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题型:任务型阅读 题类:常考题 难易度:普通

江苏省南京市江宁区2018-2019学年高一下学期英语期末考试试卷

根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

    Studies show that human beings and cats have been living together for about 9,500 years.

     Dogs are domesticated, meaning they have been trained to do what people want them to do.

    As cat owners know well, cats do not obey humans in the same way dogs do.

    As a result, many people have come to think that maybe cats simply do not understand human language. A report in the scientific journal Nature shows that cats understand human beings well enough to recognize their own names.

    The report describes a series of experiments with house cats in Japan. These tests involved having people say four words that were similar to a cat's name.

    Each word had the same number of syllables as the name and some of the some sounds. The cats seemed to lose interest after the speaker said a few of the words.

    The cats moved their ears or turned their head when they heard their names. They also moved their feet gr bogies very little-not a surprising result.  These animals reacted just as much to their own names.

    The researchers thought this was because visitors may give food to the cat or rub its back when it responds. Another finding was that a cat will react when a person who is not its owner says its name.

    "I think many cat owners feel that cats know their names, or the word "food".says Saito, who is a cat owner.The researchers hope that the findings from their study will help both cats and people.

A.Then the person said the cat's name.

B.In fact, some scientists claim that cats have trained us to take care of them.

C.They added that perhaps cats can learn words to warn them of dangerous things or places.

D.Dogs have lived with humans longer than cats.

E.The study was carried out by four researchers: Atsuko Saito, Yuki Ito, and Toshikazu Hasegawa and Kazutaka Shinozuka of the RIKEN Center for Brain Science in Saitama.

F.But until now, there was no scientific evidence to back that up.

G.In another part of the experiment, people said the names of the cats staying in a cat cafe

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任务型阅读

    Johannes Gutenberg--the ploneer of the printing press

    Johannes Gutenberg was chosen to be the most important figure of the past millennium(千年) by the media(媒体). You may not be familiar with him.{#blank#}1{#/blank#}Gutenberg is praised for having invented the printing press and therefore preparing the way for printing books.

    He was born into a wealthy family in the city of Mainz, Germany. His early training was in goldsmithing. In 1428, he moved to Strasbourg and lived there for almost 20 years.{#blank#}2{#/blank#}Gutenberg used his skills in metalwork for the mass(大批量) production of books.{#blank#}3{#/blank#}That means that each copy of the Catholic bible(圣经) and all of its 73 books were painstakingly handwritten by men. Gutenberg fashioned a font(字体) of over 300 characters, far larger than the fonts of today. To make this possible, he invented the variable-width mold(模具) and perfected the mixture of materials used by type factories up to the present century.

    {#blank#}4{#/blank#}The between 1450 and 1455,while preparing to produce a large Latin Bible, Gutenberg is thought to have printed a number of smaller books, a calendar, and a papal Letter of Indulgence. The Bible of 42 Lines, the oldest surviving printed book in the Western world, was completed by August 15,1456.

    The invention of the modem printing press changed the way information was delivered.{#blank#}5{#/blank#}Even today in the computer age, we rely heavily on the printed word or text for instruction, information, and for the pleasure of reading literature.

A. Gutenberg made the world a much richer place

B. But he has certainly influenced your life in some ways

C. Gutenberg's idea was one of the greatest of all mankind

D. By 1450, Gutenberg was back in Mainz at work on a printing press

E. In fact, this invention contributed a lot of educating the masses(大众) worldwide

F. Before the spread of Gutenberg's idea, books were primarily handwritten

G. It was in Strasbourg that he probably made his first experiments with moveable type and printing

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Kids' health: Four steps for fighting stress

    Everybody gets stressed from time to time.{#blank#}1{#/blank#}Some ways of dealing with stress - like screaming or hitting someone - don't solve much.But other ways, like talking to someone you trust, can lead you to solving your problem or at least feeling better.

    Try taking these four steps the next time you are stressed:

    ⑴Get support.When you need help, reach out to the people who care about you.Talk to a trusted adult, such as a parent or other relatives.{#blank#}2{#/blank#}They might have had similar problems, such as dealing with a test, or the death of a beloved pet.

    ⑵Don't take it out on yourself.Sometimes when kids are stressed and upset they take it out on themselves.Oh, dear, that's not a good idea.Remember that there are always people to help you.Don't take it out on yourself.{#blank#}3{#/blank#}

    ⑶Try to solve the problem.After you're calm and you have support from adults and friends, it's time to get down to business.{#blank#}4{#/blank#}Even if you can't solve it all, you can solve a piece of it.

    ⑷Be positive.Most stress is temporary(暂时的).Remember stress does go away, especially when you figure out the problem and start working on solving it.

    These steps aren't magic, but they do work.And if you can stay positive as you make your way through a tough time, you'll help yourself feel better even faster.{#blank#}5{#/blank#}

A.Ask for a helping hand to get you through the tough situation.

B.Notice your friends' feelings and find a way to help them.

C.Different people feel stress in different ways.

D.Ah, it feels so good when the stress is gone.

E.You need to figure out what the problem is.

F.And don't forget about your friends.

G.Then, find a way to calm down.

根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

    As is known to everyone, we all care about what others think of us and want to be liked, {#blank#}1{#/blank#}However, there are also many smaller, simpler things you can do, which can affect how others view you.

    Prove you are paying attention.

    To really show someone your interest in him or her, try bringing up a topic the person mentioned earlier. Did your co-worker talk about working with his son on a science fair project last week? Follow up and ask how it went. {#blank#}2{#/blank#}In fact, sometimes it says more that you can recall and show interest in even the small happening in another person's life.

    Handle criticism in a wise way.

    While you want to be generous with your praise, be careful with your criticism. For example, if someone makes an error, don't call that person out in front of a group. {#blank#}3{#/blank#}Anyhow, be always gentle with criticism and only offer it when it's truly needed.

    Ask for advice.

    Asking someone for advice is a great way to get people to like you. It shows that you respect the other individual's opinion.{#blank#}4{#/blank#} When you make someone feel better about himself or herself, that person will most certainly end up liking you for it.

    {#blank#}5{#/blank#}

    Most people love to talk about themselves. If you are asking questions and getting people to talk about themselves, they'll leave the conversation thinking that you're the coolest.

A. Try to be confident and respectful.

B. Everyone likes to feel needed and important.

C. It doesn't have to be a big, life-changing event.

D. Ask other people about their lives and interests.

E. Always use an individual's name in a conversation.

F. You can discuss your own mistakes before digging into someone else's errors.

G. The basics of getting people to like you are obvious—be nice, considerate and polite.

根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

    There are so many words in English that learning all of them can seem difficult. To make things even more challenging, certain sounds are pronounced differently. {#blank#}1{#/blank#}

    Learn the vowel元音) sounds.

    In English, there are five main vowel letters: a, e, i, o, u. {#blank#}2{#/blank#}Each vowel letter has both a short sound(such as the a in "bat")or a long sound(such as the a in "play"). Learn and practice these different vowel sounds to help teach you how to pronounce certain words and to improve your English pronunciation.

    {#blank#}3{#/blank#}

    One of the most effective ways to learn a language is to listen to someone speaking it. Once you are familiar with how a language sounds, you will be able to start picking up on more sounds, words and phrases.

    Record yourself.

    {#blank#}4{#/blank#}To solve this problem and really see how you sound, try recording yourself. Use a smart phone or tape recorder to play back how you sound when you are speaking English.

    Get a spoken English tutor.

    To truly understand if you are saying and pronouncing things the right way, find someone who can practice with you and act as a spoken English tutor. {#blank#}5{#/blank#}

A. Break down words.

B. Listen to an English speaker.

C. Sometimes the letter "y" can make a vowel sound, too. .

D. How do you know if you are saying things correctly?

E. He or she will be able to correct you and teach you how to pronounce better.

F. Thankfully, there are tips that you can learn to make things a little easier.

G. Compare your English comprehension to someone else to see if you are doing it correctly.

根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

    How do parents teach children about money?How do you teach them to get rich?Likely, you do not have an answer because you would not call yourself rich. {#blank#}1{#/blank#}Here is what self-made millionaires tell their kids about wealth.

    You deserve to have wealth.

    This statement could be read as arrogant(傲慢的),when in fact it comes from a place of humbleness. Self-made millionaires teach their children that they deserve to be rich not because they were born into the right family but because they work hard to solve other people's problems.{#blank#}2{#/blank#}

    {#blank#}3{#/blank#}

    Having money gets rid of tons of the issues which people find themselves in when they do not have it. Not happy with your current living situation?You can pack up and leave. Do you hate your job?Why not start your own business. Upset about a global disaster?Donate what you can to the cause. Money allows you to enjoy life on your own terms.

    Nothing is guaranteed.

    {#blank#}4{#/blank#}They must create their own lives and futures. It's important to teach kids about self-reliance. Legally, kids have the right to have more and more things, but it's important to teach against these values.

    Solve problems to earn your wealth.

    In a free market economy, everyone is looking for a way to make money. If you come up with an idea to solve the world's problem, there will be a demand for it. The bigger the problem the more difficulty you might have getting it off the ground.{#blank#}5{#/blank#}Pairing your skills with problem solving could be the way towards wealth.

A. A big lesson self-made millionaires teach their kids is that the world owes them nothing.

B. Having wealth allows you to do something for others to earn your place.

C. When do you start teaching your children about money?

D. How do the rich approach this question?

E. But it could also make you very rich.

F. Even the blind can see money.

G. Wealth leads to freedom.

任务型阅读

Craftsmanship requires a great deal of time, patience and effort. {#blank#}1{#/blank#} Traditionally craftsmen develop their skills through apprenticeship to those masters of the craft who came before them. Although we don't often work that way in this day and age. There are few things that we can do to emulate the process.

Practice everyday design something new, walk through a tutorial work on a personal project. Whatever it takes to getting you working with the tools of your trade each day, the more you do something, the better (and faster) you become at doing it. {#blank#}2{#/blank#}

Learn to accept criticism and react appropriately. People have a hard time taking criticism of their work. You put so much effort into a piece. it can be difficult to hear that what you have done is not good enough. {#blank#}3{#/blank#} criticism isn't personal, you and your critics have the same goal, a quality product.

{#blank#}4{#/blank#}. As I mentioned earlier, this is where all of the difference is made. A true artisan is careful about the details. Take the time to add polish and style to the small things. That can easily go overlooked. Attentiveness to these details raises the quality of our work.

Design for the future. Items that exhibit the quality of craftsmanship are timeless, They are built well, and built to last. {#blank#}5{#/blank#} There are always new features in the software we use. People develop new tools that give us more possibilities. But despite the ever-changing face of this industry, it is possible to do work that has longevity.

A. Pay attention to the details.

B. Participate in quality discussion.

C. Trends and costumes change rapidly.

D. Building quality reputations is the key to building craftsmanship.

E. However, nothing will help you improve so much as a critic.

F. Practice is the most important part of developing the quality of craftsmanship.

G. So becoming a real artisan requires your continuous development of your craft.

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