题型:阅读理解 题类:常考题 难易度:普通
广东省汕头市下蓬中学2017-2018学年高二上学期英语期中考试试卷
Say you're in the supermarket parking lot,holding your baby,bags of goods,and trying to open your car. A stranger walks up and says," Here,let me hold your baby." Should you let him?
According to a new New York University study,knowing whether or not to trust someone is so important that we can tell whether a face is trustworthy before we even consciously know it's there. The researchers knew from previous studies that people are fairly similar when it comes to how they judge a face's trustworthiness. They wanted to find out whether that would be true if people only saw a face for a quick moment—an amount of time so short that it would prevent making a conscious judgment.
To carry out their study,the researchers monitored the amygdala (扁桃腺结构) of 37 volunteers while showing them 300 faces for 33 milliseconds each. Those faces had already been tested with a different set of 10 subjects,who saw them for much longer. In those earlier tests,people agreed about whether to trust each face. In this new study,fascinatingly,different parts of the amygdala lit up when a subject saw an untrustworthy face and a trustworthy one—and it lit up more when the face in question was suspicious (可疑的).
" Faces that appear likely to cause harm are suddenly tracked by the amygdala,so it could then quickly change other brain processes and make fast responses to people—approach or avoid," says Jon Freeman,the study's senior author. "Our talents for making instant judgments could either come from birth or be learned from the social environment."
So should you trust the guy in the parking lot? Your brain already knows.
Certain activities can be good or bad for our brains, so let's see which of the seven habits you should carry on doing or give up.
Sitting still When we sit for long periods (more than three hours), our inactivity decreases the blood flow to the brain and the oxygen supply. This decreases brain activity in the part of the brain we use for thinking, organizing and decision-making. Action: Relax the brain by getting up to stretch and move around every 30 minutes. |
Staying curious Learning new skills leads to better understanding - the brain's ability to form new connections between existing neurons(神经元). Action: Why not take up a musical instrument or an evening class? |
Fast food The quickest way to jam our brains is to fill our bodies with fast food. Too much salt leads to more brain illnesses. Action: Eat fresh and green food as much as you can. |
High-quality sleep Studies have shown being deprived(剥夺)of sleep for 24 hour decreases memory and concentration. But regular, restful sleep improves memory. Action: Try and go to bed before midnight and aim for 7-8 hours' sleep. |
Being overweight Obesity does great harm to the brain and is also a risk factor for cognitive(认知的)decline. Action; Try to lose some weight if you are too fat |
Drinking alcohol regularly Regular drinking lowers the levels of serotonin (血清素) in your brain and can make you depressed. Action: Many medical experts recommend taking regular days off from drinking to ensure you don't feel sad and don't become addicted. |
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