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题型:阅读选择 题类:模拟题 难易度:普通

广东省广州市番禺区2018年中考英语模拟测试卷

阅读理解

    Who do you think was the most important woman of the past 100 years?

Jane Addams (1860 - 1935)

    Addams helped the poor and worked for peace. She created shelters, education opportunities and services for people in need. In 1931, Addams became the first American woman to win the Noble Peace Prize.

    Rachel Carson (1907 - 1964)

    Rachel Carson was born in the rural river town of Springdale, Pennsylvania in America. The popular 1962 book Silent Spring by Rachel Carson made people realize the dangers and the harmful effects(影响) of pollution on humans and on the world's lakes and oceans.

Angela Merkel (1954 - )

    In 2005, Germans chose Angela Merkel as their first woman head of the country. She had been a scientist in the past. As Germany's leader, she has had an effect on the whole world.

Sandra Day O' Connor (1930 - )

    When Sandra Day O' Connor finished her class at Stanford Law School, in 1952, she could not find work because she was a woman. However, she became the first woman to join the U.S. Supreme Court (最高法院) in 1981 after years of hard work.

Margaret Thatcher (1925 - )

    In 1979, Margaret Thatcher became Britain's first woman Prime Minister (首相). She served until 1990, which made her the first British leader to serve three terms in a row. Because of her high standards and strong will, people called her Britain's Iron Lady.

Marie Curie (1867 - 1934)

    Polish-born scientist Marie Curie discovered that some types of metal give off energy called radiation (辐射能). Her research led to new medical treatments and arms. She received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1903 and in Chemistry in 1911.

(1)、Who once won the Nobel Prize?
A、Jane Addams and Marie Curie B、Jane Addams and Margaret Thatcher C、Marie Curie and Angela Merkel D、Marie Curie and Rachel Carson
(2)、We can infer from the text that Rachel Carson worked to _______.
A、help the poor B、spread geographic knowledge C、protect the environment D、protect the rights of women
(3)、What do Angela Merkel and Margaret Thatcher have in common?
A、Both of them were scientists before coming to power. B、Both of them are the first woman head of their country. C、Both of them are famous for being strict. D、Both of them have worked for three terms.
(4)、Who once failed to find a job?
A、Jane Addams. B、Sandra Day O'Connor C、Rachel Carson D、Margaret Thatcher
(5)、What would be the best title for the text?
A、Ways to Success. B、Famous Scientists.         C、Strong Leaders. D、Great Women.
举一反三
 阅读下列短文,从每题所给的ABCD项中,选出最佳选项

Stephen Hawking was probably the world's most famous scientist after Albert Einstein. He was an expert on black holes. He put his whole life into digging into the beginning and the end of the universe.

"My goal is simple," Hawking once said. "It is to completely understand the universe, why it is as it is and why it is there at Hawking received many awards and prizes for his work over the years. This includes winning the Albert Einstein Award. It is the highest achievement in theoretical physics (理论物理)• But Hawking is achitvements are even greater if you think of his disability.

Hawking had a bad illness that stopped him from moving or talking. Later he got a wheelchair with a computer by his side. He moved two fingers to control the computer's mouse. He chose his words from the screen, which were then spoken by a voice synthesizer (合成器). This helped him communicate better.

"I have had the disease for most of my life, and I even have had no way to communicate except by simple eye movements since 2011?" Hawking once said. "Yet it has not stopped me from being successful at my work."

Hawking tried to make science more popular with people. In 1988 he wrote A Brief History of Time, sharing his understanding of the universe with other people. The book was a best-seller for a long time. So far, it has sold more than 10 million copies around the world. Hawking also wrote a children's book— Unlocking the Universe with his daughter. He said the book would be "a bit like Harry Potter" but without the magic.

Hawking liked pop culture. He sang in rock songs. He even played roles in popular TV plays including StarTrek{ 1992), The Simpsons(1999) and The Big Bang Theory(2012). He played himself in all these shows and was proud of making the audience laugh.

 根据语篇内容, 选择最佳选项。

Malaria(疟疾) has been a deadly problem for humans since ancient times. Countless people have died from the illness. Thankfully, Chinese scientist Tu Youyou found a useful medicine called qinghaosu.

In 1969, Tu became the director of a national project to develop a medicine against malaria. Her team took a special way.After reading more than 2,000 old treatments, Tu and her team collected over 600 plants and listed almost 380 possible treatments for malaria. One treatment, which is 1,600 years old, uses sweet wormwood. Tu found it useful and tried to extract(提取) the qinghaosu from it in order to makea medicine. The extraction failed at first, so Tu returned to the classical books again and finally found a way. She used a low- temperature way to extract the qinghaosu and finally succeeded in 1972.

Next, Tu and her team did lots of tests with qinghaosu in fighting against malaria. After her team showed that qinghaosu could treat malaria in mice and monkeys, Tu and two of her team members offered to test the medicine on themselves before testing on human patients. It turned out that qinghaosu was safe and all patients in the test became well. Gradually, the World Health Organization (WHO) advised people to use qinghaosu as the first- line treatment for malaria. It saved millions of lives around the world.

In 2015, when Tu won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, she didn't accept all of the honor. Instead, she praised her team members and Chinese traditional medicine. She once said," Every scientist dreams of doing something that can help the world."

 阅读下列短文,从下面每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选 项中选出最佳选项。

As a child, cultural historian and writer Sofia Ake l often stayed at the local library." The library near the East London estate(庄园) where I grew up was where I developed my interest in reading as a child," she said.

Akel soon realized that many people couldn't afford books. Later, she started the Free Books Campaign, an organization with the goal of giving books to those who can't buy them." We've donated(捐赠)6,000 books to people in the UK and Ireland so far," Akel said.

The organization is funded by donations, and anyone càn request a book they'd like to read. Akel believes that reading should be something that everyone can take part in." Without the library, my worldview, my imagination, and my vocabulary would have been reduced," she continued.

In its third year of operation, the Campaign held the Free Books Festival in Peckham, Southeast London. Over a weekend, they gave away about 3,000 books.

Estelle, a biochemistry graduate, went to the festival with her friends." It's important that events like this exist," she said." With events like this, it means I'm able to enjoy my love for reading and find new books." When asked about her book selections, Estelle said,"I chose Good Intentions by Kasim Ali.I got my book signed by him during the event. It was very exciting because I'd never met the author of a book I'd read in person."

Data suggests that accessing books at a library has become increasingly challenging. According to the Chartered Institute of Public Finance and Accountancy (CIPFA), library book stocks.(储存) reduced by 11 per cent across England, Wales and Scotland between 2021 and 2022. So organizations like the Free Books Campaign are making a huge difference in the lives of many people around the world.

 B.阅读下面短文, 根据括号内所给汉语注释写出单词的正确形式。

 Jeremy Gilley was a young British film-maker. For one day he wanted to stop all the wars in the world.

 What did he do? In 2007, an organization Peace One Day (POD) {#blank#}1{#/blank#}(创建) by him. At first no one wanted to listen, but Gilley didn't give up. He travelled {#blank#}2{#/blank#}(国外) and went to war areas, {#blank#}3{#/blank#}(包括) the Middle East. He made a short film about his idea and showed it to world leaders. Finally, he won a large {#blank#}4{#/blank#}(数量) of support from many famous people. In2001, he won the support of the UN. They decided to make 21# September an International Day of Peace. It was a big {#blank#}5{#/blank#}(胜利) for Jeremy. He also wanted {#blank#}6{#/blank#}(传播) his message to ordinary people all over the world. On his journey he met thousands of varied people. He showed them his film and gave talks. People were {#blank#}7{#/blank#}(去世) in war areas because it's too dangerous for doctors and nurses to go there. So in 2012 the actor Jude Law went to Afghanistan and organized one of {#blank#}8{#/blank#}(极大的) polio vaccination(脊髓灰质炎疫苗) activities in the world for Peace Day. As a result, nurses gave vaccinations to 1.4 million children.

{#blank#}9{#/blank#}(最近), thousands of projects have been planned to help people in war areas, to raise money and communicate the importance of peace. 100 million people are active on Peace Day in192 countries with health {#blank#}10{#/blank#}(照顾), peace walks, films and music events.

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