（2016•宁波）阅读理解。D Your brain controls everything you do. It makes it possible for you to think, Learn, cre...

题型：阅读选择题类：真题难易度：普通

2016年中考英语真题试卷（浙江宁波卷）

阅读理解。

Your brain controls everything you do. It makes it possible for you to think,

Learn, create and feel; to blink(眨眼) and breathe and for your heart to heat –this fantastic control center is your brain. It is so amazing that a famous scientist once called it "the most complex(复杂) thing we have yet discovered in our universe".

Can this small grey organ(器官) , which weighs less than one and a half kilos, really do so much? Amazingly , your brain contains about 100 billion neurons(神经元) -it would take you over 3, 000 years to count them all. Believe it or not, the activity in your brain never stops. Your neurons create and send more messages than all the phones in the world. And although one neuron creates only a little electricity, all your neurons together can produce enough electricity to power a light bulb (灯泡).

So exactly how fast does your brain work? Well, imagine this: a bee lands on your foot. Neurons in your skin send this information to your brain at a speed of more than 240 kilometers per hour. Your brain then uses other neurons to send the message back to your foot to shake the bee off quickly. These neurons can send this information at more than 320 kilometers per hour. No computer has your brain's unbelievable ability to deal with the amount of information coming from your eyes, ears and other sensory organs.

But how does your brain allow you to learn things that you will use in the future? The structure (结构) of your brain changes every time you have a new thought, remember or learn something. For example, riding a bike seems impossible at first, but soon you are able to do it. How? As you practice, your brain sends "bike riding" messages again and again soon, the actions are learnt and you are able to ride a bike easily from then on.

（1）、From the passage we know that neurons .

A、receive messages very slowly B、are only found in your skin C、send messages to your brain D、need electricity to work

（2）、In Paragraph 3, the writer mentions computers to .

A、compare them which the human brain B、show how fast they have become C、say that computers have no abilities D、ask people to use computers more

（3）、When you have a new thought, .

A、your brain will power a light bulb B、your heart beats faster C、you remember something D、the structure of your brain changes

（4）、The article is mainly about .

A、all the steps when your brain learns things B、what an unbelievable organ the human brain is C、how the brain makes people smarter than computers D、the things you can do to make your brain work faster

举一反三

Scientists are very interested in the Universe, and they always want to know more about it. Years ago they knew many things about the moon. They knew how big it is and how far away it is from the earth. But they wanted to know more about it. They thought the best way was to send men to the moon. The moon is about 384,000 kilometers away from the earth. A plane cannot fly to the moon because the air reaches only 240 kilometers away from the earth. But something can fly even when there is no air. That is a rocket(火箭).
How does a rocket fly? There is gas（气体） in the rocket. When the gas is made very hot inside the rocket, it will rush out of the end of the rocket, so it can make the rocket fly up into the sky. Rockets can fly out into space. Rockets with men in them have been to the moon. Several rockets without men in them have flown to another planet(行星) much farther away than the moon. One day, rockets may be able to go to any place in space.

   People cannot reach an agreement on the use of science and technology. For example, will radiation from electronic equipment destroy the environment? Should medical scientists change gene structures to prevent genetic disease or to create “more perfect” human beings? While people are arguing about these and others, technology continues to influence our everyday lives—the home, health and education, entertainment and communication, and so on.
   Some people carry on active social lives with computers —their own or the ones in public places like cafes, social centers, libraries, and so on. Communicating with others in chat rooms, computer users can get to know people they might never meet in traditional ways. With live online video connections, two people with cameras in their computers can see and talk to each other from separate places.
   With modern telephone technology, most people stopped writing lettters—especially personal letters and notes. But now, writing to communicate has returned in electronic form, or e-mail, which is a way of sending messages from one computer to another. For some computer users, the wish to communicate intelligently or creatively with others makes them want to write better.
   Computer technology has also made it possible to run a house electronically. From turning lights on and off to starting the coffee and cooking the hot meal, computers are taking care of people at home. Many modern machines have computer chips that allow their owners to program them. For instance, you can “instruct” a microwave oven how to cook a dish. Most entertainment equipment operates with computer technology too. Computers can even start cars automatically so that on cold winter mornings you can get into a warmed-up vehicle and drive off.
   Although much of the technology in our everyday lives has good effects, there are some uses that raise questions. For example, are interactive media ( i.e., a combination of television, telephone, and computer) going to control minds, cause people to forget about family life and personal relationships? What effects will the genentic engineering of food have on people's health? High-tech medical treatments can make a person live a much longer life, but can they improve the health and happiness of human beings? Only time will tell, but, in the meantime, science and technology will continue to move forward.

Baboons(狒狒) live in Africa. They are like monkeys. Most people think daddy baboons don't know their babies. But scientists (科学家) find that daddy baboons know how to help their babies. The daddy baboons are smart.
Joan Silk is a scientist. She studies the baboons for 3 years. She says the daddy baboons are happy to see their babies. They have big teeth to help the babies to eat hard things. Mother baboons are small. And they live in a place. When a mother baboon gives birth(分娩), she often has only one baby. Baby baboons have fur. They are very cute.
During the day they eat things. At night, they sleep in the trees. Most children like baboons because they look like the man.

Water can be a liquid, a solid or a gas. When it is a solid, it can be as hard as stone. When it is a liquid, it can run through your fingers. When it is a gas, you may not see or feel it.
Water can change from a solid to a liquid or to a gas easily. This is why we always have fresh water. Now let us find out how it does. The heat of the sun turns liquid water into gas from the oceans, seas, rivers and lakes. The heat also turns liquid water into gas from the ground, the plants and the animals. Water in the gas rises and turns into clouds in the air.
When the clouds come near a mountain, they rise high. As the clouds rise, they get cooler. The higher they rise, the cooler they become. Then more and more water gas turn into water drops. In this way, the drops of water in the clouds get bigger and bigger. Then they fall to the earth as rain.
根据短文内容，选择正确答案

阅读下列短文，掌握其大意，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

How much do you know about air pollution? When people talk about air pollution, they usually think about outdoor air 1. But do you know that there is also 2 pollution inside homes, offices, hotels and other buildings? The air in your home can be 2 to 100 times more polluted than the air outdoors! In fact, some American doctors say that 50％ of illnesses have something to do with 3 indoor air.

A lot of pollution comes from 4 activities such as smoking and cooking. As most people 5 about 80％-90％of their time inside buildings, it is important to take indoor air pollution seriously too.

Air pollution influences our health in many ways. When the air is polluted, not only 6 children and old people suffer from it, but people with 7 problems suffer as well. Indoor air pollution can 8 people's eyes, noses and throats. Air pollution, both indoor and outdoor, can also lead to lung cancer and heart disease! In the Great Smog of London in 1952, 4,000 9 died in a few days because of the pollution! It is 10 that half a million young children and women die each year in India because of indoor air pollution!

阅读理解

In 1969, humans landed on the moon for the first time. Now, many other countries want to go there as well. Why?

The moon has a lot of minerals (矿物质) and other useful things. We want to find out if we can use them. The moon is our closest neighbor in space. We can use it as a rest station. Then, we can learn more about other planets far away in space.

The moon is 3,474 kilometers in diameter (直径). It is about one-fourth the size of Earth. If Earth is the size of a basketball, the moon is the size of a tennis ball.

The moon has much less gravity than Earth. If you can jump 1.5 meters on Earth, you can jump 9 meters on the moon.

The moon is very quiet. There is no sound there. There are a lot of grey rocks on it. The moon's sky is always black.

Our moon is about 384,400 kilometers away from Earth. The total length of the Great Wall is about 21,200 kilometers. We would have to put about ____ Great Walls end to end to reach the moon!

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