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题型:阅读理解 题类:常考题 难易度:普通

北京市101中学2018-2019学年高一下学期英语期末考试试卷(含听力音频)

阅读理解

Young Americans Are Less Wealthy Than Their Parents

    The cost of living in the United States is going up, notes writer Alissa Quartz. As is reported in New York Post, Quartz points to "the costs of housing, education and health care in particular." At the same time, a new study, the report of which is called "The Fading American Dream" found that half of Americans born in the 1980s are falling behind their parents economically.

    These findings show that many younger adults are experiencing "downward mobility." In other words, they are not doing as well economically as their parents were at the same age. The idea of downward mobility is especially troubling for Americans, writes Robert Samuelson in The Washington Post. He says most U.S. citizens believe that, over time, the amount of money they earn will rise and life will get easier.

    Alissa Quartz wrote a book about the financial difficulties of Americans. In the book, Quartz tells about teachers who are struggling to pay for regular costs. One high school teacher drives for ride sharing service Uber at night to earn more money. He corrects students' papers between riders.

    A college professor turned to government assistance to feed her child and pay for a doctor. Quartz says even lawyers increasingly cannot earn an income that enables them to meet their needs. The problem of decreasing incomes in their field is made worse by debt they may have from law school. Quartz and the economists who studied these issues say many things have led to lower incomes and downward mobility. The economic recession(衰退) of 2007 to 2009 is partly to blame, they say. Modern technology also plays a part. Quartz says robots threaten to reduce the earnings of health care workers, reporters, and people who work at supermarkets, drug stores and tax preparation services. In The Washington Post, Robert Samuelson noted that poor schools, a weak housing industry and too many government rules are also to blame.

    With all these things, and more, partly responsible, what is the solution? These experts say the answer is complex. But all point to one issue that needs to be examined: economic inequality. Quartz writes that while America is one of the richest countries in the world, it also has one of the biggest divides between the wealthy and the poor.

    The researchers in "The Fading American Dream" study make a similar observation. They say raising GDP will not significantly improve the economic situation of most Americans. A higher GDP may help only those who are already doing well. Instead, the economists say, the United States could try to repeat something Americans born in the 1940s experienced. As those children grew up, they almost all benefited from a better economy.

(1)、The author mentions two reports in Paragraph 1 in order to ______.
A、explain the results of two researches B、introduce his opinions about the issue C、attract readers' attention to health care D、lead to the topic of downward mobility
(2)、What's the main idea of Paragraph 4?
A、The causes of downward mobility. B、The influences of government rules. C、The negative effects of modern technology. D、The results of economic recession in America.
(3)、The author indicates in this passage that________.
A、raising GDP will greatly help the poor B、American economy has a bright future C、young Americans will repeat their parents' experience D、it's necessary to narrow the gap between the rich and the poor
(4)、We can learn from the passage that in America, _______.
A、people miss the good old days in the 1940s B、people are suffering from a worse economy C、people are pessimistic about future economy D、people complain a lot about economic changes
举一反三
阅读理解
The Yale Peabody Museum is open:
Monday through Saturday 10:00 am to 5:00 pm
Sunday noon to 5:00 pm
The Museum is closed on New Year's Day,Easter Sunday, Independence Day,Thanksgiving Day, Christmas Eve, and Christmas Day.
Admission Fees:
$ 9.00—Adults
$ 8.00—Senior citizens 65 years and over
$ 5.00—Children ages 3 through 18, and college students with ID
$ 4.00—Group admission
To receive this reduced admission, groups must make a reservation at least 2 weekdays in advance.
More attention:
    Some halls may be closed to the public on weekday mornings for school group programs, so we recommend visiting after 1 pm on weekdays or at any time on the weekends.
    There is no canteen or lunchroom at the Peabody. Information on local eating places is available through our Restaurant Guide. Visitors are welcome to picnic on the lawns (草坪) around the Museum, Photography with handheld cameras is permitted in exhibition halls for personal use only; photography in The Ancient Age is prohibited (禁止) at all times.
    Highlights Tours of the Museum are offered every Saturday and Sunday at 12:30 and 1:30 pm. These 45-minute tours of the Yale Peabody Museum's exhibition halls are led by one of our specially trained volunteer guides.
    The Museum offers free individual admission on Thursday afternoons from 2:00 to 5:00 pm during the months of September to June.
    Admission is free to any individual with a valid Yale ID. Check out a Peabody Museum pass at your local library. A Museum pass will give you $ 5 off each admission for up to 4 people. Ask for it at your local library.
根据短文内容,选择最佳答案,并将选定答案的字母标号填在题前括号内。
阅读理解

    I will never forget the days when I met with my classmates. Early in the morning of our first school day, our professor introduced himself and challenged us to get to know someone we didn't know yet. I stood up look around when a gentle hand touched my shoulder. I turned round to find a wrinkled, little old lady beaming up at me with a smile that lit up her entire being.

    She said, “Hi handsome. My name is Rose. Can I give you a hug?”

    I laughed and enthusiastically responded, “Of course you may!” and she gave me a giant squeeze.

    “Why are you in college at such a young, innocent age?” I asked.

    She jokingly replied, “I'm here to meet a rich husband, get married, and have a couple of kids…”

    “No seriously,” I asked. I was curious what may have motivated her to be taking on this challenge at her age.

    “I always dreamed of having a college education and now I'm getting one!” she told me.

    After class we shared a chocolate milkshake. We became instant friends. Every day we would leave class together and talk nonstop. I was always mesmerized(迷住)listening to this “time machine” as she shared her wisdom and experience with me.

    At the end of the semester we invited Rose to speak at our football banquet. I'll never forget what she taught us.

    “There is only one secret to staying young. You've got to have a dream. When you lose your dreams, you die. We have so many people walking round who are dead and don't even know it! There is a huge difference between growing older and growing up. If I am eighty-seven years old and stay in bed for a year and never do anything I will turn eighty-eight. Anybody can grow older. That doesn't take any talent of ability. The idea is to grow up by always finding opportunity in change. Have no regrets. The elderly usually don't have regrets for what we did, but rather for things we did not do. The only people who fear death are those with regrets.”

    She concluded her speech by courageously singing The Rose. She challenged each of us to study the lyrics and live them out in our daily lives.

阅读理解

    From Dusner (3 speakers) to Kelabit (5 thousand) to Yiddish (1.5 million), these languages are spread, but like the Indian elephant, they are in danger of dying out. Dr. Chris Mazdzer, a researcher at Oxford University, organizing a meeting on endangered languages thinks there could be a novel way to keep minority languages alive: social media. He says, “Because young people text each other how they speak, even if they don't know how to spell it.”

    Minority languages are often at risk of being drowned(淹死)out by the bigger ones, which are spoken at school and in the media. But the appearance of Facebook and Twitter might just have the unexpected effect. Dr. Mazdzer speaks Frisian, which has 350,000 speakers. Communicating with his own language has given him thought about how languages could be saved in the future. “In Friesland, young people who don't learn much Frisian at school send each messages on social media in Frisian”, he says. In this way, a new generation of Frisian speakers keeps the language alive.

    Though many of these languages only have a few speakers, it's not just a small number of speakers that make a language endangered. Some languages were once widely spoken, but lost speakers over time. This can happen for many reasons, like only one language spoken in school or people moving away from their home and losing their language.

    Tweeting and texting in Frisian (or Sorbian, or Breton) is not enough in the long term, though. There are many other things we need to do. But why is a language worth saving in the first place? Because our languages are natural creations. Natural beauty needs to be protected.

阅读理解

    February 14th is Valentine's Day! In China, it is only a day for boyfriends and girlfriends. But my teacher and my friends in America told me that Valentine's Day is a public day.

    This was my first Valentine's Day in America. I didn't understand the customs clearly. Maybe I didn't need to send any gifts. I watched others to see what they did, so next time I can understand.

    On that day, when we began the reading class, Mr. Peters gave every student some chocolates and said, “Happy Valentine's Day!” I was very happy. The teacher gave his students gifts and blessings! I never saw that in China. Maybe American teachers are very different. I didn't buy a gift for the teacher, so I owed a gift to the teacher. Anyway, I want to say, “Thank you teacher, and I'm sorry.”

When we had a break, one of my classmates gave me a Pokemon card. It was very funny. I felt we were children. I thought I owed a gift again, but I felt thankful. It was another gift, but it was from my new classmate.

    When we were moving to our grammar class, suddenly I heard someone calling me, “Shelly!” I stopped. Another classmate who had only been in our class one day gave me some chocolates. She said, “These for you and your friends. Have a good day!” I was looking at her leaving and thinking she spoke Arabic. We were in the same class only one day, but now we are friends. That's very good, but I owed a gift again.

    When I came home, my Chinese friend sent some roses and chocolates. I was surprised and happy because I had never received roses in my past life, but I hoped it was the last gift. I didn't want to owe more gifts.

阅读理解

Your 2018 Reading List, Provided by Bill Gates

    Most of us can't live like billionaire Microsoft co-founder Bill Gates, but we can read like him. Gates recommended four books in 2018—though some were published earlier.

    Leonardo da Vinci, by Walter Isaacson (2017)

    The bestselling biographer of Steve Jobs and Albert Einstein researched deeply into da Vinci's contributions beyond art, highlighting the breadth of his scientific, technological, and creative output. “Leonardo nearly understood almost all of what was known on the planet at the time. That's mostly because of his curiosity about every area of natural science and the human experience,” said Gates.

    The Best We Could Do: An Illustrated Memoir, by Thi Bui (2017)

    Gates calls this graphic novel “really impressive”. Bui is the daughter of Vietnamese refugees who came to America after the fall of Saigon, and becoming a parent inspired her to look into her own parents' miserable history. “I was struck by how the experiences Bui illustrates manage to be both universal and specific to their circumstances,” said Gates.

    Lincoln in the Bardo, by George Saunders (2018)

    Saunders, a long-time short story writer, won high praise for this novel. The book imagines the ghosts that haunt (萦绕) the basement of Willie Lincoln, Abraham Lincoln's son, who died at 11 in real life. “Willie's death after the Civil War made the president have a new understanding of the grief he's creating in other families by sending their sons off to die in battle,” said Gates.

Origin Story: A Big History of Everything, by David Christian (2018)

    This new book is by the creator of Big History, a free, online social studies course. It traces history in wide, sweeping movements, starting with the Big Bang, and it provides, in effect, a short course in modern science. This is a brief history of the universe. “David gets a little stuck on the current economic and political problems in the West, and I wish he talked more about the role innovation will play in preventing the worst effects of climate change,” said Gates.

阅读理解

    When my father married my mother in 1943 he gave my mother a 1937 crown coin and told her to keep it in the back of her purse and not spend it. This would mean that she always felt that she was protected and would always have money if she really needed it.

    When I was married in 1970 my husband who had heard this story obtained a 1937 crown for me and I have always kept it in my wallet and I have always had enough for my needs.

    A friend recently fell on hard times partly through external (外部的) circumstances and partly through poor planning. Friends and I have loaned her money, paid her bills, even given her food and tried to teach her budget techniques, but none of them has been a solution. She has just slipped deeper and deeper into financial trouble and depression.

    Last week she looked pale and unwell, very depressed and hopeless. I then thought about how the crown, a reminder of another's care and love, had protected me so I went to the bank for a $100 dollar bill. I told my friend the story and asked her to keep the $100 in the back of her wallet. It turned out that she didn't have a wallet so she put the money in a little pencil case where she kept her coins. She immediately felt better. "I feel rich and thank you for being a good friend" she said and we were both a bit teary.

    The reason for passing this on is not to praise any generosity on my part but to show the power of "random acts of kindness". I went home and remembered a little wallet I had that I'd never used and thought "I'll give that to my friend." I opened it and inside found $100. The universe is very just and if your heart is open the reward always comes.

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