can also help people take in more information. A study found that those who doodled while listening to a long telephone message remembered more information than those who didn't.

⑤What's more, doodling can help people work out what makes them special. During a school visit, Cath Howe, a writer, asked pupils to draw some squiggles(弯弯曲曲的线条). Then they could fill in the spaces inside the squiggles with some words. The words described things they cared about, such as people, animals, food and hobbies. "The pupils really enjoyed doing it. Everyone doodled in their special way. I learned a lot about the pupils from it," Howe said.

⑥Doodling is not only interesting but also very meaningful. Would you like to have a try?

 阅读短文,回答问题

①While dogs cannot speak, they do show their feelings with body language and voices. Watch a dog's actions, you'll see how it uses ears, eyes, eyebrows, lips, nose, mouth and tail to express its feelings.

②Happy: A dog that is happy and excited to see you will look at you and wag its tail, or it will run around quickly in circles. Some happy dogs will jump up on you.

③Scared: A scared dog acts differently from a happy one. A frightened dog puts its tail down between its legs. Or it lays its ears back to head. Some dogs growl(咆哮)to show they are afraid. Others try to hide.

④Submissive(顺从的): Rolling over generally means the dog is happy and being submissive. In fact, the dog is saying, "You're the boss." It taps you with a paw or places its head on your leg.

    ▲    : A dog who stands still facing another dog or a person with direct eye contact and with ears and tail up is warning of a coming attack. Dogs show one of these behaviours when they want to be left alone, too. A dog that is not feeling good will open its mouth and show its teeth, or it will growl.

⑥Alert(警觉的): The dog is alert for some reason. If you are training it and its ears raise up, it means the dog is paying attention to you and waiting for your orders.

⑦Dogs like being with people, so they try to get your attention. Dogs also know your body language. If you learn a dog's body language, you'll improve the relationship with the dog.

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