- 二一组卷

题型：阅读选择题类：真题难易度：困难

浙江省湖州市2019年中考英语试卷

阅读短文，从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A myth is something that is not correct, but many people believe. There are a lot of myths about the human brain.

One of the biggest myths is that we only use 10 percent of our brains. The next part of the myth is that if we can learn to use the rest of our brains, then we'll be much smarter. People say this all the time, but it's absolutely not true! The truth is that although we don't know everything about the human brain, we know that each part of it has an important function (功能). Modern scientists think the "10 percent myth" ridiculous(荒谬的).

The other most popular myth is about being "right brained" or "left brained". According to this myth, people who use the right side of their brains are more artistic and creative. People who use the left side of their brains are better at math and science. This is as popular as the 10 percent myth, and it's also wrong. In 2013, a study at an American university examined the right brain and left brain myth. According to the study, we use both sides of our brains equally (相等地).

It's true that we use different parts of our brains for different things. We use our left side for language more, and our right side when we need to pay attention. But there is no evidence (证据) that creative people use the right side more, or that scientific people use the left side more.

We've talked about myths, so let's look at a few interesting facts about the brain. First of all, the brain feels no pain. Second, about 75 percent of the brain is made of water. It's also the fattest organ in your body. Here's another interesting fact about the brain. Around the time you turn 18 years old, it stops growing.

（1）、The underlined word "This" in Paragraph 3 refers to ▲ .

A、the left brain myth B、the right brain and left brain myth C、the use of human brains D、the study of an American university

（2）、According to the facts mentioned in the passage, ________ may use the left brain more.

A、Robert, who is learning English B、Kate, who is drawing pictures C、Jenny, who is designing clothes D、Jacob, who is doing research

（3）、Which of the following is TRUE about the human brain?

A、It is growing all life long. B、The right side is used more by artists. C、Some parts of it are not used at all. D、Three quarters of it is made of water.

（4）、The passage mainly tells about ________.

A、the growing of the brain B、different functions of the brain C、right brain and left brain D、myths and facts about the brain

举一反三

    Thinking is something you choose to do as a fish chooses to live in water. To be human is to think. But thinking may come naturally without your knowing how you do it. Thinking about thinking is the key to critical(批判性的) thinking. When you think critically, you take control of your thinking processes（过程）. Otherwise, you might be controlled by the ideas of others. Indeed, critical thinking is at the heart of education.
    The word “critical”here has a special meaning. It does not mean taking one view against another view, as when someone criticizes another person for doing something wrong. The nature of critical thinking is thinking beyond the easily seen--beyond the pictures on TV, the untrue reports in the newspapers, and the faulty reasoning.
    Critical thinking is an attitude as much as an activity. If you are interested in life and want to dig deeper into it, you are a critical thinker. If you find pleasure in deep thinking about different ideas, characters, and facts, you are a critical thinker.
    Activities of the mind and higher-order reasoning（推理）are processes of deep and careful consideration. They take time, and do not go hand in hand with the fast speed in today's world: fast foods, instant coffee, and self-developing film. If you are among the people who believe that speed is a measure（尺度）of intelligence（智慧）, you may learn something new from a story about Albert Einstein. The first time Banesh Hoffman, a scientist, was to discuss his work with Albert Einstein. Hoffman was too nervous to speak. But Einstein immediately made Hoffman feel comfortable by saying, “Please go slowly. I don't understand things quickly.”

       I wonder whether there is any girl or boy who does not like to see a rainbow in the sky. It is so beautiful.
       There is a story, saying that whenever you see a rainbow you should run at once to the place where it touches the ground, and there you would find a pot of gold. Of course it is not true. You could not find the pot of gold or its end. No matter how far you run, it always seems far away.
       A rainbow is not a thing which we can feel with our hands as we can feel a flower. It is only the effect of light shining on raindrops. The raindrops catch the sunlight and break it up into all the wonderful colours which we see. It is called a rainbow perhaps because it is made up of raindrops and looks like a bow（弓).
    That is why we can never see a rainbow in a clear sky. We see a rainbow only when there is rain in the air and the sun is shining brightly through the clouds.
    Every rainbow has many colours in the same order. The first or the top colour is always red, and the next comes orange, then yellow, and last of all, blue. A rainbow is indeed one of the wonders of nature.

短文填空（注意：每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余项！）

a for bike by ride so live drive hundred take walk quick

There are two thousand and two {#blank#}1{#/blank#} students at Yuying Middle School. Every day they go to school in different ways. Some students {#blank#}2{#/blank#} far from the school. Every morning they need to get up {#blank#}3{#/blank#}, or they will be late. It takes them about {#blank#}4{#/blank#} hour to get to school. Some students live near the school. They often walk to school. They think walking is good {#blank#}5{#/blank#} their health. About one hundred students ride their {#blank#}6{#/blank#} to school because they like {#blank#}7{#/blank#} bikes very much and their homes are not very far from the school. No students goes to school {#blank#}8{#/blank#} car. How about the teachers? Well, some teachers always {#blank#}9{#/blank#} to school because they live about ten kilometers from school. Some teachers live near the school, {#blank#}10{#/blank#} they just get to school on foot.

阅读理解

Did you ever think about what life would be like in the future? You may get some idea from movies or the internet. The age of new technology* is coming to us. They are changing our way of life and making our life much easier and more interesting.

Robots can become cheerleaders*,too!

People often see cheerleaders in their everyday life. It's nothing new. But a Japanese company has made some cheerleading robots. On Dec 26, 2022, these robots were dancing for a two-day show at the company in Tokyo. At 36 cm tall, they stay on black balls to dance. The sensors* help them do this. More than that, they help the robots know where to go as well.

Feel free to change your car's color

Do you believe that one day, people can change the color of their cars? It's not a dream anymore! Think about this, you spend much money on a car but you can only have one color for it. Now with the BMW iX Flow, you can change the car's color! It uses E-Ink technology. Just a button*on an app can change its color. All you need is a mobile phone. Isn't it amazing? How much is it? We don't know yet.

Sleep with a smart bed

We all want good sleep at night. The Sleep Number 360 Smart Bed can be a good helper. You can choose how soft you want it to be. There is an app for it. The app gives information about your sleep and it also tells you how to sleep better. It costs from 999 to 5, 099 dollars.

Is that all? Of course not! Scientists are always working on new technologies, the world will be very different in the near future. Just wait and see!

阅读理解

It might sound like magic, but in February, a paralyzed(瘫痪的) patient was able to drink water on his own by controlling a special glove with his brain. The glove then acted as his hand. This was a success in brain-machine interface (BMI, 脑机接口) technology made by a team of Chinese scientists and doctors.

BMI refers to creating a connection between the human brain and external devices (外部设备), making communication between the brain and computers. For paralyzed people, BMI can allow them to move and do simple things by themselves.

On Oct 24, 2023, the team put a BMI chip (芯片) in the patient's head. The chip can receive neural signals (神经信号) from the brain.

After three months of home recovery (康复) training, the patient can now use his brain signals to control a special glove powered by air pressure. This helps him do things like drinking water independently.

BMI technology usually means putting chips directly onto the patient's brain. However, this project is minimally invasive (微创的), making sure the patient's brain is not harmed. So it is an important breakthrough. It also uses a wireless power supply(无线电源), so the implanted(植入的) device doesn't need a battery(电池).

Li Yuanning from Shanghai Tech University told CCTV News that BMI is now mainly used in the medical field to improve the lives of people with brain-related problems or speech difficulties.

In China, BMI technology is still in the early stages of research, with no products on the market yet. Some people are worried that tests may influence patients' independence and even who they are. Ethical concerns(伦理问题) related to BMI also need to be addressed. These include whether the patient has a clear understanding of what is going on when they agree to take part in the test.

同学们，大家进入初中已有半学期了，你一定又认识了许多新同学，结交了很多新朋友。请以"My New Friend"为题，结合以下提示用英语介绍一下你的一位新朋友Torn Smith吧。

要求：

1.作文要包含表格内容；

2.文中不得出现自己的真实姓名；

3.70词左右，可适当发挥。

①First name	…	⑤Family	parents, sister
②Last name	…	⑥Like	color, Sports
③Age	…	⑦Room	…
④Phone number	…	…

My New Friend

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