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题型:阅读理解 题类:模拟题 难易度:普通

江苏省泰州中学2018届高三下学期英语3月第二次模拟考试试卷

阅读理解

    The year 2018 will mark the 100th anniversary of the deadliest influenza outbreak in history. It is estimated that the influenza pandemic(瘟疫) of 1918 killed more than 50 million people around the world. Other estimates go much higher. Because of a lack of medical record—keeping, we may never know the exact number.

    The influenza was a fast killer. Some victims died within hours of their first symptoms. Others died after a few days. “Their lungs filled with liquid and they choked to death. ”The 1918 flu pandemic was also different from other outbreaks. It struck many young, healthy people. Viruses usually affect sick or old people.

    Although modem medicine effectively controls many diseases, influenza remains difficult to protect against, The World Health Organization estimates that every year influenza kills 250, 000 to 500, 000 people around the world. Each year, medical scientists develop flu vaccines(疫苗) which offer immunity(免疫)from some influenza viruses. But they can only guess which form of the virus will spread.

    Health officials remain concerned about another flu pandemic. New forms of the flu virus appear regularly. One example was the “swine flu”or H1N1outbreak in 2009. Anthony Fauci, Director of the National Institute of Infectious diseases in the United States says that virus caused a true pandemic.

    To stop the next pandemic, scientists are now researching how to create a universal influenza vaccine. In October 2017, Vanderbilt University Medical Center in the U. S. announced the Universal Influenza Vaccine Initiative. The university said researchers are leading an international effort to develop a universal influenza vaccine that will protect everyone against all forms of the flu anywhere in the world. The university added that researchers will begin tests in early 2018, the Human Vaccines Project, a public—private partnership, is funding the project. However, until a universal influenza vaccine is available, today's seasonal flu vaccine remains important.

(1)、What do we know about the influenza in 1918?
A、It swept across the whole Europe. B、No one survived the first few days. C、It killed the largest number of people. D、It struck only young and healthy people.
(2)、Why is influenza difficult to protect against?
A、It spreads too rapidly. B、It is quite easy to catch. C、No vaccine is available. D、It's hard to judge the form of virus.
(3)、What does the author want to tell by mentioning H1N1in 2009?
A、New forms of flu virus keeps appearing. B、It was the most serious in recent years. C、It was caused by the same flu virus of 1918. D、The H1N1 virus was deadly as well.
(4)、What can we learn about the universal influenza vaccine?
A、The development is quite costly. B、It will be used all over the world. C、It can protect against all forms of flu. D、It will soon come into use in 2018.
举一反三
阅读理解

    The kids in this village wear dirty, ragged clothes. They sleep beside cows and sheep in huts made of sticks and mud. They have no school. Yet they all can chant the English alphabet, and some can make words.

    The key to their success: 20 tablet computers(平板电脑) dropped off in their Ethiopian village in February by a U.S. group called One Laptop Per Child.

    The goal is to find out whether kids using today's new technology can teach themselves to read in places where no schools or teachers exist. The Massachusetts Institute of Technology researchers analyzing the project data say they're already amazed. “What I think has already happened is that the kids have already learned more than they would have in one year of kindergarten,” said Matt Keller, who runs the Ethiopia program.

    The fastest learner—and the first to turn on one of the tablets—is 8-year-old Kelbesa Negusse. The device's camera was disabled to save memory, yet within weeks Kelbesa had figured out its workings and made the camera work. He called himself a lion, a marker of accomplishment in Ethiopia.

    With his tablet, Kelbasa rearranged the letters HSROE into one of the many English animal names he knows. Then he spelled words on his own. “Seven months ago he didn't know any English. That's unbelievable,” said Keller.

    The project aims to get kids to a stage called “deep reading,” where they can read to learn. It won't be in Amharic, Ethiopia's first language, but in English, which is widely seen as the ticket to higher paying jobs.

根据短文内容,选择最佳答案,并将选定答案的字母标号填在题前括号内。

阅读理解

    Volunteering abroad is a great way to help others, improve your skills and become a more confident, independent person. If you are interested in volunteering abroad, here are some places to go.

    Australia

    If you seek a life on the beach, in a great climate with friendly people, Australia might be your best bet. With thousands of volunteers already signing up to leave for Australia during the holidays, it will be a very popular option.

    Brazil

    This vast country has some great opportunities on offer and is especially popular this year. A lot of volunteer work is available in Brazil centers on conservation and ecological projects. With the world's largest rainforest in Brazil, of which huge part is in danger, there are lots of different jobs you can do.

    Kenya

    Kenya is the destination for those seeking an African experience. Generally volunteers in Kenya work in orphanages(孤儿院)or with local children living in slums(贫民窟). There is a great demand for volunteers in Africa because many people live in poverty, so if you truly feel like making a difference to a community, Kenya should be at the top of your list.

    Costa Rica

    Golden sandy beaches, clear coastlines and beautiful cities are what Costa Rica is all about. Because of its small size, you can see a lot of the country in just a short time. You can really make the most of your time as a volunteer. A lot of work is needed with wildlife and ecological work, so if you want to look after turtles on the beach, Costa Rica could be just the place for you

阅读理解

    Nowadays, a new method is used to decide who are the top students in school. The best students are those who not only get high marks, but also follow the rules and the behavior standards for middle school students. Here are some of the new rules and standards.

    Tell the truth. Have you ever copied someone else's work in an exam? If you have, then don't do it again! That's not something an honest student should do. If you have played computer games for two hours in your room, don't tell your parents you were doing your homework.

    Learn to be loving and caring. Good students love animals and care about other people.

    Learn to work together with others. It would be more fun when more people work together. Did you quarrel(争吵) with your teammates when your basketball team lost? Only working together can make your team stronger. Be friendly to the people you are with. Try to think of others, instead of only yourself.

    Be open to new ideas. Have you ever thought that people could live on the moon? Perhaps you'll discover Earth II some day. Don't look down upon new ideas. Everyone's ideas are important. You should welcome them, because new ideas make life better for everyone.

    Use the Internet carefully. The Internet can be very useful for your study. Some websites on the Internet are not for kids, so make sure to visit the web pages that are good for you. You can use the web for fun or homework. Can't you find any good websites for children?

阅读理解

     Here are opportunities for international student volunteers. You can apply your academic training to overall development programs in service. Group service options are explained here.

    Elder assistance

    Assist at the elder care center with activities such as playing cards and swapping stories. And you can join the elders on day-trips to the local museums, parks and grocery stores. Or, help prepare, serve and deliver meals at the assisted living center on the reservation.

Blackfeet Reservation Montana September 15—September 21

    Early Childhood Education

    Inspire children 1 to 5 years old through doing arts and crafts, reading storybooks, playing with toys, teaching hand washing with soap and water, and more. As a volunteer in the Cook Islands, you make contributions to the future through the youngest of citizens.

Rarotonga Cook Islands August 17—August 24

    Health Care

    Health care volunteers are needed at the clinic, serving all of the 1,300 children of the community. To help specialists, volunteers can be engaged to help sort medicines, make cotton balls and take children's temperature, etc. Health Care volunteers do not need any special permit or license.

Lima September 3—September 24

    Teach English

    Started in 1996, the program is to teach English in China and build a bridge of friendship and respect. Here you teach English lessons to secondary or university students with all levels of language abilities. After school, you can join your students in a number of cultural activities to extend the day's English lessons.

Xi'an August 22—August 28

阅读理解

Address: 7700 Bull Run Drive

Phone: (703) 352-5900

Website: www. atlantisbullrun. com

Atlantis Waterpark is a great day of fun featuring pools, a giant dumping bucket, hair-raising waterslides, great food, cool souvenirs and fun-filled activities for kids and adults of all ages! Atlantis is open annually from Memorial Day weekend through Labor Day. Our snack bar – Neptune Reef – features all the food, beverages and sweets you'd hope to find.

Address: 34574 Smiths Ferry Road

Phone: (757) 516-8774

Website: www. bearpathacres. com

Bear Path Acres Zoo is a non-profit animal shelter. You get to meet the animals up close and personal! We take pride in working with each animal to make it a wonderful learning experience. We are conveniently located in Southampton County, just 9 miles south of Franklin. Spend an hour or pack your lunch and spend the day!

Address: 1410 Belvedere Drive

Phone: (540) 371-8494

Website: www. belvedereplantation. com

Belvedere Plantation is a 645 acre heritage farm, built in the 1760s on the historic Rappahannock River near Fredericksburg, Virginia. It is a working farm, with grain crops such as corn, wheat and soybeans. Come for picnics and parties. Enjoy fall harvest time with pumpkin picking, bonfires, and even a cornfield maze. Group and educational programs available.

Address: 2388 Londen Bridge Road

Phone: (757) 427-9520

Website: www. huntclubfarm. com

Come on out to Hunt Club's Petting Farm for a day of family fun on the farm. Visit everyone's favorite place where you can spend all day feeding and petting our goats, sheep, chickens, and more! Take the time to explore the farm so you don't miss the pigs, rabbits and cows. Our guests love to get to know the animals and we encourage it!

阅读理解

Iman, the last Sumatran rhino(犀牛) in Malaysia, died in 2019 — bringing the endangered species one step closer to extinction. Now, Malaysian scientists are hoping to use tissues and cells from Iman and other dead rhinos to bring the population back.

"Before the three rhinos (the last survivors in Malaysia) died, we got their cells, and the cells are still alive — which is why I'm quite confident," Dr. Lokman said. "If we don't have any cells, or have just tissue that isn't living anymore, we wouldn't be able to do anything. But now we have a living thing that we can use. "

The cells came from the rhinos'hearts, lungs and brains. What is the most important is that the team collected stem cells (干细胞). One possible approach is to develop these stem cells into an egg (卵子) and sperm (精子), to create an embryo (胚胎) that will be placed into a surrogate mother (代孕母亲). She will likely be another rhino, either a Sumatran rhino from another country or another species. The other method is to take the egg of a surrogate animal, remove the nucleus (细胞核), and join it with a Sumatran rhino's body cell. This technique was famously used to clone Dolly the sheep in 1996. Dr. Lokman and his colleagues are trying both ways. The team is still in the early stages; next, they need to find a suitable surrogate female.

Sumatran rhinos are listed as critically endangered by the World Wildlife Fund. There are less than 80 alive in Indonesia and Thailand. The fall in the population was first caused by hunting. Later, the situation was worsened by the loss of habitats and human activity. Unfortunately, there are now only five remaining rhino species worldwide, and all are threatened. Some sub-species have already died out; the western black rhino was declared extinct in 2013. And it is a pity that the last male northern white rhino died in 2019.

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