题型：阅读选择 题类：常考题 难易度：困难
北京市2019年九年级上学期英语期末测试卷
Since the first person walked on the moon in 1969, technology has greatly helped space exploration. In recent years scientists have built a special robot to accompany astronauts on space missions (任务). Because this robot looks and moves like a person, scientists call it a humanoid robot. The latest model of the humanoid robot is known as R2, short for Robonaut 2.
R2 was first launched into space on February 24, 2011. It was built by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and the car producer General Motors (GM).
R2 weighs 330 pounds and costs $2.5 million to build. It has arms and a head- filled with vision equipment—but no legs. Its "brain", or computer, is in its stomach. R2's arms can hold 20 pounds. Each bendable finger has 5 pounds of grasping force. R2's hands are also skillful. Since its hands are shaped like human hands, R2 can use human tools to complete tasks traditionally performed by astronauts." Astronauts absolutely have their day packed from the minute they wake up until they go to bed. If Robonaut can provide just an hour's worth of relief to the astronauts doing something they don't want to do, that would make it worth it right there," says Nic Radford, the deputy project manager of R2.
One advantage of working with R2 will be that ii can't complain about its work! Astronauts will also appreciate the fact that the robot can perform its duties without constant supervision (监管). R2 can be assigned a task and then checked on periodically. If R2 does not complete a task correctly, astronauts will be able to make minor adjustments to adapt (适应) the robot's behavior so that the task gets done right.
R2 is still in the design stage of development, which means that scientists are frequently testing it and looking for ways to improve it. Right now, humanoid robots do not have the protective equipment needed to work outside the space station. As technology advances, humanoid robots will be able to help astronauts with dangerous tasks as well as routine ones.
In the future, humanoid robots will be astronauts' eyes in space, going to places considered too difficult or unsafe for astronauts to explore. Some of them will be mounted on wheels to explore the surface of planets or asteroids (小行星). The robots will be able to send back videos and help astronauts gather information about the atmospheres of these places.
One outcome of using these humanoid robots will be a greater understanding of the interaction between humans and robots. NASA engineers believe that when humans and robots combine forces and work together, the results will be better than what either could achieve alone. John Olson, a director at NASA headquarters in Washington, D.C, says that the project will allow us to go farther and achieve more than we can probably even imagine today.
Eric London I went to climb the mountain s with my friends last weekend. The weather was warm. We took a walk in the mountains and saw quite a few animals. They were cute. There were lots of flowers. Janie New York City. I went to the countryside with my family and stayed there for about two weeks. The air there was clean. Every day, we fed the chickens, milked the cows, played with the dogs and went fishing. We had a good time. Linda Toronto I went to a beautiful beach with my classmates last summer. We stayed in a hotel near the sea. It was clean and quiet. We stayed there for five days. Every day we went swimming in the sea. Lu Jing Hangzhou I found the summer vacation was not so interesting as I imagined（想象）. It was very hot, so I had to spend most of the time staying at home, watching TV, listening to the radio and playing with my dog. Sometimes, I went to visit my relatives（亲属）. |
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