题型：任务型阅读 题类：模拟题 难易度：困难
江苏省2020年高考英语全真模拟试卷六
The Maginot Line was one of the largest military structures ever built, second only to the Great Wall of China. It was a series of sand traps, forts, turrets(炮塔), and obstacles that spanned more than 450 miles of France's border with Germany. Built between 1930 and 1940, it was one of the world's most impressive forts, yet it proved to be almost useless.
The Maginot Line was named after the man who argued for its construction, French Minister of War André Maginot. André Maginot had fought with the French against the Germans in the First World War. Much of this conflict took place along the Western Front, which was a line of trenches(战壕)across which the two sides faced one another. Both sides dug in deep and each lost many men over little ground. Conditions were horrid for all and there was a deadlock for many years as neither side was able to move the other.
Maginot never forgot these awful conditions. He wanted to build a line of defenses that would give the French an advantage in a similar conflict. It made sense that he feared that the Germans would attack France again. Germany's population nearly doubled France's. The line of defenses that Maginot pictured would allow a smaller French army to hold off a larger German force. In 1929, Maginot convinced the French Parliament to fund his vision.
Though calling it a line makes it seem thin, the Maginot Line was in fact quite deep. It was fifteen miles wide at some points and varied in structure. There were outposts(前哨站)disguised(伪装)as houses. These were manned by troops and equipped with explosives. There were antitank rails and obstacles. These were planted in the ground to prevent tanks and trucks from passing. There were sand traps armed with mounted machine guns and anti-tank guns. These were for pushing back attackers. And there were many large and small fortresses(堡垒)along the line. Each had dining halls, lots of supplies, and air conditioning. The Maginot line would give the French a supreme edge in the case of a head-on invasion by the Germans.
Unfortunately for the French, the Germans did not attack head-on. They positioned a decoy(诱饵)army in front of the line to distract the French. While the French waited, the Germans snuck a larger force through Belgium. Belgium is France's northeastern neighbor. The French did have some defenses along their border with Belgium, but this part of the Maginot line was weak. The Germans made quick work of these defenses. Within five days of their initial attack they were well into France.
Once they were in France, the Germans attempted to seize the main forts along the Maginot Line. They were not successful. The forts had proved to be strong, but they failed to hold back the Germans. The Germans had taken Paris, France's capital city. Soon after the French commander ordered his men to stand down. He commanded the French defenders to leave their bases along the Maginot Line. These soldiers were then taken to POW camps.
While the Maginot Line did not work in the way that the French had hoped, they did benefit by having built it. Belgium and England were strong allies. England had promised to protect Belgium. Belgium declared itself a neutral country, one which wanted to stay out of wars. When Germany invaded Belgium to bypass the Maginot Line, they violated Belgium's neutrality. This led to England entering the war sooner.
Though the Maginot Line is no longer used militarily, many of the buildings remain. Some of the forts are now wine cellars(酒窖)or mushroom farms. One was turned into a disco club. Today the Maginot Line is often used as a metaphor. People may refer to a failed project in which someone placed a lot of hope as a Maginot Line. Also, the Maginot Line lives on as the best-known symbol of the common saying that "generals always fight the last war."
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Introduction to the Maginot Line |
Built between 1930 and 1940, it was the largest military structure ever built, only next to the Great Wall of China. |
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It was made up of varieties of forts, more than 450 miles of France's border with Germany. |
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How was it built? |
In WWI, the Western Front was deadlocked for many years, both heavy losses. |
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Never forgetting terrible conditions, Andre Maginot suggest building a line of defenses to their own , considering Germany has nearly twice the population of France. |
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What did the inside of the Line look like? |
Outposts to be houses were controlled by troops and equipped with explosives. |
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Antitank rails and obstacles were planted to prevent vehicles passing and sand traps were armed with guns to attackers. |
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Fortresses along the Line had canteens, supplies and air-conditioning. |
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was the Line out of action? |
Germany gave up a attack and bypass the Maginot Line into France. |
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The defenses along the border with Belgium was weak. |
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past |
Leading to England into the war. |
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now |
Acting as wine cellars or mushroom farms. |
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Being transformed into a disco club. |
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Moral |
A white hope but turned out to be a . |
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A symbol of the saying "generals always fight the last war." |
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From time to time, we all get a bit down. Maybe we are feeling bad because we're not doing well with our goals. There are many reasons for feeling down, but I'm not able to discuss all of them. {#blank#}1{#/blank#}
Make a list. Sometimes we are sad simply because we are troubled by all the things we have to do. {#blank#}2{#/blank#} Make a list of the most pressing things you have to do. Thus you're getting things under control. You can see, right in front of you, what you need to do, and that can pick up your mood.
{#blank#}3{#/blank#} You've made a list, and you still feel puzzled? Well, get started on the first thing you need to do. Once you get into action, you'll feel better. And once you start doing something, you will feel much better than lying around feeling sorry for yourself.
{#blank#}4{#/blank#} I like Brown Eyed Girl, the Kinks, the Ramones, or an upbeat Beatles tune. You might have your own brand of feel-good music. Whatever it is, let yourself move to the beat. It may just be what the doctor ordered.
Talk about it. Get a best friend, family member or coworker you can talk to. {#blank#}5{#/blank#} It can also help you work out the reasons you're feeling down.
A. Take action. B. Play some lively music. C. Get out of the house and do something. D. Getting things off your chest makes a big difference. E. Start simply by picking up a piece of paper and a pen. F. Do whatever you need to do to feel good about yourself. G. What I can talk about are some things that have worked for me. |
You walk into the classroom, look at that white piece of paper in front of you and are told you've got an hour and a half to do it. That can make anyone nervous, but here is the guide to stay calm.
Get a good night's sleep the night before the test, and eat a healthy breakfast next day. {#blank#}1{#/blank#} If you're too tired, you won't remember what you learnt the night before.
Get to class a little earlier. If you get there early, you'll make sure to get your favorite seat. {#blank#}2{#/blank#}
Breathe. Before the test, breathe in through your nose deeply and slowly. {#blank#}3{#/blank#} Repeat this several times. If you experience a sudden panic during the test, perform the exercise again.
Skip questions if necessary. {#blank#}4{#/blank#} If you come across a difficult question, skip the question and move on. You can come back to it at the end of the test if you have time, and later questions may help you get the answer(s) to the one(s) you skipped.
{#blank#}5{#/blank#} Don't panic if you notice other students writing very quickly or handing in their tests early. Tell yourself it's just a test. Really, it is. No matter what happens, everything will be OK.
A. Avoid staying up the night before the exam. B. Act like you are the only person in the room. C. Don't spend too much time on any one question. D. If you believe you can do it, you will find you can! E. A little exercise will help you remain calm during any stressful situation. F. Then, hold your breath for 3-4 seconds and blow out slowly through your mouth. G. You'll not also feel more relaxed if you don't get there in time or worse yet, late. |
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