English can change by borrowing words from other languages. The word "tomato" was borrowed from Mexico, and “tea” came from China and so on. Now new words are formed by joining two words together. "weekend" and "cookbook" are made up of two parts. A latest one "brunch" comes from breakfast and lunch. Do you have brunch every day? Sometimes new words are shorter forms of older words. For example, the word "photo" was made from "photograph" by cutting off the end of the longer word. "Plane" and "phone" were made by cutting off the front part of "aeroplane" and "telephone". The names of people and products can also become new words. Our "sandwich" was named after a man called Sandwich who invented it and "cello" was a name given by the company that first made the product.

Can you find more examples for each of these ways to make new words?

    Once upon a time there was a poor woodcutter who worked very hard every day. He had a son and his name was Herman. The old man saved some money and sent his son to university.

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    But the money that the father gave his son ran out after two years and Herman had to come back home. The old man had no more money. Herman said he would stay and work with his father.

    The next day Herman went to the forest with his father. Though he had never done such work before, he worked well. {#blank#}2{#/blank#}Herman took his bread and said he would go a little farther into the forest.

    Herman was so happy with the bright sunshine that he walked and walked. Suddenly he heard a voice, "Let me out! Let me out!"{#blank#}3{#/blank#}There was something in the bottle that looked like a small budworm（青虫）. It jumped up and down shouting, "Let me out!"

    As soon as Herman opened the bottle, it jumped out of the bottle and began to grow. {#blank#}4{#/blank#}"Thank you, young man," he said. "Now it's my turn to help you. "

    The giant gave Herman a piece of cloth（布）. "It is unusual," said the giant. "Put it on a stone, and it will turn the stone into gold. "

    Herman ran back to his father with the unusual cloth. {#blank#}5{#/blank#}Also, Herman went back to university to learn more. Years later, he became a famous doctor in town.

    Once upon a time, in the forest there lived a baby elephant, who had no friends.

    None of the animals wanted to be his friend because he was too large.

    One day, a wild fire happened in the forest. The animals ran to safer places. The dry trees caught fire and the fire was sure to go all around the forest. The baby elephant ran to the nearest river, collected much water in his trunk (象鼻) and rushed to the burning trees. He sprayed (喷) the water on the fire. Finally, he put out the fire.

    Later, while he was resting after the hard job, all the animals and birds came to him and expressed their thanks for his kind help in time. They were now ready to regard (把……看作) him as their good friend and their hero. They said, "A friend in need is a friend indeed."

    The baby elephant was happy to get so many friends and played games with them. He walked through the forest, carrying several small animals and birds on his back.

    I live in a large neighborhood. I have lived here since I was born. I have a lot of friends there. Mr. Chan is one of them. He is 85 years old. I enjoy visiting Mr. Chan because he tells me exciting stories about Hong Kong in the past. He also shows me old photos. Yesterday, I visited Mr. Chan after school. I asked him how long he had lived here. This is what he told me:

    "I have lived in the neighborhood since 1993. Before I moved here, I lived in a small village called Pak Mong on Lantau Island. There were many people living in the village when I was young. These years, there are only a few families left. Most families moved to the city for work. I left the village in 1993, when my son moved to the city.

Pak Mong is an old village. There are watchtowers (瞭望塔) around the village. In the old days, soldiers used to stand in the watchtowers and keep guard (站岗). Here is a photo of my school. I went to that school a very long time ago. The school has been closed since 1985.

    I enjoy going to the Kowloon Walled City Park, because it makes me think of my old village. I have visited the park three times since 2004. Would you and your family members like to go to the park with me next weekend?"

    There was an old pear tree in a man's garden. In the past, the tree fruited every year, so the man would get many pears. But now, the tree got old. There were no more pears for the man. So the man decided to cut the tree down.

    When he walked toward the tree with an axe in his hand, the tree said to him, "Please don't cut me down. I have born so many pears for you in the past years."

    "I'm sorry, but I have to do so," the man said, "because I need wood to make a chair." Then he began to wave (挥动) his axe. At that moment, a bird in the old tree shouted at him, "Don't cut it down! Every time you go out and your wife feels lonely, she will come out to the garden and sit under the tree to enjoy its cool shade (树萌), and I sing songs to make her happy. We give much pleasure to your wife."

    The man didn't listen to the bird and drove it away. Just as he was about to cut the tree, some bees flew out of it and said, "Listen! If you agree not to kill this tree, we will give you delicious honey every day. Would you please leave the tree with us?"

    The man got moved. He said, "You are so kind to the tree, although it has become old. Now I see that I shouldn't cut it down. It has done so much for me and my wife. Let the tree stay here, and let the bird continue to sing songs here." With these words, the man left.

    Tokyo may be one of those places that you love and hate at the same time. In Tokyo, there are always too many people in the places where you want to go. There are also too many cars. Tokyo drivers often spend a long time in the busy street, just like drivers in London, Paris and New York.

    Tokyo also has a lot of people on foot, and sometimes it is really difficult to walk in the street. The worst time in the street is at 11：30 at night. That is because the nightclubs are closing at that time and everybody wants to go home then. There are more than 30,000 nightclubs in Tokyo, and usually none of them is empty at night.

    During the day, most people go to work by train. Six million train tickets are sold, every year in Tokyo. At most stations, trains arrive every two or three minutes, but at certain hours they are not enough at all. Although trains are always crowded, they are very good in many ways. They always leave and arrive on time. In London trains, you may see everybody reading a newspaper. But in Tokyo trains, everybody seems to be sleepy, no matter whether his journey is long or short. If you stand outside the station for five minutes, there will be three fire engineer going past you. They are on the way to one of the fires that Tokyo has every day. Tokyo has so many surprises that none of them can really surprise me now.