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  • 题型:阅读选择 题类:常考题 难易度:困难

    试题来源:浙江省宁波市2016年普通高中保送生英语考试试卷

    阅读下列短文,然后从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出能回答所提问题或完成所给句子的最佳选项。

        Do you know Roma people? They were called Gypsies(吉普赛人) by Europeans because they thought they came from Egypt(a country in Africa). About a thousand years ago, the Roma people left their homeland. They are known as nomads because for hundreds of years many of them have lived in large groups that travel from place to place. They have no real homeland.

        Today, the Roma are now living all over the world. They have kept their language and many customs. For example, it's important for Roma to marry other Roma. It's also a custom for parents to choose the person their children will marry. Roma people get married when they are young, sometimes even as young as 14.

        Romany is the language of the Roma people, which was written down only recently. Because the Roma are nomadic and have moved all over the world, their language has developed in many different ways. It is sometimes hard for Roma in one part of the world to understand Roma from another part.

        Roma music is famous all over the world, because many Roma throughout history have been musicians. Their music has influenced many other kinds of music, like classical and jazz.

        Roma don't usually assimilate(同化) into host countries. Over many centuries, governments have forbidden them to marry each other, travel or wear their traditional bright clothes. They have their gold taken away from them—treasures (财富) from their parents and grandparents. They have been taken as slaves(奴隶), and have been forced to change their names.

        But today, the Roma are finding ways to live in peace with others while keeping the treasures of their culture. "There's a will within us to continue to live as a people," says George Kaslov, whose family arrived in New York from Russia a hundred years ago. "All the other ethnic(种族) groups who came to America assimilate gradually with time going; they lose their customs and language. But not the Roma. We hold out."

    (1)What does the underlined word "nomads" in the 1st paragraph mean?
    A . People who lived centuries ago. B . People who come from Rome. C . People who have their own homeland. D . People who move from place to place.
    【答案】
    (2)What's the main idea of the last paragraph?
    A . George Kaslov has a strong will to live on. B . The Roma still keep their customs and language. C . The Roma are finding ways to keep the gold of their own. D . Most ethnic groups assimilate into host countries step by step.
    【答案】
    (3)What can we infer about the Roma according to the passage?
    A . Most of the Roma live in very unusual houses. B . Their language is endangered and may soon die out. C . Their culture is very different from other European cultures. D . Most Roma get married either when they are very young or very old.
    【答案】
    (4)What is the main purpose of the passage?
    A . To tell readers about an interesting culture. B . To tell us why the Roma need our help. C . To show us how all people are similar. D . To ask people how to live in peace.
    【答案】
    (5)What would be the best title for the passage?
    A . Brave Roma Travelers B . Famous Roma Music C . The Roma: Past and Present D . Changing Countries, Changing Cultures
    【答案】
    【考点】
    【解析】
      

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  • 举一反三
     根据短文和表格内容,选择最佳答案。

    The name of every British town and city has a long history. 

    Two thousand years ago, most people living in Britain were Celts(凯尔特人). Even the word "Britain" is Celtic. Then the Romans arrived and built camps. These camps became cities called "castra". This is why there are so many place names in England that end in "-chester" or "-caster". Manchester is one example. 

    After the Romans left Britain, it was attacked by Anglo-Saxon people and became its new owners. These people were from the area that is now Germany and the Netherlands (荷兰). The names of their villages often ended in "-ham" or "-ton". Some got their names from the leaders of the villages, so Birmingham, for example, means "Beormund's village". 

    Twelve hundred years ago, Vikings(维京人) came to England. They traded with the Anglo-Saxons but lived in their own villages. These often ended in "-by" or "-thorpe". The name "Kirkby" means "a village with a church(教堂)" and Scunthorpe was the village of a man called Skuma. Finally, in 1066, England became Norman(诺曼人的)—the Normans gave us the place name "grange", which means "farm". 

    And how about London? Experts cannot agree! The Romans called the city Londinium, but they were not the first people there. People once believed that the United Kingdom's capital city was named for the castle(城堡) of a king called Lud, but this is almost impossible. Our best guess today is that the name comes from a Celtic word meaning "a fast-flowing river". 

     阅读理解

    The ocean is not a quiet place. This is partly caused by sea animals. They use sound to find what they eat, whom they play with, or which place they move towards. But the noise from human activities is increasingly troubling the lives of ocean animals.

    According to scientists, loud noise may increase mass strandings (大规模搁浅) of sea animals. Researchers recorded only five of these events in the first half of the 20th century. From 1950 to 2004, they recorded more than 1,200 mass strandings. These were perhaps because of the use of sonar (声呐) underwater. Another main reason of loud underwater noise is pile driving (打桩). Piles are supports for bridges, oil and gas-producing areas. They're driven deep into the floor of the ocean. Driving a single pile can take several hours and result in as many as 5,000 hits. This process creates a lot of noise.

    To restrain that noise, some companies are making use of tiny bubbles (气泡). A single bubble is easily broken. However, the bubble wall can make pile driving quieter. The bubble wall is usually created in this way: A tube (管子) is placed in a ring around a pile. Air is then let out through closely spaced openings in the tube. When the bubbles rise, they act as a wall and take in some of the noise. Some more of the sound reflects back and becomes stuck inside the wall. Such bubble walls are really helpful.

    Other changes to pile driving can help as well. For example, people can take breaks while pile driving and let animals travel through.

    Our noise in the ocean is causing big problems. But small changes in our behaviors can make a big difference in animals' lives in the world's oceans.

     阅读理解

    What comes to mind when you hear the phrase "space meat"? It sounds quite weird. But in fact it could be the future of the human diet.

    A Russian astronaut recently "grew" meat aboard the International Space Station . Yes, you read that right- he grew it using cells (细胞) provided by an Israeli company called Aleph Farms. But in fact, he was not the first person to create lab-grown (实验室培育的) meat. Dutch scientist Mark Post grew the first lab meat in 2013.

    But why bother growing meat in a lab when we can get the real thing from cows? For one thing, lab-grown meat is healthier. "We gain greater control over what the meat consist of such as its fat content (脂肪含量)." Mark Post said in an interview. Lab- grown meat is also free of the chemicals that are used on farms, such as pesticides (农药) and growth hormones (激素).

    Are there other ways to replace regular meat? McDonald is trying to do so with the P.L.T. which stands for plant, lettuce (生菜) and tomato. The first P.L.T. burgers are already being sold in Canada according to the fast food company.

    The "meat" in the P.L.T. is made out of Beyond Meats plant-based meat substitute (替代品) created by a company from Los Angels, US. The company uses pea, rice and bean proteins (蛋白质) to produce patties (肉饼) that look and taste like real meat.

    Experts doubt whether products are halthier than real meat. But plant-based meat has already proven to be a success with several fast food companies already offering such products on their menus, according to Fox Business.

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