阿司匹林(
)是一种用于解热镇痛的抗炎药。实验小组对无催化剂合成阿司匹林产率的影响因素进行了探究。
【进行实验】
取水杨酸和乙酸酐于烧瓶中,在不同温度下,采用
的转速进行磁力搅拌(如图),反应一段时间后冷却结晶、洗涤干燥,称量阿司匹林的质量,并计算产率。实验记录如下。
![](http://tikupic.21cnjy.com/ct20241o/e0/1c/e01c7feaf6e0985a36490707c38cdd35.png)
实验序号 | 水杨酸的质量![](http://math.21cnjy.com/mml2svg?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmo%3E%2F%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmtext%3Eg%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E) | 乙酸酐的体积![](http://math.21cnjy.com/mml2svg?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmo%3E%2F%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmtext%3EmL%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E) | 温度![](http://math.21cnjy.com/mml2svg?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmo%3E%2F%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmo%3E%E2%84%83%3C%2Fmo%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E) | 反应时间![](http://math.21cnjy.com/mml2svg?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmo%3E%2F%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmtext%3Emin%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E) | 产率![](http://math.21cnjy.com/mml2svg?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmo%3E%2F%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmtext%3E%25%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E) |
① | ![](http://math.21cnjy.com/mml2svg?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmn%3E3.5%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
| ![](http://math.21cnjy.com/mml2svg?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmn%3E3.5%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
| 85 | 20 | ![](http://math.21cnjy.com/mml2svg?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmn%3E63.73%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
|
② | ![](http://math.21cnjy.com/mml2svg?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmn%3E3.5%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
| ![](http://math.21cnjy.com/mml2svg?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmn%3E3.5%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
| 85 | 25 | ![](http://math.21cnjy.com/mml2svg?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmn%3E75.25%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
|
③ | ![](http://math.21cnjy.com/mml2svg?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmn%3E3.5%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
| ![](http://math.21cnjy.com/mml2svg?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmn%3E3.5%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
| 85 | 30 | ![](http://math.21cnjy.com/mml2svg?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmn%3E45.64%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
|
④ | ![](http://math.21cnjy.com/mml2svg?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmn%3E3.5%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
| ![](http://math.21cnjy.com/mml2svg?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmn%3E2.4%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
| 85 | 25 | ![](http://math.21cnjy.com/mml2svg?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmn%3E29.81%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
|
⑤ | ![](http://math.21cnjy.com/mml2svg?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmn%3E3.5%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
| ![](http://math.21cnjy.com/mml2svg?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmn%3E4.7%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
| 85 | 25 | ![](http://math.21cnjy.com/mml2svg?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmn%3E58.77%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
|
⑥ | ![](http://math.21cnjy.com/mml2svg?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmn%3E3.5%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
| ![](http://math.21cnjy.com/mml2svg?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmn%3E3.5%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
| 75 | 25 | ![](http://math.21cnjy.com/mml2svg?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmn%3E43.44%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
|
⑦ | ![](http://math.21cnjy.com/mml2svg?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmn%3E3.5%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
| ![](http://math.21cnjy.com/mml2svg?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmn%3E3.5%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
| 95 | 25 | ![](http://math.21cnjy.com/mml2svg?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmn%3E19.93%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
|
【解释与结论】
(1)1个
分子中共有{#blank#}1{#/blank#}个原子。
(2)①②③的目的是探究{#blank#}2{#/blank#}对无催化剂合成阿司匹林产率的影响。
(3)得出“乙酸酐的体积对无催化剂合成阿司匹林的产率有影响”的结论,依据的一组实验是{#blank#}3{#/blank#}(填实验序号)。
(4)依据表中数据分析,无催化剂合成阿司匹林的最佳实验条件是
水杨酸、
乙酸酐、温度为{#blank#}4{#/blank#}、反应时间为{#blank#}5{#/blank#}。
【反思与评价】
(6)在上述实验的基础上,关于合成阿司匹林还可以研究的问题是{#blank#}9{#/blank#}。