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题型:阅读理解 题类:常考题 难易度:普通

四川省绵阳市2018-2019学年高一下学期英语期末考试试卷(含小段音频)

阅读理解

    Astronomers have taken the first ever image of a black hole, which is located in a distant galaxy (星系).The black hole is 500 million trillion km away and was photographed by a network of eight telescopes across the world. It was captured by the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT).

    The announcement was made in Washington, Brussels, Santiago, Shanghai, Taipei and Tokyo. Details have been published today in Astrophysical Journal Letters.

    Prof Heino Falckc, of Radboud University in the Netherlands, who suggested the experiment, told BBC News that the black hole was found in a galaxy called M87. "What we see is larger than the size of our entire Solar System," he said. "It has a mass 6.5 billion times that of the Sun. And it is one of the heaviest black holes that we think exists. It is an absolute monster, the heavyweight champion of black holes in the Universe."

    The image shows an intensely bright "ring of fire", as Prof Falckc describes it, surrounding a perfectly circular dark hole. The bright halo is caused by very heated gas falling into the hole. The light is brighter than all the billions of other stars in the galaxy combined - which is why it can be seen at such distance from Earth. The edge of the dark circle at the center is the point at which the gas enters the black hole, which is an object that has such a large gravitational pull (万有引 力),not even light can escape.

    "It is remarkable that the image we observe is so similar to that which we get from our theoretical calculations. So far, it looks like Einstein is correct once again." said Dr Ziri Younsi, of University College London -who is part of the EHT cooperation.

    Chinese scientists were involved in the observation through a telescope in Hawaii. They were also highly involved in follow-up data processing and theoretical analysis, said Shen Zhiqiang, head of the Chinese Academy of Sciences' Shanhai Astronomical Observatory and a member of the EHT international team.

    Shanghai and Taipei were selected as two of the cities to hold news conferences, together with Washington, Brussels, Santiago and Tokyo, a recognition of China's contribution.

    "In the fields of astronomy, radio astronomy, and space astrophysics, China has made a significant contribution to this global project," Falcke said.

(1)、What is the best title for the passage?
A、First Image of a Black Hole Taken B、How Einstein Discovered a Black Hole C、How a Black Hole Is Formed D、A Book about Black Holes
(2)、Who first got the idea for the project?
A、Shen Zhiqiang. B、Heino Falcke. C、Albert Einstein. D、Ziri Younsi.
(3)、Why are six cities selected for the announcement?
A、It was the first black hole ever discovered. B、It took eight telescopes to work together. C、It was a joint effort of many countries. D、It's the heaviest of black holes.
(4)、From the passage we know that in the experiment Chinese scientists      .
A、started the experiment B、led the experiment C、provided the equipment D、played an important role
(5)、What does Dr Ziri Younsi tell us about black holes in Paragraph 5?
A、Black holes can swallow up everything in the Universe. B、Scientists knew about black holes before they see them. C、Einstein has been proved wrong many times. D、Black holes might be some make-up stories.
举一反三
阅读理解

    One cold morning in winter, I went alone to a hillside to do some hunting. I sat there waiting for about an hour. Suddenly, a big beautiful deer appeared less than 20 feet away from me. There was no cover near him. Surely I could shoot him.

    To my surprise, he came toward me! He was curious, I suppose, or maybe he was stupid. For this was not a young deer, but a fully grown-up one. He must have known about men and their guns. But this deer came closer, and I still waited. His big eyes never moved away from my face. His wonderful head with a set of antlers (鹿角) was clearly in sight.

    I was getting a bit nervous as he walked closer. A big deer can do a lot of damage. Well, he walked right up to where I was sitting. Then he stopped and looked at me.

What happened next was hard to believe. But it all seemed quite natural. I held out my hands and touched his head right between the antlers. And he liked it. The big, wild, beautiful deer bent his head.

    I touched his head and body. His nose touched my shoulder. I fed him with my last sandwich.

    Well, he finally went his way, down the hill. Shoot him? Not me. You wouldn't, either. Not after that. I just watched him go, a strong deer carrying a proud head.

    I picked up my gun, and started walking back. Suddenly, I heard two shots, one after another. If you have hunted much, you will know what two shots mean. They mean a kill. I had forgotten that there were other hunters around.

    You will now understand why I gave up hunting from that day on.

阅读理解

Two women going on a journey to green their city is the best way to describe the founders of Utility, Portland's low-waste and reuse company. It started in January 2019 and opened its first retail shop in April. Its founders, Rebecca Rottman and Nadine Appenbrink, are deeply committed to sustainability and supporters of zero waste.

They started Utility as a second job for both and as a personal journey, looking for clean products that didn't come in plastic. Their goal is to reduce the amount of single-use plastics by allowing people to bring their own reusable containers when they buy environmental friendly home and personal care items.

Every week the women teamed up with local stores to sell their goods and to refill products for returning customers. Now they are operating only online for pickup or local delivery in the Portland area. It is really easy, the company said. Just shop online and choose a container. Then select pickup or delivery. The products include all-natural dish bar soap and a wide variety of plastic-free kitchen tools.

While not completely zero waste, Utility is striving to get extremely close. Appenbrink said, "We are all on a journey. And we want to be as approachable as possible. Utility is to raise awareness about this lifestyle." They are focused on careful growth because Utility will never ship products because of the carbon footprint involved in shipping.

There are zero waste stores in other communities, like Clean Kilo in Birmingham UK, but they are real brick and mortar (实体的) buildings. Utility's concept is so simple that it can be followed almost anywhere. Zero waste markets are the way to the circular economy that is needed to stop plastic waste, reduce our carbon footprint and have a sustainable future.

阅读理解

Freshmen at Central Valley High in Ceres had a busy week of good deeds, tied to Pay It Forward Day, April 30, and an urge to show the world that teens can be awesome.

Kids in Success 101 spent first period making sandwiches for the homeless. The classes, taught by Natalie Rowell and Becky Lynch, got to hand 200 bagged sandwiches to the charity giving out the food. "They got to really see what an impact they had. It was inspiring and heartwarming," Rowell said. Besides, students also made blankets to send to soldiers, and created 45 flower arrangements for senior people at the Hale Aloha Home in Ceres. "They were nervous going into it. But when they saw how happy the elderly were, the reality of what they did really surfaced," Rowell said.

Rowell said she liked working with children. get to see how they learn. "It's different from how we learn, but we're kind of the same because they struggle in some of the subjects that we find hard as well."

Success 101 was tailor-made for students with that kind of insight. The first-period class includes study help, speakers on teen subjects and an overall focus on looking past high school, figuring out the steps to create their future. "Some kids need that little push. In this class, that's what we do, we give them that little push," Lynch added. "Success would be beneficial for all ninth-grade students. Since the start of the year, I really see a change in them."

Raquel Alfaro, a teen participant who worked with the younger kids, likes the Pay It Forward idea. "This helps us show adults, and also kids, that we're doing something different and that we're not as mean and selfish as they think we are," Alfaro said.

 根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两处为多余选项。

You are what you wear. Clothes are important and necessary to us, but do you know how to choose suitable clothes in a correct way?{#blank#}1{#/blank#}. 

 When you go shopping and want to buy some clothes, you should think about which kind of clothes you really need and decide how much money you can spend on them.{#blank#}2{#/blank#}They tell you how to take care of the clothes. The label(标签) for a shirt may tell you to wash it in warm water. A sweater label may tell you to wash it in cold water. The label on a coat may say"dry cleaning only"and cleaning in water may destroy this coat.{#blank#}3{#/blank#}. 

 Many clothes today must be dry-cleaned.{#blank#}4{#/blank#}When buying new clothes, you had better check if they need to be dry-cleaned. You can save money if you buy clothes that can be washed or that are well made. Well-made clothes last longer. They still look good after they have been washed many times. 

Clothes that cost more money don't always mean they are better made.{#blank#}5{#/blank#}On the other hand, less expensive clothes may sometimes look better and fit you well.

A. Dry cleaning is expensive.

B. Here are some suggestions for you.

C. They may not fit you, either.

D. We need to know how to look after the new clothes.

E. If you do as the directions say on the label, you can keep your clothes looking their best.

F. Then look at the labels that are inside the new clothes.

G. The quality of clothes should be considered.

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