题型:阅读填表 题类:常考题 难易度:普通
江苏省姜堰市2017-2018学年八年级下学期英语期末考试试题(含小段音频)
British people pride themselves on their polite manners towards one another in public. They often use the word 'sorry'—even when they don't really mean it! Usually, if they want to ask a stranger for the time, they would start by saying 'Sorry to bother you. Do you know what time it is?' If they're five minutes late for an appointment (约会), they would generally greet the person by saying 'Sorry I'm late!'
They use the word 'sorry' in so many different situations that the meaning of the word has changed a little over time. The two main dictionary definitions (释义) of 'sorry' are: 1) feeling sad for someone else because of their problems or bad luck; 2) feeling regret because you've done something wrong. Now, think about this. Normally, when they want to ask a stranger a question, they start with 'Sorry to bother you'. In this situation, they aren't saying sorry because they feel sad for that person or because they feel regret.
So what does 'sorry' really mean? And why do British people use it so much? Well, in the British culture, saying 'sorry' is a way to be polite, especially to people who they don't know very well. It's also a very clever way to get what they want. In a recent experiment, an actor went up to a different strangers on a rainy day to ask if he could use their mobile phones in order to make a call. When he went up to one group of strangers and asked them without saying 'sorry' first, he was only 9 per cent successful in borrowing their phones. However, when he said 'sorry' to another group of strangers about the bad weather before asking if he could use their mobile phones, he was 47 per cent successful. So maybe saying 'sorry' is not just being polite, but it is also a good method to get what they want too!
Title: Why do people say sorry? | |
Main points | Detailed information |
The situations in which they say '' | Asking for the time Being for an appointment |
The change of the meaning of 'sorry' | The two main definitions of 'sorry'; Feeling sad for problems or bad luck Feeling regret of one's own mistakes When British people ask a stranger a question by with 'sorry', they are saying sorry neither because they feel sad for that person nor because they feel regret. |
The meaning of 'sorry' | A way to be polite A good way to get they want The result of an experiment shows it's for one to succeed in borrowing a mobile phone by saying 'sorry'. |
The speed, danger and excitement of motor racing have been with us for more than a century. For over a hundred years, drivers have pushed their machines to the limit. Everyone in motor racing has a simple dream: to go faster!
In the early days, a small number of people raced each other driving unsafe machines on ordinary roads. Today, motor racing is a huge moneymaking industry. Thousands of people are involved. Drivers, mechanics, designers, engineers and technicians work hard in the search for extra speed.
Cars race along twisting roads or on round tracks. They race across ice and snow, as well as sandy deserts. Mud, dust, grass and steep hills are all part of today's range of racing events. Hundreds of thousands of people turn up to watch races. Millions more people watch the events on television. Top drivers are celebrities and earn huge amounts of money.
Of course, these drivers don't get to the top overnight. Everyone has to start somewhere. Most drivers learn to race in go-carts when they are young. All drivers must learn about their cars and their engines. They must also be familiar with race rules and what to do in an emergency. Formula Ford is one of the race classes for beginners. Many top Formula I world champions like Nigel Mansell, Michael Schumacher and Mika Hakkinen began by Formula Ford racing.
The Italian company Ferrari makes some of the world's best racing cars, all painted in its world-famous red colour. Ferrari is the most successful builder of Formula 1 cars. Ferrari has also had some famous Formula 1 champions such as Michael Schumacher. Ferrari prides itself on building the whole machine—the body as well as the engine. Some companies, such as Honda, only make engines for Formula 1 racing.
Motor racing is expensive. Racing teams need huge amounts of money to keep their cars on the racetrack. Sponsorship is an important way of making money for racing teams. The logos of the sponsors are all over racing cars. The bigger the logo, the more the company will have to pay to the racing team.
The Need for{#blank#}1{#/blank#}
Want to be a Formula 1 driver | Motor racing have been with us for {#blank#}2{#/blank#}a century. Everyone in motor racing has a simple dream: to go faster! |
Learn to race in go-carts | In the early days, a small number of people raced each other driving {#blank#}3{#/blank#}machines on ordinary roads. Today, motor racing is a huge money making{#blank#}4{#/blank#}. |
Learn about cars and engines | Cars race along twisting roads or on round tracks. Millions more people watch the events on {#blank#}5{#/blank#}. Top drivers are celebrities and earn huge amounts of money. |
Learn race rules | These drivers don't {#blank#}6{#/blank#}the top overnight. Everyone has to start somewhere. They must also be familiar with race rules and {#blank#}7{#/blank#}to do in an emergency. |
Join classes for beginners such as Formula Ford | Ferrari is the most successful builder of Formula 1 cars. Ferrari has had some famous Formula 1 champions as{#blank#}8{#/blank#}, such as Michael Schumacher. |
Become a Formula 1 driver | Motor racing isn't {#blank#}9{#/blank#}. Racing teams need huge amounts of money to keep their cars on the racetrack. The bigger the logo, the {#blank#}10{#/blank#}the company will have to pay to the racing team. |
In many children's stories, a girl meets a prince and falls in love. They get married and live 'happily ever after'.
As a child, Meghan Markle may never have imagined marrying a prince. But that is exactly what happened on May 19th!
Who is this young lady who just married into Britain's royal family(王室)?
Meghan Markle was born in Los Angeles, California, in 1981. Her mother, Doria, was a doctor, and her father, Tom, was a television lighting director. For 10 years after school each day, young Meghan spent time at the studio where her father worked. This experience allowed her to become very comfortable with the acting business. For that reason, she knew she wanted to become an actress from a very early age.
As a child, she felt strongly about something else, too: People should be treated equally. This passion(热情)to help others is still a big part of her life today.
Her acting career began in 2002 when she made her first appearance on TV. Other small parts on TV and in a few films followed. Then finally in 2011, Markle got her big break. She won a lead role in the popular TV series Suits.
Title: Meghan Markle - the Actress Who Just {#blank#}1{#/blank#} a Prince
Meghan Markle {#blank#}2{#/blank#}Britain's royal family on May 19th. | |
Background{#blank#}3{#/blank#} | She was born in Los Angeles. California, in 1981. Her mother was a doctor and her father was a TV lighting director. She wanted to be an actress when she was very {#blank#}4{#/blank#}. |
Acting career | It started in 2002 when she{#blank#}5{#/blank#}on TV for the first time. She played some small parts on TV and in films afterwards. She got the lead role in the popular TV series Suits in 2011. |
Everyone needs friends. We all like to feel close to someone. It is nice to have a friend to talk, laugh, and do things with. {#blank#}1{#/blank#}We don't always want people around. {#blank#}2{#/blank#} We will feel lonely if we never have a friend.
Friends sometimes don't get on well. Most of the time they will make up and become friends again. When friends move away, we feel very sad. {#blank#}3{#/blank#}Then we call them or write to them. We can even see them again someday. {#blank#}4{#/blank#}It's surprising to find out how much we like new people when we get to know them.
There's more good news for people who have friends. They live longer than people who don't. Why? It could be that they are happier. {#blank#}5{#/blank#} Or it could be just knowing that someone cares. If someone cares about you, you'll take better care of yourself.
A. Of course, we can also make new friends. B. We miss them very much. C. Being happy helps you stay healthy. D. It doesn't mean they don't like each other. E. However, sometimes we need to be alone. |
Polar bears(北极熊) are soft and lovely, but they are also very dangerous. Mark's best pal is Agee, just a big cute white polar bear! Mark is a Canadian animal trainer. He and Agee became friends when the polar bear was just about four weeks old. Now Agee is 16 years old and weighs 800 pounds. She can't live at Mark's home now, but both of them are still best friends. They always play, swim and even wrestle(摔跤) together. Agee is not only Mark's best friend, but also the world's first trained polar bear star. She has acted in some films and TV advertisements(广告) . Polar bears usually live in the freezing Arctic region(冰冷的北极地区) . Unluckily, as the weather gets warmer and warmer, there is less and less room for the polar bears to live in. And they have to find their home and have less time to find food. So these make polar bears become fewer and fewer.
Mark is a trainer from {#blank#}1{#/blank#}. He has a good friend named Agee. Agee is not a girl {#blank#}2{#/blank#}a polar bear. They became good friends when Agee was one {#blank#}3{#/blank#}old. They always play, swim and wrestle together. Agee is also a polar bear star. Most polar bears live in the freezing Arctic region. But as the weather gets warmer and warmer, it's more {#blank#}4{#/blank#}for them to find home and {#blank#}5{#/blank#}. Now polar bears become fewer and fewer. So we should work hard to protect them. |
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