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题型:阅读理解 题类:模拟题 难易度:普通

2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语模拟(四)(衡水金卷调研卷)

阅读理解

    If you have a long holiday to spend, where can you go?

Nikoi Island, Indonesia

    Less than 85 km – but somehow a whole world away – from Singapore's shining skyline lies Nikoi Island. Surrounded by white sandy shorelines and vivid coral reefs, Nikoi's centre is hidden in rainforest, resulting in amazing biodiversity seen in its native plants, animals and bird life. Marrying traditional Indonesian craftsmanship with contemporary design, Nikoi boasts just 15 stilted(建于支柱上的)beach houses, all with breathtaking sea views, guaranteeing privacy and total escape from the daily grind.

Amanpulo, Philippines

    The only property on Pamalican Island, the luxurious Amanpulo resort offers extremely impressive accommodation, with only access to over five kilometres of clean coral sand beach. Designed to resemble indigenous Bahay Kubo homes, Amanpulo's beachside, treetop and hillside villas all feature comfortable decks with hammocks(吊床)from which to enjoy the spectacular views of the greenish-blue sea below. Fill your schedule with Amanpulo's signature aquatic adventures (including diving, windsurfing and sailing), recharge in the award-winning spa or feast upon locally caught seafood – the choice is yours.

Song Saa, Cambodia

    Song Saa's incredible ocean views, and breathtaking sunsets are a very typical example of pure paradise. Its 24 villas – each with their own sea-view private plunge pool – are designed to reflect the natural beauty of Cambodia's coastline; built from recycled wood with straw roofs and driftwood furnishings, these presences are stylish proof of Song Saa's admirable commitment to sustainability(持续)and conservation. You can choose to do as much or as little as you want here, with rainforest tours, island safaris and reef snorkelling just some of the activities on offer that showcase this spectacular destination.

(1)、What can we see in the center of Nikoi's Island?
A、Lands of desert. B、Streams and rivers. C、Kinds of animals and plants. D、Tall buildings.
(2)、What can we learn about the Amanpulo's villas?
A、They are made of bricks. B、We can have a good view of the sea there. C、They are very expensive. D、We can learn much historic stories from them.
(3)、What activity can you enjoy in Song Saa?
A、Diving. B、White rafting. C、Mountain-climbing. D、Rainforest tour.
举一反三
阅读理解

    Telepathy (心灵感应) is the ability to communicate without the use of the five senses. It's an instinct (本能) which can be woken up in times of emergency or need. When we feel that something is happening or about to happen by instinct, we're using resources within the unconscious mind. When the resources of two persons' unconscious minds link together into the same frequency (频率), we call it telepathy.

    We can either send or receive telepathy. If you know who is calling before you answer the ringing phone,you are probably a good receiver. If you think of a person and he/she calls you,you are most likely to be better at sending.

    You can easily put your ability to the test. Thinking of somebody and wish him or her to contact you. Be patient. The other person may not be a good receiver,but they should contact you much earlier than would normally be expected. Or whenever the phone rings,try ‘feeling' who is contacting you. Don't guess, but try to feel it with your mind. However,if neither of these works for you,that doesn't mean that you have no ability of telepathy. As mentioned earlier, telepathy is most likely to turn up in case of emergency.

    Telepathy dreams often contain telepathic messages. Two people may both dream of the other and find that their dreams have a clear connection. These people are probably linking to each other's unconscious mind.

    Telepathy & relationship. The more people spend time together, the more likely they are to be able to link up to the other's mind, especially when separated. There are two reasons for this. One is that they understand the other's mind through time spent together; the other is that there is usually a strong desire to communicate. A mother will often sense that her child is in danger. This is due to the child's eagerly wanting his or her mother, knowing that this is the person who would always want to be there for them, and the mother's deep desire to protect her child from harm.

阅读理解

    At UMOM New Day Centers, volunteers are the heart of our mission. We exist entirely through the generosity of individuals within the community. Through the giving of their time and talents, volunteers help homeless men, women and children find hope in the future.

    Child Development Center

    Type of help needed: Assist teachers with art projects, reading, singing, games and play projects for children aged one to five.

    Requirements: Ages 16+ only, must obtain an Arizona state fingerprint card, and must obtain a TB Test.

    Hours: Monday-Friday, 9:00am-12:00pm.

    T.A.P. (Teen Activities Program)

    Type of help needed: Assist TAP coordinator (协调员) with weekly activities. Coordinate and help with field trips, 5ports, cooking, music and other forms of entertainment. We welcome your ideas for teen activities,

    Requirements: Ages 21+ only, have graduated from high school, and must obtain an AZ state fingerprint card.

    Hours: Monday-Friday, 3:00pm-6:00pm and Saturday & Sunday 1:00pm-4:00pm.

    Summer hours: Monday-Friday 8:00am-4:00pm and Saturday & Sunday 1:00pm-4:00pm.

    In-Kind Donation Assistant

    Type of help needed: Moving, repairing, organizing furniture and other donated items.

    Requirements: Must be comfortable with physical labor, being outdoors, and be able to lift at least 50 lbs (磅).

    Hours: Tuesday-Saturday, 9:00am-3:00pm.

    Docent (讲解员)

    Type of help needed: Help screen visitors and volunteers and answer questions provide directions. Offer non-program-related assistance to residents to enhance customer service needed. Accept donations, event assistance and other projects as assigned.

    Requirements: Ages 18+ only, must obtain an AZ state fingerprint card, and be able to lift 50 lbs.

    Hours: Monday-Friday, l:00pm-4:00pm. Tuesday evening, 5:00pni-9:00pm.

    Saturday& Sunday, 9:00am-5:00pm.

    Kitchen Helper Program

    Type of help needed: Support kitchen staff in food preparation, serving and other duties as needed.

    Requirements: Volunteers must be 13 years and older to volunteer in the kitchen.

    Hours: Dinner: 7 days a week from 4:00pm-7:00pm;    Lunch: Monday Friday from 10:30am-1:00pm; Brunch: Saturday & Sunday from 9:30am-12:00am.

阅读理解

    A mother goat is able to pick out her own baby from its voice alone by the time the kid is just five days old.

    Researchers from University of London played kids' bleats to female goats and studied their responses. They were surprised to find that the animals were able to pick out their own kids' voices.

    “A mother and the kid rely a lot on smell to recognize one another and, in the wild, during the first week of their lives, the animals hide in grass and don't call much. It's a strategy they use to avoid enemies,” Dr Elodie Briefer, who led the research, explained to BBC News. “The mother call to the kids when she want them to come and feed, so we expected that kids would recognize the mothers' voices.” In fact, this was the case for deer, which also use this hiding strategy, although they do not belong to the same family of species as goats.

    She and her team recorded and played back young kids' calls to the female goats and recorded their responses. She explained, “Even when the calls came from kids that are five to six days old, we could see the mothers responding more to the voices of their own babies.” Hearing the voice of their own kids, the females would look towards the speaker that the sound was coming from, moving around and calling in response.

    The scientists say that understanding how goats behave and communicate is very important. “This helps us understand just how smart these animals are,” said Dr. Briefer. “Farmers might be able to change their way to raise goats considering this natural behaviour.”

阅读理解

    It is a question people have been asking for ages—is there a way to turn back the aging process?

    For centuries, people have been looking for a "fountain of youth." The idea is that if you find a magical fountain, and drink from its waters, you will not become old. Spanish explorer Juan Ponce de León searched for waters with magical powers in the early 1500s. But what he found instead is the American State of Florida.

    Researchers in New York did not find a fountain of youth in fact, but they may have found a way to turn back the aging process. It appears the answer may be hidden right between your eyes, in an area called the hypothalamus (丘脑下部).The hypothalamus is part of your brain. It controls important activities within the body, including growth, reproduction and the way we process food.

    Researchers at New York's Albert Einstein College of Medicine found that hypothalamus stem cells also influence how fast aging takes place in the body. What are stem cells? They are simple cells that can develop into specialized cells, like blood or skin cells. Stem cells can also repair damaged parts in the body.

    Professor Dongsheng Cai was the lead researcher in a study on aging in mice. Cai explains in the Journal Nature what they found. "Aging speed can be controlled by a particular place in the body, which is the hypothalamus. And it can be controlled by a particular type of cells, which are hypothalamus stem cells. I think these findings are quite interesting."

    He adds that when the hypothalamus starts aging, so does the body. "So when hypothalamus function is decreasing, particularly the loss of hypothalamus stem cells, this protection against the aging development is lost. It finally leads to aging."

    Using this information, the researchers began trying to activate (激活) the hypothalamus in mice. They did this by putting stem cells from younger mice into middle-aged animals. Later, the researchers examined mice and tested for changes in behavior. They also looked for changes in the strength of the animals' muscles and the way they worked. The researchers say the results show that the treatment slowed aging in the animals.

    Cai says when hypothalamus stem cells, which were derived from young mice was put into middle-aged mice, the mice aged slowly and they also have increased the length of their lives.

    But these results were just from studying mice in a lab. If the mice can live longer, does that mean people could have longer lives? The next step is to see if the anti-aging effects also work in human beings.

阅读理解

Every four or five years, vast quantities of warm water build up along the west coast of South America. This phenomenon, El Nino, creates storms that cause destructive floods. The result is costly.

Modern farmers come to terms with El Nino. They use money saved in good years to rebuild in bad ones. But history suggests it need not be like that. In a paper published recently, Ari Caramanica, an archaeologist at University of the Pacific, in Lima, shows how it used to be done. And the answer seems to be, "better".

Dr Caramanica and her colleagues have been studying the Pampa de Mocan, a coastal desert plain in northern Peru. Pampa de Mocan is not suitable for farming. Its soil contains little organic matter and the annual rainfall in non-Nino years is usually less than two centimeters. Today's farmers therefore depend on canals to carry water from local rivers to their fields.

It had been assumed that ancient farmers had a similar arrangement — and so they did. But Dr Caramanica also found eight canals that could carry water far beyond the range of modern farms. She thinks that they were intended to guide the floodwaters arriving during Nino years. Around a quarter of the ancient agricultural infrastructure of this area seems to have been built only for managing Nino-generated floodwaters.

Evidence from pollen supports this theory, revealing that Pampa de Mocan produced lots of crops in some years, while remaining nearly barren in others. The team also uncovered two cisterns in the area serviced by the extended canals. These, probably, were used to store extra flood-water.

These findings suggest that, rather than resisting El Nino, early farmers in Pampa de Mocan were ready to make use of it when it arrived. Modern farmers might do well to learn from them.

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