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题型:阅读理解 题类:真题 难易度:普通

2020年高考英语真题试卷(江苏卷)(含听力音频)

阅读理解

Some important dates in China's fighting Covid-19 before May 7,2020

Jan 20, 2020~ Feb 20,2020

Jan 23: Wuhan declared temporary outbound (向外的) traffic restrictions.

Jan 24: National medical teams began to be sent to Hubei and wuhan.

Jan 27: The Central Steering (指导) Group arrived in Wuhan.

Feb 18: The daily number of newly cured and discharged (出院) patients exceeded that of the newly confirmed cases.

Feb 21, 2020~ Mar 17,2020

Feb 21: Most provinces and equivalent administrative units started to lower their public health emergency response level.

Feb 24: The WHO-China Joint Mission on Covid-19 held a press conference in Beijing.

Mar 11-17: The epidemic (流行病) peak had passed in China as a whole.

Mar 18,2020 ~Apr 28,2020

Apr1: Chinese customs began NAT (核酸检测) on inbound arrivals at all points of entry.

Apr 8: Wuhan lifted outbound traffic restrictions.

Apr 26: The last Covid-19 patient in Wuhan was discharged from hospital.

Apr 29, 2020~ May 7,2020

Apr 30: The public health emergency response was lowered to Level 2 in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region.

May 7: The State Council released Guidelines on Conducting Covid-19 Prevention and Control on an Ongoing Basis.

(1)、What happened between January 20 and February 20?
A、The Central Steering Group arrived in Wuhan. B、The WHO-China Joint Mission on Covid-19 held a press conference. C、The last Covid-19 patient in Wuhan was discharged from hospital. D、Beijing lowered its emergency response level.
(2)、From which date were private cars allowed to go out of Wuhan?
A、January 23. B、March 11. C、April 8. D、May 7.
举一反三
阅读理解

    My first book had been rejected by every major American publisher. My first agent, wasn't communicating. My dream of a life as a successful author was in tatters.

"It isn't going to happen," I said to my friend. "And I have to accept it."

"If you lose faith in your product, no one else will have faith in it," she told me.

    And, I knew she was right. But, how could I believe in myself when I hit a wall at every turn? I knew I had a good product. The book featured interviews with world-famous people who had learned how to succeed and lead—the hard way. It had information that could help other people. As a consumer, I would have loved that book because it had the great wisdom I so desperately needed. And, their stories made for good reading. I had a good book. What I didn't have was a publisher. I had to find a way to get that book sold and on the shelves. But, how?

    The hardest challenge was forcing myself to do battle again. I had to find the strength to believe in myself when it seemed like no one else believed in me. When I hit a wall, I usually need to get more information to figure out what is going wrong. So, I did some research and found out that my initial vision for the book-where all the interview subjects got their own chapters-wasn't marketable to big publishers because that format does not sell tons of books. What I had to do was recognize, restructure and rewrite.

    I needed an agent. There are thousands of agents. Surely one of them was right for me. So, I started sending out query(询问)letters. Within a week, I had a dozen agents who wanted the book. I chose the one who I thought would believe in me and my dream. She did get me my choices of publishers.

    Hard won Wisdom wound up being a best-selling book. But, it almost never was.

阅读理解

    Kong Zi, also called Confucius (551B.C-479B.C, and Socrates (苏格拉底) (469B.C-399B.C) lived only a hundred years apart, and during their lifetimes there was no contact between China and Greece, but it is interesting to look at how the world that each of these great philosophers came from shaped their ideas, and how these ideas in turn, shaped their societies.

    Neither philosopher lived in times of peace, though there were more wars in Greece than in China. The Chinese states were very large and feudal (封建的), while the Greek city-states were small and urban. The urban environment in which Socrates lived allowed him to be more radical (激进的) than Confucius. Unlike Confucius, Socrates was not asked by rules how to govern effectively. Thus, Socrates was able to be more idealistic, focusing on issues like freedom, and knowledge for its own sake. Confucius, on the other hand, advised those in government service, and many of his students went out to government service.

    Confucius suggested the Golden Rule as a principle for the conduct of life: "Do not do to others what you would not want others to do to you." He assumed that all men were equal at birth, though some had more potential than others, and that it was knowledge that set men apart. Socrates focused on the individual, and thought that the greatest purpose of man was to seek wisdom. Like Confucius, he believed that the superior class should rule the inferior (下层的) classes.

    For Socrates, the family was of no importance, and the community of little importance. For Confucius, however, the family was the center of the society, with family relations considered much more important than political relations.

    Both men are respected much more today than they were in their lifetimes.

阅读理解

    Is there a way to turn back the aging process in people? For centuries, people have been looking for a "fountain of youth." The idea is that if you find a magical fountain, and drink its water, you will not age.

    Researchers in New York did not find an actual fountain of youth, but they may have found a way to turn back the aging process. It appears that the answer may be called the hypothalamus, which is part of your brain. It controls important body activities, including growth, the way we process food and so on. Researchers found that hypothalamus neural stem cells (干细胞) also influence how fast aging takes place.

    Dongsheng Cai was the leading researcher in a study on aging in mice. He and his team reported their findings. "when the hypothalamus starts aging, particularly the loss of hypothalamus stem cells, so does the body." he said.

    Using this information, the researchers began trying to activate (激活) the hypothalamus in laboratory mice. The results show that the treatment slowed aging in the animals. "When we injected the hypothalamus stem cells to the middle-aged mice, the mice aged slowly and they could also live longer."

    But these results were just from studying mice in a laboratory. If the mice can live longer, does that mean people could have longer lives? The next step is to see if the anti-aging effects also work in human beings. If so, they say the findings could lead to new ways to help doctors identify and treat age-related health problems.

 阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项

Richard Browning has been attracted by flight ever since his father took him into the hills to fly gliders (滑翔机). He has certainly been an adventurer. Richard took it upon himself to develop his own jet suit and began to experiment with some of his friends. He made quick progress. In 2017, he felt confident enough to start a company called Gravity Industries that could make jet suits. It took 15 months to develop the very first one. 

Five very small jet engines are built into the jet suit. These are powered by kerosene (煤油). Two engines are located on the pilot's arms and one is placed on the back. Each engine weighs less than two kilos and can produce22 kilos of thrust(推力). 

The pilot is able to control the direction and speed of the flight. He does this by small movements of the arms which require hours of practice. One wrong move and you could end up falling to the ground. 

Richard is not only in charge of his company; he is also the chief test pilot. He has spent hours and hours perfecting the correct moves to create a perfect flight. He was able to enter the Guinness Book of World Records in 2017 when he became the fastest man in a jet suit and flew at 51 kilometres per hour. Since then, he has presented his jet suit at 60 events in 20 different countries around the world. More recently, he flew alongside Brighton Pier on the south coast of England at 136 kilometres per hour! 

The objective of Richard's company has been to build a suit which members of the public can buy. The first went on sale in a department store in 2018 for f 340, 000. If you want to jet around your own hometown, it's time to start saving—or to work for Richard Browning.

 阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。

For future humans to survive long periods on Mars, growing food on the planet is a must. It would be too costly and risky to rely upon rocket deliveries to meet the food needs of settlers. With this in mind, scientists are exploring ways to improve space farming.

Researchers work in a controlled greenhouse. They have identified a way that could improve crop production in simulated (模拟的) Martian soil, with different crops grown together. The method is called "intercropping", invented by ancient Maya farmers in what is now Central America.

In their experiments, the researchers grew cherry tomatoes, peas and carrots together in small, round containers. Tomatoes grown in this way produced about double the amount of tomatoes grown alone—or "monocropped"—in the same simulated Martian soil. The tomatoes were also bigger. They flowered and matured earlier, gave more fruit per plant and had thicker stems. The amounts of peas and carrots did not increase with intercropping.

Rebeca Goncalves, an astrobiologist and lead writer of the study, said the research is the first time the intercropping technique was used in space soil, and that it was a big find—one that they could now build further research on. The crops were grown in simulated Martian regolith, a soil with no organic matter —a near-perfect physical and chemical match to real Martian soil.

The researchers added useful bacteria and nutrients. They also controlled the gases, temperature and humidity inside the greenhouse to match conditions expected in a Martian greenhouse. Intercropping involves growing plants with properties that could help each other grow. The method makes the best use of resources including water and nutrients.

The researchers said the tomato plants in intercropping may have benefited from being close to the pea plants. That is because the peas are good at turning nitrogen from the air, with the help of bacteria introduced into the soil, into an important nutrient. Overall, the tomatoes, peas and carrots grew well, though not as well as in Earth soil in the same greenhouse.

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