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题型:阅读选择 题类:常考题 难易度:普通

北京市西城区2015-2016学年八年级下学期初中英语期末测试

阅读短文, 根据短文内容, 从各题给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选择最佳选项。
    Some people choose to be vegetarian, but others are vegetarian because of their religion(宗教), their culture, or the place they live. There are vegetarians all over the world, but the country with the most vegetarians is India.
    About one billion people live in India, and most follow the Hindu religion. Hindus think it is wrong to kill animals or make them suffer. They think if they do so, they will suffer the same way one day. Hindus believe cows are sacred, and they are respected by people. Therefore, most Hindus do not eat beef.
    There are different kinds of vegetarians in the world . Some vegetarians do not eat beef or red meat, but they eat chicken and fish. Some do not eat red meat, chicken, or fish but they eat cheese, butter, eggs, milk, and other animal products. Other vegetarians do not use anything that comes from an animal. Some don t wear wool because it harms the sheep, don t use silk because it hurts silkworms, and don t eat honey because they do not want to hurt bees. Other vegetarians only eat vegetables; however they do not kill plants. For example, they will not eat carrots or potatoes because when you pick them, the plants die. They will eat apples or pears because picking them does not harm the plant. Some vegetarians do not kill or hurt any animal-not even a fly or a mosquito!
    In India, too, there are different kinds of vegetarians. Some Hindus are strict vegetarians. Other Hindus eat all meat except beef, but they only eat it about once a week. Many families eat chicken or lamb a few times a year on special occasions, like wedding. The Hindus from the upper classes do not eat meat or drink alcohol. However, the lower classes eat all meat except beef. The upper classes, or Brahmans(婆罗门), cannot kill anything that is moving. If they do, they believe they will become that animal in their next lives and will be killed, too.
    Hindus follow other rules when they eat. They rinse their mouths, arms, and legs before and after eating to clean themselves. It is a custom for the man of the house to eat thirty two mouthfuls at each meal, chewing carefully and thinking about pleasant things. Strict Hindus do not eat garlic or onions. They believe that foods have characteristics. Some foods are “hot", others are “cold” They think the strong smells of these foods are too powerful for the mild tastes and smells of other vegetables. Also, in middle class families, many women do not eat meat, but men do. Women think eating meat is something manly. They also connect meat with violence.
    Vegetarians are everywhere in both rich and poor countries. In parts of the world such as Africa, the Middle East, and Southeast Asia, meat is uncommon, and therefore it is an easy choice to be vegetarian. Surveys show that in both the United States and Britain about 4 percent of the population is vegetarian. And more and more people are choosing vegetarianism every day. Many people become vegetarian for health reasons. They look and feel better when they stop eating meat. Some famous vegetarians include Leonardo da Vince, Albert Einstein, Thomas Edison.
(1)、What does the underlined word “sacred" in paragraph 2 mean?  

A、Eatable and to be cooked. B、Dangerous and to be killed. C、Dirty and not to be eaten. D、Godly and worth respecting.
(2)、What can you infer from paragraph 4?  

A、Everyone in India eat all meat except beef. B、Upper classes eat meat on important occasions. C、Upper classes will become the animals that they eat for food. D、People don t follow the same rule of being vegetarians in India.
(3)、What does the writer want to tell us?  

A、People should eat less meat and more vegetables B、There are different types of vegetarians all over the world. C、Being a vegetarian is a smart choice. D、Eating meat does harm to people s health.
(4)、What is NOT a reason why people become vegetarians,    

A、They want to be pretty. B、They want to be more healthy. C、Meat is not common in their countries. D、Eating meat is not allowed in their culture.
举一反三
Many textbooks are not written in the kind of English that we speak every day. In fact, sometimes the reading is so difficult that it almost seems like a foreign language. In a way, it is—the language of science. You should not expect to be able to read a difficult science passage the same way you read an interesting story; you should not expect to read it easily and all at once. Instead, you may have to read it several times through, catching on the meaning of difficult words, going back over difficult sentences, and finally putting the whole thing together. Do not be discourages if the whole passage don't make sense to you at first. You need to pick it apart patiently until you can understand it.
These are the steps to follow when you are reading something difficult:
1. Start to read normally until you run into a sentence that doesn't make sense to you.
2. When a sentence doesn't make sense, go back and read it again more slowly.
3. Look for any word you don't know in the sentence. Try to understand their meanings using word parts and context clues(上下文线索). If necessary, look them up in the dictionary.
4. Look at the next few sentences to see if they explain more about the sentence you are working on. Do not read very much farther ahead until you understand what is being said.
5. Finally, read the sentence again. Try to put it into simpler words.
6. Read through the passage once. Try to understand all the hard parts well. Then read the whole passage once more at a usual speed. This helps you to put all ides together.
The stops sound a lot harder than they are. It is really just the normal way good readers understand anything that is difficult to read. After you have done the best you can this way, you should always feel free to ask for help from your teacher, if you have one.

Tahiti is the largest island of the French Polynesia in South Pacific. It covers 1,045 km and has a population of 183,600.The weather there is neither too hot nor too cold. It's always warm and humid.
Tahitian people are very friendly and welcoming. They welcome visitors with music, dance and flowers. The Tiare Tahiti flower, which can only be found in Tahiti, is used for greeting arriving visitors and returning family, It's popular for women and men to wear the flowers behind their left ears.
In Tahiti, there are always a lot of things to do and to see. Around the island are hundreds of places perfect for diving. In the waters, you can meet all kinds of colorful fish and many other living things that you can't name. Feeding sharks is another exciting popular activity. You can stand in the water behind a safe rope to watch a shark trainer hand—feed the sharks, or enjoy this fantastic scene from the boat. If you want to find a place to swim, have a sun bath or admire the beautiful sunset, Pointe Venus Lighthouse, a black sand beach, is a great choice.
In the evening ,you can have Tahitian food, Chinese food and French—style dishes at To'ata, a square with many small restaurants. All kinds of fruit juice from coconut milk to pineapple juice can be found everywhere. Some hotels in Tahiti are built above the waters. Beautiful fish swimming below can be seen through the glass floor or coffee table. They are really wonderful places to relax and refresh you.
Tahiti, an amazing place to do everything or nothing at all, is waiting for you.

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