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题型:阅读选择 题类:常考题 难易度:困难

浙江省湖州市德清县2018-2019学年八年级上学期英语期末考试试卷

阅读理解

    Do you know the whales in the sea? There are many relatives(亲属) in the whale family and they always live together with whales.

    Few people know dolphins(海豚) are part of the whale family. Dolphins are not fish. They are mammals(哺乳动物). They breathe air, and they have babies and feed them with milk. Dolphins are famous for their wonderful shows. They can jump high out of the water and show turns in the air. These jumps give the dolphins time to breathe.

    Porpoises(鼠海豚) are also in the whale family and are quite like dolphins. But they are different in the size and shape of the mouth. The dolphin's mouth is long and thin, but the porpoise's is short and thick. Dolphins are also more talkative than porpoises. Dolphins make sounds to talk with each other under water. But porpoises do not do this. Both of them are smart and friendly to humans.

    Not all the members of the whale family are friendly. Big whales are much easier to be angry than smaller dolphins or porpoises. An angry whale can be dangerous. Perhaps this helped to create the story of Moby Dick that sank (使下沉) a ship and made all the people on it die in the sea.

(1)、According to the passage, the porpoise     .
A、is a kind of mouse B、is friendly to humans C、is much bigger than the dolphin D、has a longer nose than the dolphin
(2)、What can we learn from the passage?
A、Dolphins and porpoises have great differences in their habits. B、Whale families often like swimming and living in groups. C、Porpoises make sounds to communicate with one another under water. D、Dolphins jump high out of the water to have fun.
(3)、The underlined part "Moby Dick" in the last paragraph is probably     .
A、a ship B、a dolphin C、a porpoise D、a whale
(4)、Which is the best title for the passage?
A、Food that Whales Eat B、Whales' Eating Habits C、Members of the Whale Family D、Differences Between Dolphins and Porpoises
举一反三
 阅读下面材料,然后从各题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。

As is known to us, microbes (微生物) help us do lots of things here on the earth. They can make bread rise and treat some illnesses among many other things. Researchers have done lots of experiments (实验) with microbes in space. And their latest findings show that these microbes could be very helpful for us to learn more about space.

Last summer, the European Space Agency did an experiment at the International Space Station. In this experiment, three kinds of microbes were tested on their ability to pull REES (稀土元素) out of rocks in three different kinds of gravity (重力).

This way of using microbes to get materials from rocks is known as bio-mining (生物开采). We've been doing it for some time here on the earth, mainly to get gold and other materials. But here comes a serious question. Would it work in space? These researchers found the proper answer in their experiments.

The results were encouraging. Of the three kinds of microbes. one was able to pull 14 kinds of REES out of rocks in all three kinds of gravity. The rocks used in the experiment were made of a kind of rock that is commonly found on the earth, Mars and the moon.

While the results might be useful, how can they help us learn more about space? For one thing, space research in the future will require us to find materials on the moon and Mars. Therefore, we are able to use these things to continue our research efforts. And bio-mining can help us do this cheaply and easily. It's one of the exciting news to the scientific field.

 阅读下面短文,根据短文内容从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项

①Where have those traditional hour-and-a-half-long films from the old days gone? In recent years, we've seen more and more big Hollywood films run for three hours or more. 

②There were films like Avatar: The Way of Water(《阿凡达:水之道》) that lasted three hours and 10minutes, and Oppenheimer(《奥本海默》) that went on for three hours and nine seconds. On Oct 20, Martin Scorsese's Killers of the Flower Moon(《花月杀手》) went for about three and a half hours. When it came out at the Cannes Film Festival in May, some people got sleepy, and there was a long line for the restroom. People started asking: Why have films become so long?

③Franchises(特许经营权)are one driver of longer films as studios(工作室) want to make the most out of their expensive intellectual property(知识产权), said The Economist. The hope is that a great, longer film will draw audiences away from streaming platforms(流媒体平台) and into cinemas. This. plan has often paid off: Avengers: Endgame(《复仇者联盟:终局之战》), Marvel's three-hour superhero film, was the highest-grossing(票房最高的) film in 2019. 

④Also, longer films have to do with the growing influence of directors. Studios have given famous directors, like Nolan and Scorsese, greater creative freedom. Otherwise, streaming platforms may lure (诱惑) the famous directors away. They do not have to worry as much about the length because viewers can pause at will, noted Vanity Fair《名利场》. 

⑤However, longer running times also bring some problems. Cinemas can play fewer films because a three-hour film takes up more screen time. The audience may choose streaming platforms instead of going to the movies. 

 阅读下列短文, 从下面每小题的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

28th July, 1973, is a big day for fish. Two little mummichogs(花鳉) became the first fish in space. They lived in a plastic bag aboard Skylab. Three weeks later, they learned how to swim in zero gravity(零重力).

51 years later, four zebrafish are now swimming aboard China's Tiangong Space Station. This is for a space experiment to see how very little gravity changes how fish live and grow.

 We know people feel weightless in space. But very little gravity can cause more changes. It affects almost all our body activities. If we' re going to live more in space in the future, we need to understand these changes. People are hard to study though. So, scientists study fish instead.

 Zebrafish have helped us learn about living things. They may seem different, but have many similar body parts with us. "Their bodies often work like ours," explains Aaron van Loon, a biologist at the University of Washington.

 Zebrafish are also small and easy to take care of. And, they' re clear before they are born. Scientists can look inside them while they' re growing.

 Zebrafish have been in many medical studies. In space too, they' re studied since the 1970s. In 2015, zebrafish on the International Space Station helped learn how muscles get weak in very little gravity.

 Like astronauts, fish are carefully picked for space trips. They always have a job to do. Our little friends in water are helping us learn to travel in space safely.

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