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题型:任务型阅读 题类:常考题 难易度:普通

黑龙江省大庆铁人中学2018-2019学年高二上学期英语开学考试试卷

任务型阅读

    Q & A

    Question:I have recently got a senior position within my company. One of my new tasks is to make monthly progress reports on my department in front of other senior officials. During my first meeting,I presented and then opened the floor to questions.  My first reaction was to answer defensively. Later I realized that I shouldn't have felt that way. But how can I keep cool and effectively answer questions in this type of settings?

    Answer:Congratulations on your new position!Presenting in front of your peers(同事) is a hard task in itself,and it becomes much more difficult when a question and answer period is required. Question -and-answer periods are a great way to clarify the message and strengthen key points.  

     

    When a person is asking a question,show interest and a desire to understand the question by listening and asking for clarification.

    Buy time.

    When facing a hard question,most people can't give an answer immediately. Buy time by repeating the question in your own words. These techniques allow you to quickly organize your thoughts as well as to make sure you will be correctly answering the question.

    Suggest a private meeting.

    A one-on-one meeting is a calmer setting than speaking in front of your peers.

A. Show your true interest.

B. Restate the question with respect.

C. Some ideas can be quite concrete.

D. There were many difficult questions.

E. It can also be more effective in exchanging ideas.

F. You may also ask for clarification(澄清、说明) on the question.

G. Here are some ideas that can help you prepare for your next meeting.

举一反三
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

    It's normal to wake briefly during the night. {#blank#}1{#/blank#}But if you're waking up during the night and having trouble falling back asleep, the following tips may help.

    Stay out of your head. The key to getting back to sleep is continuing to prepare your body for sleep, so remain in bed in a relaxed position. Hard as it may be, try not to stress over the fact that you're awake , because that very stress and anxiety encourage your body to stay awake. {#blank#}2{#/blank#}

    {#blank#}3{#/blank#} If you are finding it hard to fall back asleep, try a relaxation technique such as visualization, deep breathing, or meditation, which can be done without even getting out of bed. Remind yourself that although they're not a replacement for sleep, rest and relaxation still help refresh your body.

    Do a quiet, non-stimulating activity. If you've been awake for more than 15 minutes, try getting out of bed and doing a quiet, non-stimulating activity, such as reading a book. Keep the lights dim so as not to think that it's time to wake up. {#blank#}4{#/blank#} A light snack might help relax you, but be careful not to eat so much that your body begins to expect a meal at that time of the day.

    {#blank#}5{#/blank#} If you wake during the night feeling anxious about something, make a brief note of it on paper and postpone worrying about it until the next day when you are fresh and it will be easier to resolve.

A. Make relaxation your goal, not sleep.

B. Put off worries and troubles.

C. Use a flashlight to go to the bathroom at night.

D. In fact, a good sleeper won't even remember it.

E. Also avoid screens of any kind—computers, TVs, cell phones, iPads,

F. You'll be much more productive and creative after a good night's sleep.

G. A good way to stay out of your head is to focus on the feeling in your body.

任务型阅读

    The book ABigFatCrisis: TheHiddenForcesBehindObesityEpidemicandHowWeCanEndIt by Deborah Cohen, a senior natural scientist, is very popular now. {#blank#}1{#/blank#} But according to this book, the following are some misunderstandings of obesity or being overweight.

1).If you're obese, blame your genes.

    {#blank#}2{#/blank#} Yet, between 1980 and 2000, the number of Americans who are obese has doubled—too quickly for genetic factors to be responsible. At restaurants, a dollar puts more calories on our plates than ever before, because restaurant meals usually have more calories than what we prepare at home, so people who eat out more frequently have higher rates of obesity than those who eat out less.

2).If you're obese, you lack self­control.

    Research shows that if we are faced with too much information, we have a tendency to make poor choices on diet. {#blank#}3{#/blank#} Even, the most vigilant(警觉的)people may not be good controllers of themselves.

3).{#blank#}4{#/blank#}

    Although the US Department of Agriculture estimates that fewer than 5 per cent of Americans live in the “food deserts”, about 65 per cent of the nation's population is obese. For most of us, obesity is not related to access to more fresh fruits and vegetables, but to the choices we make in supermarkets.

4).The problem is not that we eat too much, but that we don't exercise.

    Michelle Obama's “Let's Move” campaign is based on the idea that if kids exercise more, childhood obesity rates will decrease. {#blank#}5{#/blank#} In fact, although a drop in work­related physical activity may explain up to 100 fewer calories burned, leisure physical activity appears to have increased.

A.Lack of access to fresh fruits and vegetables is a cause of obesity.

B.Obesity rates have increased.

C.Fresh fruits and vegetables we choose in a supermarket are related to obesity.

D.But there was no obvious decrease in physical activity levels as obesity rates climbed in the 1980s and 1990s.

E.People hold different views on obesity.

F.People benefit a lot from physical activities.

G.Our world has become so rich in food that we can be led to consume too much in ways we can't understand.

根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

    All languages change over time, but some change at a faster rate than others. {#blank#}1{#/blank#} The most important factors are the number of people who speak a language, where they live and whether they move around, the importance of the language for world trade and communication, and changes in technology.

    {#blank#}2{#/blank#} However, today English is the most widely used language in the world. English is spoken by about 350 million people as a first language in countries such as Great Britain, the United States. In addition, about a billion more people speak English as a second language.

    English started to take over French as an international language during the period of British colonialism (殖民主义) when the English ruled many countries in Africa and Asia. {#blank#}3{#/blank#} The colonial period came to an end at the same time that several other changes occurred. For example, the U.S. started to play a greater part in global affairs and the international economy. New means of communication technology such as television and the Internet spread English worldwide. {#blank#}4{#/blank#} In addition, they could use the Internet for information, business, or e-mail communication, all in English. Just as the use of English spread, other languages changed English by contact or by new inventions and technology.

    In contrast, Icelandic is a language that has changed very slowly. Icelandic speakers today can understand poetry written in a slightly different dialect over 1,000 years ago! Why has Icelandic changed so slowly? The main reason is the isolated (孤立的) location of the island in the middle of the Atlantic Ocean. {#blank#}5{#/blank#} Compared to England, Iceland had no history of colonialism. Iceland's small population has not played a major role in international trade or communication. Today, most Icelanders speak English in addition to their native language. With outside influences, Icelandic is changing more rapidly now.

A. People everywhere could watch the news or sports events in English.

B. These changes have a great influence on the development of society.

C. Isolation meant that for hundreds of years, Icelanders had little contact with speakers of other languages.

D. What are some of the factors that influence how quickly a language changes?

E. The language communication brings about the communication of technology.

F. In the past, other languages such as Latin or French were more important than English.

G. English was the primary means of communication in these colonies.

任务型阅读

    Social media and the mobile web have given rise to a strange phenomenon called the selfie(自拍). It refers to a picture of yourself, usually shared on any social networking website.

    {#blank#}1{#/blank#}Some selfies are extreme close-ups(特写镜头), and others show part of an arm held straight outward. A few of them even feature the subject standing in front of a bathroom mirror.

    Everyone takes selfies, but the younger crowd seems to be especially involved in the trend. Young people are relatively heavier digital users. They are interested in staying connected to their friends.{#blank#}2{#/blank#}

    There are also kinds of psychological factors driving people to take a selfie and upload it to a social networking site.{#blank#}3{#/blank#} A quick and easy way to attract other's attention is to get "likes" and comments from friends. Secondly, it's human nature to show off your own great achievements. When you feel good about yourself or look good, it's far too easy to take out your phone and document it all through one or several selfies.{#blank#}4{#/blank#}That's right. Sometimes people are bored at work, bored at school, bored at home and even bored on the toilet. Last but not least, social media is about being social! If that means uploading as many selfies as possible, then so be it. It's fun, and it's a cool way to sort of document your own life.

    Finally, there are things to be mindful of when you're posting. It's easy to think you're sharing a photo with a few people.{#blank#}5{#/blank#}So don't post anything online, selfie especially.

A. There are lots of selfie styles.

B. The rise of selfies has become universal.

C. Social media, to some extent, is the driving force of their selfie activity.

D. The desire to take, post and get "likes" on selfies goes back to a biological behavior.

E. But the whole world of social media is public and every individual can get access to it.

F. There are also people who will take selfies because they have nothing else better to do.

G. The leading factor is that people want to get attention from as many people as possible.

任务型阅读

    How to plan for a perfect holiday

    People often dream of a perfect holiday with white sands, blue beaches and so on. But sometimes planning a trip can be difficult. Here are some tips to make your holiday a memorable one.

    Set a budget. Before making a plan for the holiday, the most important thing is to plan how money will be spent. {#blank#}1{#/blank#}

    Plan ahead. The first thing you need to do is to be sure of what you need from this trip. Do you want to experience the local culture or just have fun on those sandy beaches?{#blank#}2{#/blank#}

    Read up before you go. {#blank#}3{#/blank#} Buy a good guidebook and read up on the culture, history, local attractions of the place. You can also surf the internet for more information. The more you know, the better you can enjoy the place and its traditions.

    Pack light and right.{#blank#}4{#/blank#} Avoid carrying unnecessary things around. A heavy luggage may sometimes influence your holiday spirit. Carry clothes that are comfortable and right for the season. Try to put everything you need in a single carry-on bag.

    {#blank#}5{#/blank#} Unreasonable expectations can lead to a lot of stress. So enjoy each moment, whether good or bad.

A. You had better look for information before visiting an unknown holiday place.

B. All you need is to get away from busy people and the world.

C. Always book your stay.

D. Have realistic expectations.

E. It helps you to plan and enjoy the trip within your limits of money.

F. Pack only the important things.

G. You can plan your trip according to your needs and likes.

任务型阅读

                                        Wrong Reasons for Going to College

    A college education can be priceless{#blank#}1{#/blank#}If any of these following factors had a big influence on your decision, you're probably right to second-guess yourself.

    Because all your friends are going.

    In only a few weeks' time, the whole friend group will be scattered to a half dozen different colleges in a half dozen different places. Not to go will set yourself apart{#blank#}2{#/blank#}

    Because someone else expects it from you.

    Perhaps you come from a family where everyone goes to college. Or maybe, you're the kid that everyone is proud to believe will be the first to get there{#blank#}3{#/blank#} It's become so much a part of the air you breathe that you've never stopped to consider whether you want to go or whether you're ready to go.

{#blank#}4{#/blank#}

    It's been tough to find even a summer job. You don't have an alternative plan. Everyone else is doing it(see above). You think you might as well go to school. That is the lamest(无说服力的) of reasons to spend $20,000 or more in the next year.

    Because you are afraid you'll regret it if you don't go.

    Your uncle tells you that his one regret in life is that he didn't go to college. Others tell you that they could have gone so much farther in their career if only they had a college education{#blank#}5{#/blank#}So this is not a persuasive reason for you to go to college.

A. Because you don't know what else to do.

B. It seems that for years everyone has just assumed that of course you'll go.

C. Because you don't want to work.

D. But maybe in your heart you know that you are going for the wrong reasons.

E. Friends will wonder what's wrong with you

F. Everyone seems more excited than you are.

G. Whatever the story is, there are always people who regret decisions they've made.

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