{#blank#}1{#/blank#}We achieve it actively by direct experience, by testing and proving an idea, or by reasoning. We achieve knowledge passively by being told by someone else. Most of the learning that takes place in the classroom and the kind that happens when we watch TV or read newspapers or magazines is passive. Conditioned as we are to passive learning, it's not surprising that we depend on it in our everyday communication with friends and co-workers.{#blank#}2{#/blank#} It makes us tend to accept what we are told even when it is little more than hearsay and rumor.

    Did you ever play the game Rumor? It begins when one person writes down a message but doesn't show it to anyone. Then the person whispers it, word for word, to another person. That person, in turn, whispers it to still another, and so on, through all the people playing the game. The last person writes down the message word for word as he or she hears it. Then the two written statements are compared.{#blank#}3{#/blank#}．

    {#blank#}4{#/blank#} The simple fact that people repeat a story in their own words changes the story. Then, too, most people listen imperfectly. And many enjoy adding their own creative touch to a story, trying to improve on it, stamping it with their own personal style. Yet those who hear it think they know.

    {#blank#}5{#/blank#} A statement of opinion by one writer may be restated as a fact by another, who may in turn be quoted by yet another; and this process may continue, unless it occurs to someone to question the facts on which the original writer based his opinion or to challenge the interpretation he placed upon those facts.

A. Typically, the original message has changed.

B. Finally everybody gets the meaning.

C. Unfortunately, passive learning has a serious problem.

D. Knowledge is passed down from generation to generation.

E. That's what happens in daily life.

F. This process is also found among scholars and authors.

G. We can achieve knowledge either actively or passively.

    Black Friday is the day after Thanksgiving Day and the Friday before Cyber Monday in the United States. It is a busy shopping day and is a holiday in some states. Many people have a day off work on Black Friday. Some people use this to make trips to see family members or friends who live in other areas or to go on vacation.{#blank#}1{#/blank#}

    Shopping for Christmas presents is also popular on Black Friday. Many stores have special offers and lower their prices on some goods, such as toys.

    {#blank#}2{#/blank#}Many people take a day of their annual leave on the day after Thanksgiving Day. Many organizations also close for the Thanksgiving weekend.

    Public transport systems may run on their normal schedule or may have changes.{#blank#}3{#/blank#}There can also be congestion (拥挤）on roads to popular shopping destinations.

    Black Friday is one of the busiest shopping days in the USA.{#blank#}4{#/blank#}One theory is that the wheels ofvehicles in heavy traffic on the day after Thanksgiving Day left many black markings on the road surface, leading to the term Black Friday.

    The other theory is that the term Black Friday comes from an old way of recording business accounts.{#blank#}5{#/blank#}Many businesses, particularly small businesses, started making profits before Christmas. Many hoped to start showing a profit, marked in black ink, on the day after Thanksgiving Day.

A. Black Friday is a public holiday in some states.

B. Black Friday is a shopping day for a lot of reasons.

C. Losses were recorded in red ink and profits in black ink.

D. Others use it to start shopping for the Christmas season.

E. Some stores extend their opening hours on Black Friday.

F. As time goes on, a new explanation of black Friday has become popular.

G. There are two popular theories as to why the day after Thanksgiving Day is called Black Friday.

    How to Adjust to a New School

    School is a base for students, where they learn to succeed{#blank#}1{#/blank#}When you go to a new school, you might worry that you don't know anyone. You worry that you might get lost, or if the teachers are strict. Here are some ways to help you adjust to a new school.

    Get to Know the School

    Before you start the school, go with your parents to visit the school{#blank#}2{#/blank#}

    Prepare for the First Day

    {#blank#}3{#/blank#}Being well rested will help you remove(去除) any nervousness you may be feeling. Try to get at least 8 to 9 hours of sleep if you're between 7 and 17 years old.

    {#blank#}4{#/blank#}

    Make sure you leave lots of time in the morning to get to school. You don't want to be rushing into your classroom after the bell rings. Arriving early may also give you a chance to chat with a few other students and hopefully make a few new friends.

    Make friends

    Take part in activities. Sign up for activities like drama, sports or chess club. This will put you into smaller groups with people who have the same interests as yours.{#blank#}5{#/blank#} You might even be able to teach some other kids about how to do something.

A. Go to school on time

B. Leave early for school

C. Find out where your classroom will be, as well as other important places.

D. Start off your first day of school with a good night's sleep.

E. Learning the rules of the school will help you adjust and will keep you out of trouble.

F. But adjusting to a new school can be difficult.

G. This will also give you a chance to show your skills at sport or other activities.

Writing A Letter To Your Future Self

    Just imagine writing a letter to your future self 5 years from now, then opening it at that exact moment to see how much of it has come true.{#blank#}1{#/blank#}

    As you read the letter in the future, you can assess how many things agree with your expectations in the past.{#blank#}2{#/blank#} Often times, the goals we set and our goal achievement process are affected by a lot of changes along the way. The letter lets you recognize how your current idea differs from the past.

    In addition to that, at the very moment you are writing the letter, your thoughts are stored right there in those words. When you open the letter in the future, you as your future self gets to compare how you used to be in the past with how you are now.{#blank#}3{#/blank#} It's very interesting to do so.

    Take out a pen and paper right now and start writing your letter to your future self. Set a time period to write to. {#blank#}4{#/blank#} Then start writing. Think about the type of person you will be, your place in life, what you will have realized then, and so on.

    {#blank#}5{#/blank#} Put it in a safe space where no one can find it. When you open this sometime in the near future, you might gain additional insights(了解) about yourself and your journey in the past few years.

A. And you can think about why that's the case.

B. It is a useful tool to be used in goal achievement.

C. Imagine how you will be like during that time period.

D. If you haven't, join me in writing a letter to yourself.

E. This lets you see how much things have changed since then.

F. At the end of the letter, write the date to open it on the cover.

G. It wasn't until we moved into our new house that I found it again.

    Natural sites and historic buildings,when left alone,can slowly be in bad condition.{#blank#}1{#/blank#}For these reasons we must protect them.

    “World Heritage" is the title given to places chosen from natural sites and buildings around the world. These places are considered special,valuable and require protection. They may be places of nature or cultural heritages that are the pride of the people in the country{#blank#}2{#/blank#} Each is a treasure of our planet that must be protected for us and our future generations.

    Even extremely beautiful natural environments can be in bad condition if they are left alone{#blank#}3{#/blank#}For instance,the Galapagos Islands are now protected by rules that stop people from bringing or removing plants and animals to or from the islands, moving rocks and touching the animals. In the US,people are not allowed to visit Grand Canyon National Park by vehicle. It aims to protect the park's environment from the gas produced by cars{#blank#}4{#/blank#} Australia is making stricter laws to prevent agricultural chemicals from flowing into the ocean near the Great Barrier Reef. Efforts are also being made to protect Natural Heritage sites in Japan. In Shiretoko,only a small number of people are allowed to walk on its nature path at the same time{#blank#}5{#/blank#}

A. They may also be home to endangered species（物种）．

B. Today there are 183 Natural Heritage sites around the world.

C. People can change these places too,just as the wind and rain can.

D. Natural Heritage is valued for geographical characteristics and beautiful scenery.

E. That's why measures are being taken around the world to protect them.

F. It can reduce the risk of people accidentally stepping on valuable plants.

G. There are even security guards there who can arrest people that break the rules.

    The goal of homework is to help students remember and understand what they learned in school that day. It can also help teach them independence and time-management and planning skills, which are keys to success in the real world.{#blank#}1{#/blank#} Here are some successful habits of how to do a good job of homework.

Set the stage.

    Your children need a quiet spot to do their homework.This should be the same place every day, whether it is at the kitchen table or at their desk in their room.{#blank#}2{#/blank#}You can take the time to work on a quiet task of your own, whether it's paying bills, reading the newspaper, or planning the next day.

Time it right.

    Homework for young children should be done when your children get home from school, because the information is still fresh in their minds and they have enough energy. Have your kids eat some snacks and talk about their day with you.Then have them start their homework.{#blank#}3{#/blank#}

It's not your homework: it's theirs.

    You need to be involved in homework to see what your children are learning and how well they know what they need to know.{#blank#}4{#/blank#}But guide them if they are struggling. You want them to get the feeling of pride and accomplishment on their own.

    {#blank#}5{#/blank#}

    Let your children know how grown up it is for them to have homework and how proud you are of them. Try to instill (灌输）into them that it is “fun” to be able to do the assigned tasks. Let them show you their work, praise them for finishing their homework, and always do it with a smile.

A. Be hopeful and confident.

B. Get excited and be positive.

C. Be nearby while they do their homework.

D. Be sure not to do the homework for your children.

E. That means the television is shut off, even for you.

F. A small amount of homework also has a great influence on students.

G. Arrange other activities for later in the day so kids can get their homework done first.