Read
the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words
as far as possible.
An international team of researchers found employees who
endure what is known as "abusive supervision" are more likely to
behave poorly on purpose by messing up tasks, arriving late, taking long breaks
and putting in minimal effort.
The authors of the study, published in the Journal of Management, sought to answer
why horrible bosses make employees less willing to show what is known as
organizational citizenship behavior (OCB), or commitment to the company outside
of their contractual obligations. That could include helping colleagues or
volunteering for unusual work hours. They also assessed its effect on a worker's
tendency to harm the organization, by displaying counterproductive (反作用的) work behavior (CWB).
To find out more, and uncover which negative outcome bullying (欺凌) behavior is more likely to cause,
researchers from Southwestern University of Finance and Economics in China,
Renmin University of China and Swinburne University of Technology in Australia
cooperated and analyzed 427 existing studies. They found workers acted out
either because they felt they were being treated unfairly in the workplace, or
felt stressed and this affected their ability to perform as expected. An
employee who felt they were a victim of injustice tended more towards
reluctance to show OCB. Stressed workers, meanwhile, were more associated with
CWB.
Employers who worried supervisors are affecting productivity
can take steps to ease issues by regularly training managers, introducing
policies which cope with workplace injustices and helping workers to deal with
stress.
This is not the first study to suggest unkind practices can
affect the well-being of workers. The paper follows a study published in the
European Heart Journal last year, which showed employees who suffer bullying
are more likely to develop heart diseases than those who aren't. Bullying and
violence are common at workplaces and those exposed to these stressors are at
higher risk.