- 二一组卷

题型：阅读选择题类：常考题难易度：普通

广东省深圳市2019年初中英语毕业生学业考试仿真卷（五）

阅读理解

Qi Haoran, a Junior 1 student at High School Attached to Harbin Institute of Technology, was quite busy over the past winter vacation—and not just with homework. Qi, together with 10 other classmates made a volunteer group to call on people to join the Clean Your Plate Campaign (光盘行动).

The 11 students went to many restaurants and told people the importance of saving food. "Excuse me, do you know that 950 million people around the world still haven't got enough to eat? Could you please not waste food?"They would say this kind of thing hundreds of times every day.

China in recent years has experienced serious problems with wasted food. CCTV reported in January that the food Chinese people waste every year is enough to feed 200 million people for a year. It's a tradition that Chinese people offer lots of food when they invite others to dinner. Many even feel that they will lose face if their guests have eaten all their food.

Luckily the campaign has got the support of many. In a restaurant in Xinjiang, the owner gives the guests who have eaten up all that they ordered a sticker. People can enjoy a free meal when they have 10 stickers. More than 750 restaurants in Beijing have begun to offer smaller dishes and encourage their guests to take leftovers(剩饭剩菜) home.

Wasting food is a serious problem around the world, not only in China. It's said that 2 billion tons(吨) of food ends up as waste every year in our country. This is as much as half of all the food in the world. The UN Environment Program and the Food and Agriculture Organization held a"Think, Eat, Save" program on January 24 to help reduce food waste.

To reduce food waste is a big task, and it needs time. It's important that everyone does their bit, just like Qi. Did you finish your meals today?

（1）、The Clean Your Plate Campaign calls on people to __________.

A、do volunteer work B、work part time in restaurants C、stop wasting food D、wash their plates after dinner

（2）、What did the restaurant in Xinjiang do to support the campaign?

A、The owner would have dinner with those who had eaten up their food. B、It offered a free meal to the guests who had finished all their food ten times. C、It gave stickers to the guests who ordered small dishes. D、It encouraged customers to take leftovers home.

（3）、From the passage , we can know that __________.

A、wasting food is a serious problem in China B、Chinese people waste the most food in January C、200 million Chinese people invite others to dinner every day D、Chinese people usually don't offer enough food to their guests

（4）、You can probably read this passage _________.

A、in a science book B、in a newspaper C、in a tourist guide D、in an advertisement

举一反三

There are some easy things you can do to protect the environment and the earth. Choose ideas from the list or come up with a few of your own.
·Plant flowers, grass or trees.
·Whenever you visit a park or beach, take away what you bring there—keep rubbish in a bag until you can put it in a dustbin.
·Turn off the lights and TV sets when you leave the room. This can save a lot of electricity.
·Turn off the tap when you brush your teeth. You can save some water by not letting it run. Also, use a glass cup instead of a paper cup because this saves paper.
·Keep the doors and windows closed in winter to keep warm air in.
·Give your old books and magazines to a library instead of throwing them away.
·Give your old clothes to poor children you know instead of throwing them away.
·Use both sides of paper.
·Stop pouring dirty water into the rivers or lakes nearby.
·Encourage all your friends to do the same things you do to help protect the earth. You don't have to wait until Earth Day to do these things. Make every day Earth Day. If everyone makes a contribution to protecting the environment, the world will become much more beautiful.

Computers can injure you. Most other injuries happen suddenly. For example, if you fall off a bike and break your arms, it happens very quickly. But computer injuries slowly.
You probably know how to ride a bike safely. Now learn to use a computer safely.
Your eyes
Too much light can injure your eyes, so never sit too close to a computer screen. Your eyes should be at least 50 centimeters from the screen. Remember to look away from it sometimes. This gives your eyes a rest.
When you use a computer, the window should be on your left or your right. If it is behind you, the light will reflect on (反射) the screen. If the window is in front of you, the sun and the screen will both shine into your eyes.
Your hands and wrists (手腕)
Hand and wrist injuries can happen because the hands and wrists are moved in the same way hundreds of times. If you use a keyboard for a long time, follow these three rules: 1) Rest your wrists on something. 2) Keep your elbows at the same height as the keyboard. 3) Stop something and exercise your hands, wrists and fingers in a different way.
Your back
Some people sit for many hours in front of a computer. If you sit in the wrong way, you can injure your back or your neck. So you should sit with your back straight. The top part of the screen should all be in front of your eyes. Your forearms, wrists, hands and the upper part of your legs should all be parallel (平行) to the floor. If you are sitting for a long time, get up every 30 minutes and exercise your arms, legs and necks.
Enjoy your computer, but use it safely.

     When you look up into the sky at night, have you ever felt that your eyes are playing tricks on (捉弄) you? It seems that the stars are moving all the time.
      Actually, there is nothing wrong with your eyes. This twinkling effect is called scintillation (交光). Scintillation happens because of air movements in the earth's atmosphere (大气). Light is “bent (弯曲的)” when it travels through different parts of the earth's atmosphere. As the air in the earth's atmosphere is moving all the time, the light from the stars looks as if it is moving too.
    The same thing also happens to things on the ground. On a very hot and shiny day, if you look at the road, the image in the distance is not clear and things move slightly. You can also see the same effect if you drop a rock into water. The rock appears a little unclear under the moving water.
      This twinkling effect causes a lot of problems for astronomers (天文学家) since they cannot observe the stars clearly. A telescope (望远镜) was sent into space so that the air movements in the atmosphere could be avoided (避免). It took a long time to build the space telescope but finally in 1990, a huge space telescope called the Hubble Space Telescope was successfully sent into space. Since then, astronomers have many important observations that have helped people understand space better.
根据短文内容，选择最佳选项。

阅读理解

Look up in the sky. Do you see any clouds? What do they look like ?Some clouds are fluffy（绒毛状的）and white, like cotton balls. Others are dark, almost black, and make you hold an umbrella. At sunrise and sunset, clouds can look red, purple, or yellow，as if they were colored with crayons. But what are clouds anyway?

You can't reach out and touch the clouds, but you can make your own in a bottle.

You need :

An adult helper

A huge, empty glass container（容器）

A metal strainer（滤网）

Hot water

Ice

Do these:

Step1. Have your helper fill the container with hot water ,leave it there for two minutes, then pour out most of the water, leaving just an inch or two at the bottom of the container.

Step2. It's your turn now. Put the strainer over the mouth of the container. Fill the strainer with ice. Watch the container.

What happened?

A cloud formed in the container! Some of the hot water at the bottom of the container turned into the hot water vapor. The water vapor rose and met with cold air coming off the ice. When the water vapor condensed（凝结）,it formed a cloud. Hot air rises ad carries with it lots of water vapor. The higher the air rises, the more it cools down. Soon the cold air can't hold all the water vapor so it starts turning into tiny water drops, and becomes a cloud.

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

When you are on a long road trip or in a traffic jam during a daily-commute ， it may seem harmless to connect your phone to your car's USB port．But unless you really need to use your phone，charging(充电)your iphone during your commute could be a big mistake．

Why? For starters，the USB port in our car probably provides less electricity than your phone really needs to charge．As a result，your phone might stop working while it charges.

Many people may notice that on their way home from work their phone charged very little during their 30-60 minute commute，"says Brad Nichols，an engineer at Staymobile．"It is mostly because that the phone is using more power than the car charger isproviding it．"

Nichols also says that your phone could receive too much power，especially if you are using a cigarette lighter port to charge up．Most cigarette lighters can provide more power than most chargers can afford．If a charger cannot keep providing the proper power, it may make the phone broken．

Charging your phone could do harm to your car's battery(电池)，too．This usually isn't a big deal for those who own new cars with healthy batteries，Nichols says．But if your car is older，you might not want to charge your phone through its USB port．

Most importantly，it's not safe to use your phone while driving．"Anytime a person's hands leave the wheel or eyes leave the road，it becomes dangerous for them and the other people around them," Nichols points out．Bottom line：Play it safe，and wait until you get home to charge your phone．

阅读理解

Gardening is popular in many parts of the world. It brings us sweet smelling flowers, fresh fruit and vegetables. But you can get more from your garden.

Gardening helps to keep healthy. Today's people sit indoors for too long and don't get much exercise. When you garden, you have to move around. It's a good chance for you to exercise your body by watering flowers or doing some digging. Besides, when you are in your garden, you can feel the warm sunshine. This means you are getting Vitamin D. It helps your bodies use calcium (钙), which is necessary to keep your bones (骨骼) strong.

It gets them off computers, televisions and phones. Gardening can be a great teacher to teach children about nature and healthy eating. It can also help them to understand the meaning of "No pains, no gains."

Gardening is a great way to meet people and build relationships. When you are gardening, you are outdoors. So it is a perfect time to communicate with your neighbors. Most people love to talk about their hobbies, and so do gardeners. They usually enjoy showing people what they are growing. And most enjoy sharing advice and stories about their gardens.

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