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题型:阅读理解 题类:常考题 难易度:普通

河南省洛阳市2018-2019学年高二下学期英语期中考试试卷

阅读理解

    Scientists have found an unexpected use for virtual reality headsets (耳机). The devices (装置), widely used by computer gamers, show pictures that can be used to test the navigational (导航的) skills of people, who were thought to be at risk of dementia (痴呆). Those who do worse in the tests will be the ones more likely to develop Alzheimer's disease later in life, scientists now believe.

    The discovery that the loss of navigational skills was associated with Alzheimer's was made several years ago by Dennis Chan and his colleagues based at several centers in the UK. These studies used computers to test navigational tasks. But now scientists plan to take their tests to a new level with the use of the virtual reality headsets in which wearers are placed in man-made environments through which they must navigate.

    Around 300 people, aged between 40 and 60, will be arranged to participate in the study. Some will have a gene that puts them at risk of the condition or will come from a family with a history of Alzheimer's. Not all will certainly be affected by the disease, however. Chan's project aims to find out who will. Wearing the headsets, participants will be asked to navigate their way through a series of different environments and then remember the details.

    Researchers recently pointed out the significance of a tiny area of the brain known as the entorhinal cortex (an important memory center in the brain). It acts as a center in a widespread brain network that controls navigation. This now appears to be the first part of the brain that seems to be easily harmed by Alzheimer's.

    The goal of the work is to help people as they develop the disease. "So far, drug trials for Alzheimer's have been applied when people have already got dementia, by which time considerable damage to the brain has already occurred," Chan told the Obsenver. "If we can develop drugs and use them earlier, for example, before the disease has spread beyong the entorhinal cortex, then this would have the potential to prevent the dementia."

(1)、What does the unexpected use of VR headsets mentioned in Paragraph 1 refer to?
A、Making games mor interesting for computer gamers. B、Testing ones potential to develop dementia. C、Helping people suffering Alzheimer's recover. D、Reducing the risk of harming chemicals.
(2)、What are the participants required to do in the study?
A、Know unfamiliar environments by using tablet computers. B、Identify directions in some man-made environments. C、Play computer games by using navigational skills. D、Create special environments by using navigational skills.
(3)、What's implied (暗示) about the entorhinal cortex in the brain?
A、Its functions have becn known for years. B、It can be expanded by using VR headsets. C、It can directly affect one's navigational skills. D、Its size depends on that of ones memory center.
(4)、From Chan's words, we can know ________.
A、he will spread the new drug B、he will try out the drug C、the study helps to prevent dementia D、the study still needs to be improved
举一反三
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Noticeboard

A

Computer problems?

Experienced IT engineer will sort out problems with home computers (PCs and Macs). Phone 'the Computer Doctor' now for a free estimate.

09651 325693


B

DRUMMER WANTED

For recently formed band. Must have ability and experience. We play mostly indie rock. Many songs already written. Some performances in local pubs in Nov/ Dec. Send details and sound samples to:

newband@hotmail.com

C

Babysitter wanted

For 2-year-old twins – occasional weekday evenings for up to six hours. Would be suitable for a student with some experience. £4.50 an hour.

Phone Jan on 719 873 466


D

Lost!!!

Small grey cat missing in Lees Hall area. She's frightened of dogs and teenage boys. If you see her, please, please phone:

09651 324472

We really miss her!


E

Get fit to the sound of Latin rhythms!

It's easier than you think and loads of fun. Join us TODAY!

Beginners classes:        Monday / Wednesday        11 - 12am

Intermediate classes:    Tuesday / Thursday            2 - 3pm

Advanced classes:        Monday / Wednesday        7 – 8pm

Come and book your place before September 25 at Lees Sports Centre


F

Room to Let

Two students looking for one more to share house. Own room with single bed, wardrobe, desk and chair. Near university campus and shopping centre. £250 per month + bills (including Wi-Fi). Non-smokers only.

Phone Luka on 719 533 857


G

PRESCO

Supermarkets


Part-time

supermarket work

Evening and weekend hours available. Experience of shelf-stacking an advantage but not essential.

Apply to the store manager

PRESCO. 32 Main Street, Lees Hall

阅读理解

    The horse I'm riding is named Candy, which is appropriate, taking account of her love for eating. As we go our way down the mountain of Big Bend National Park, Texas, I'm sweating—half due to the hot weather, half due to an effort to stay on the horse. Candy, however, is relaxed and stops to eat cactuses (仙人掌) as she passes. She is used to the dusty trails through hills and canyons(大峡谷) and ignores my attempts to guide her away from her delicious food. Our ride becomes a battle of will, which Candy wins easily. I comfort myself by admiring the views across Big Bend's wide open spaces.

    Texas only national park, Big Bend, extends across 800,000 acres of the Chihuahuan Desert, in the deep southwest of the state right along the border with Mexico. It is named after the U-turn that the Rio Grande River makes here. It has seen a lot of fights. The Spanish, Anglo-American settles, Mexicans, and Apache and Comanche American Indians all fought to rule this place.

    Our group member, Mike, knows every corner of the park and describes it as “sort of a secret place”. Even some Texans don't know about Big Bend, he says. Other local people describe it as a forgotten national park. Compared with the almost five million travellers that descend on the Grand Canyon every year, only 30000 make it here.

    There are six of us in the riding group, all fairly inexperienced, led by tour guides, Linda and Janelle, who keep both us and the horses in line. We trek along the top of an 800-foot mountain, with wide-winged eagles flying beside us. The air is noiseless.

    The park is fantastic for hikes and has a variety of marked walking paths. The walk is a five-mile round trip. While the final stretch is rather steep, the views over giant canyons and plains are worth the effort.

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    Sunday Cushion Concerts

    Times: 10 am.&11am.

    Tickets: $5 per person

    The regular Sunday Cushion Concerts introduce children and their families to different instruments and styles of music. Bring your own cushions and secure places by booking in advance! Tickets are available to book over the phone 01865 325325.

    Christmas Show: The Elves (精灵) and the Shoemaker

    17-22 December 2019

    Tickets: $7 per person

    A poor shoemaker is down on his luck, but as Christmas draws close, a simple act of kindness inspires some magical elves to offer their services. Their amazing shoes attract customers from far and wide, earning the shoemaker fame and fortune! But how will he ever repay them?

    This classic story is brought to life for 3-to 7-year-olds and their families. Please book in advance to secure places! For other details, call us at 01865 325331.

    Moving Music

    Michaelmas Term Concert: 6 October 2019

    Times: 11:30am & 2pm

    Tickets: $5 per person

    Please reserve your places in advance, and pay on the door.

    This series of concerts is designed especially for people living with dementia(痴呆), and their families, friends, and carers, to enable them to enjoy a concert experience together and to help unlock memory and movement through the power of music. Concerts are held approximately every three months.

    For more details or to arrange access for transport: Phone 01865 286660.

    Turtle Key Opera

    Friday mornings in Trinity Term: April-June 2019

    Turtle Song is FREE to all participants. To sign up or for more information contact Turtle Key Arts on 01865 525265.

    Turtle Song is an opportunity to compose and sing your own songs with professional musicians. The group will meet weekly over a nine-week period between April and June 2019. The aims are to help people with all forms of dementia and people with memory problems.

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    Around the world, 62 million girls are not in school. The White House's Let Girls Learn effort aims to change that.

    At 13, Hawa Abdulai Yorke left her family's home, in Ghana, Africa, to live with an aunt who promised to send her to school. Instead, the aunt put Yorke to work as her maid. Determined to go to school, Yorke returned home and began selling water in a nearby city to raise
money for her education. She did that for three years. What hurt most was that her father had the money to pay the school fees. But he chose to spend the money on a motorcycle.

    Yorke's story is familiar to girls growing up in Ghana. There, a girl's place is in the home. Educating girls is considered a waste of money.

    “It happens more than it should, where parents have money to send their girls to school but choose not to,” says Ryan Roach, a Peace Corps volunteer in Ghana, where nearly 55% of girls are not enrolled in secondary school. “Cultural beliefs say education is not a wise investment(投资)”

    The White House's Let Girls Learn is working to change this view of girls' education, in Ghana and in countries worldwide. First Lady Michelle Obama says parents have to be persuaded that girls' education is a better investment than marriage or household labor. A World Bank study backs that up. It shows that for every year of secondary-school education, a girl's earning power increases by 18%.

    Today, Let Girls Learn works in 13 countries, and there are plans to expand the program. Recently, Let Girls Learn hosted a 24-hour event at which girls in different parts of Ghana joined Peace Corps volunteers, tech experts, and university students to brainstorm creative solutions for the barriers to girls' education. Yorke's team came up with an idea for an app that sends a recorded message to parents' phones from a Ghanian celebrity about the benefits of girls 
attending school.

    Yorke, now 22, is about to finish high school. Thanks to Let Girls Learn, she plans to attend college and study computer science. She says working alongside women college students at the Let Girls Learn event strengthened her determination. “I'm focused on my books,” says Yorke. "I know if I study hard, I, too, can go to the university and live a happy life."

阅读理解

    The greatest recent changes have been in the lives of women. During the twentieth century there was an unusual shortening of the time of a woman's life which was spent in caring for children. A woman marrying at the end of the 19th century would possibly have been in her middle twenties. They would be likely(可能) to have seven or eight children and four or five of them lived till they were five years old. By the time the youngest was fifteen, the mother would have been in her early fifties and would expect to live a further twenty years. During the twenty years, chances and health made it unusual for her to get paid work.   

    Today women marry younger and have fewer children. Usually a woman's youngest child will be fifteen when she is forty five and is likely to take paid work until they are sixty. Even while she has to take care of children, her work becomes easier by eating fast foods and using washing machines , cleaning robots and so on.

    This important change in women's way of life has only recently begun to play a role in their position.   Even a few years ago most girls left school at the first chance and most of them took a full- time job. However, when they married, they usually left work at once and never returned to it. Today the school -leaving age is sixteen. Many girls stay at school after that age, and though women are likely to marry younger, more married women stay at work at least until their first child is born. Many people return to full or part-time work after that. Such changes have caused a new relationship in the family, with both the husband and the wife accepting a great share of the duties and satisfactions of family life, and with both the husband and the wife sharing more equally in supporting the family, according to the abilities and interests of each of them.

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