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题型:阅读理解 题类:常考题 难易度:普通

山东省邹城市第一中学2017-2018学年高二上册英语期中考试试卷

阅读理解

    Buy One Give One

    Buy One Give One (BIG1) is a Singapore-based business and non-profit organization with a job to create a world full of giving. We help businesses around the world give back in meaningful ways so that they can create measurable and long-lasting influence. Since 2007, we have worked with more than 1,600 businesses creating more than 88 million giving activities.

    Our business allows consumers, who may feel disconnected from the problems of the developing world, to become involved in social problems while still purchasing (购买)tor themselves. For example, shoe brands like TOMS promise to donate one pair of shoes for every pair purchased. Soapbox gives soap to a needy child with every purchase. Watch company WeWood plants a tree every time you buy a watch. They have helped socially-conscious consumers purchase products and feel good about providing help to others.

    See what some of our members say about being a part of BIG1.

    *Karen Ormerod

    Every product purchased at our store influences the lives of disadvantaged people in the world. I had never imagined I would be operating a business that could change people's lives. We are making a real difference by just doing what normally do. It is a wonderful experience.

    *Ben Baker

    What a good way of giving resources to where they need to be giving people the gifts of giving, and adding value to organizations along the wav. We have already made 160,000 giving activities through BIGI. Giving has become a necessary part of our everyday business. It's truly brilliant.

    BIGI focuses on the influence of giving on people's lives rather than simply the amounts donated. Our programs stress giving habitually in order to create growing influence around the world. When you join the BIGI giving program, you create your own unique giving stories.

    We do hope you can become a member of us!

(1)、According to the passage, what does BIGI do?
A、Donate the profits to the people in need. B、Give away something extra when a product is sold.    C、Help consumers purchase their favorite products. D、Instruct owners how to operate businesses effectively.
(2)、How do the members feel about themselves as a part of BIG1?
A、Proud. B、Confident. C、Generous. D、Energetic.
(3)、What is the purpose of the passage?
A、To describe the gifts BIGI gives. B、To promote the products BIGI sells. C、To invite businesses to B1G1. D、To introduce the activities BIGI involves.
举一反三
根据短文理解,选择正确答案。

    Cliffside Manor Apartments are conveniently located (位于) just 15 minutes from Downtown Pittsburgh, Cranberry Township, Greater Pittsburgh International Airport and Robinson Township shopping district. This community (社区) has 1 and 2 bedroom apartments for rent. Pet-free community.

Individually controlled heat & air conditioning

Balconies/Patios

Individual extra storage

Off-street parking

Laundry facilities (设施) in each building

Equipped kitchens with dishwashers

Furnished apartments available

    Castle Ridge Luxury Apartment Homes are located in the suburban south hills of Pittsburgh, convenient to I-279 interstate highway, Pittsburgh International Airport, and the public transit (运输) system. 1, 2 & 3 bedroom apartment homes for rent. Pets are accepted with pet fee.

Convenient scenic south hills location

Walking distance to the public transportation

Shape up 24/7 in your fitness center

Heated swimming pool & tropical tanning bed

Clubhouse & Business center

Full sized washer/Dryer in your unit

Fireplaces in every unit

    Alvern Garden Apartments are pleasantly situated in a quiet residential (住宅的) neighborhood in the suburban south hills of Pittsburgh. Close to Keystone Oaks School District and nearby restaurants and minutes to South Hills Village shopping mall. 1, 2 & 3 bedroom apartments for rent. Cats only with a $250.00 security deposit.

24 hour emergency maintenance (应急抢修)

Free gas cooking

Swimming pool

One block from subway

Laundry facilities

Covered parking available

    The Pointe at Adams Ridge is located north of Pittsburgh with convenience to I-79 interstate highway, shopping, restaurants & entertainment. 1, 2 & 3 bedroom apartments for rent. Pets are welcome.

Island kitchens/Built-in microwave racks

Conference and business center

Sandy beach pool

Private movie theater

Indoor basketball court

English pub gathering room

阅读理解

    A sense of humor is something highly valued. A person who has a great sense of humor is often considered to be happy and socially confident. However, humor is a double-edged sword. Sometimes it can damage self-respect and annoy others.

    People who use bonding humor tell jokes and generally lighten the mood. They're thought to be good at reducing the tension in uncomfortable situations. They often make fun of their common experiences, and sometimes they may even laugh off their own misfortunes. The basic message they deliver is: We're all alike, we find the same things funny, and we're all in this together.

    Put-down humor, on the other hand, is an aggressive type of humor used to criticize others through teasing. When it's aimed against politicians, as it often is, it's extremely funny and mostly harmless. But in the real world, it may have a harmful effect. An example of such humor is telling friends an embarrassing story about another friend. When challenged about their teasing, the put-down jokers might claim that they are "just kidding," thus allowing themselves to avoid responsibility. This type of humor, though considered by some people to be socially acceptable, may hurt the feelings of the one being teased and thus have a bad effect on personal relationships.

    Finally, in hate-me humor, the joker is the target of the joke for the amusement of others. This type of humor was used by comedians John Belushi and Chris Farley—both of whom suffered for their success in show business. A small amount of such humor is charming, but routinely offering oneself up to be embarrassed destroys one's self-esteem, and fosters depression and anxiety.

    So it seems that being funny isn't necessarily an indicator of good social skills and well-being. In certain cases, it may actually have a negative effect on interpersonal relationships.

阅读理解

    Whenever we see a button, we are eager to press it because we know something will happen. This is true in most cases, for example on a doorbell and on the “on/off” button on the TV. But some buttons are actually fake, like the “close” button on a lift.

    Many people are in the habit of pressing the “close” button because they don't have the patience to wait for the lift doors to shut. But lifts' “close” buttons are a complete scam(骗局), at least in the US-the doors will not close any faster no matter how hard you press.

    It started in the 1990s when the Americans with Disabilities Act was passed in the US, making sure that all lifts stayed open long enough so that people with disabilities could enter. Only US firefighters and repairmen can use the buttons to speed up the door-closing process if they have a code or special keys.

    But to normal lift riders, the buttons aren't completely useless. According to psychologists, fake buttons can actually make you feel better by offering you a sense of control.

    “Perceived (能够感知的)control is very important. It reduces stress and increases well-being,” Ellen J. Langer, a psychology professor, said, “having a lack of control is associated with depression.”

    Experts have revealed that a lot of buttons that don't do anything exist in our lives for this same purpose. For example, many offices in the US have fake thermostats(温度调节器) because people tend to feel better when they think they can control the temperature in their workspace.

    But psychologists found it interesting that even when people are aware of these little “white lies”, they still continue to push fake buttons because as long as the doors eventually close, it is considered to be worth the effort.

    “That habit is here to stay,” John Kounios, a psychology professor, said“Even though I have real doubts about the traffic light buttons, I always press them. After all, I've got nothing else to do while waiting. So why not press the button in the hope that this one will work?”

阅读理解

    Listed below are the stories of women you may not know about, but definitely should.

    Hedy Lamarr

    Hedy Lamarr starred in many films. But her film career is far from her only noteworthy achievement; she was also a brilliant inventor. In 1942, she and composer George Antheil received a patent(专利)for a device that could change radio signal frequencies. The purpose of the technology was to keep military enemies from figuring out messages. But it did more than that - it laid a foundation for the wireless technology we use today.

    Maria Sibylla Merian

    Today, children can happily explain how a caterpillar(毛虫) tums into a butterfly. But there was a time when no one knew this. Until the 1670s, scientists thought that caterpillars and butterflies were two totally different creatures. Thanks to Maria, we know the truth about these beautiful winged insects. Fascinated by insects, she began collecting, studying and drawing them as a child. It was through her study of caterpillars that she discovered the truth about their life cycles. She published two volumes of naturalist research, which provide major contributions to the field of entomology(昆虫学).

    Ada Lovelace

    Ada Lovelace, the daughter of celebrated British poet Lord Byron, wasn't a poet herself but the world's first computer programmer. We think of computers as a recent invention, but people were toying with the idea of "computing machines" in the mid – 19th century when Lovelace was alive. Lovelace's mathematical genius was apparent at a young age and caught the attention of Cambridge professor Charles Babbage, who was working to design early computing machines that would be able to quickly solve math problems. Lovelace wrote some suggestions as to how to program the machines to work out numbers.

    In addition to designing this early computer program, she was also the first to surest that these computers might be able to do more than compute. She imagined them doing almost everything, from producing images to composing music.

阅读理解

    One day, Mr. Arnold was teaching a lesson, and things were going as normally as ever. He was explaining the story of human being to his pupils. He told them that, in the beginning, men were nomads (游牧); they never stayed in the same place for very long. Instead, they would travel about, here and there, in search of food, wherever it was to be found. And when the food ran out, they would move off somewhere else.

    He taught them about the invention of farming and keeping animals. This was an important discovery, because by learning to cultivate (耕作) the land, and care for animals, mankind would always have food steadily. It also meant that people could remain living in one place, and this made it easier to set about tasks that would take a long while to finish, like building towns, cities, and all that were in them. All the children were listening attracted by this story, until Lucy jumped up:

    “And if that was so important and improved everything so much, why are we nomads all over again, Mr. Arnold?”

    Mr. Arnold didn't know what to say. Lucy was a very clever girl. He knew that she lived with her parents in a house, so she must know that her family were not nomads; so what did she mean?

    “We have all become nomads again,” continued Lucy, “The other day, outside the city, they were cutting the forest down. A while ago a fisherman told me how they fish. It's the same with everyone: when there's no more forest left the foresters go elsewhere, and when the fish run out the fishermen move on. That's what the nomads did, isn't it?

    The teacher nodded, thoughtfully. Really, Lucy was right. Mankind had turned into nomads. Instead of looking after the land in a way that we could be sure it would keep supplying our needs, we kept developing it until the land was bare. And then off we would go to the next place! The class spent the rest of the afternoon talking about what they could do to show how to be more civilized (文明的).

    The next day everyone attended class wearing a green T-shirt, with a message that said “I am not a nomad!”

    And, from then on, they set about showing that indeed they were not. Every time they knew they needed something, they made sure that they would get it using care and control. If they needed wood or paper, they would make sure that they got the recycled kind. They ordered their fish from fish farms, making sure that the fish they received were not too young and too small. They only used animals that were well cared for, and brought up on farms.

    And so, from their little town, those children managed to give up being nomads again, just as prehistoric men had done, so many thousands of years ago.

阅读理解

    Bonfire night(篝火之夜)is fast approaching in London. The following are the best spots to watch fireworks shows.

    Saturday Morden Park

    This fireworks show is perfect to take the tittle ones along to. The show will include new fire and light acts and will be set to accompanying music. When all of the magic is over, attendees can enjoy the entertainment or pick up a refreshment at the on-site bar.

    Tickets:£9 in advance £10 at the gates.

    Tickets can be bought here.

    Clissold Park

    This 20-minute show is more demure(娴静的)than other show spots due to the animals which live in the park, however, still promises a beautiful show. The show will also be accompanied(伴奏)by music.

    Tickets: Adults £8.75, children £3.75. Prices reduced by £l for people living in Hackney Borough

    Tickets can be bought here.

    Croydon Road Recreation Ground

    This family-focused event has been running since 1946 and offers two chances to catch the excitement of the fireworks. A smaller show at 6:00pm promises reduced noise, perfect for little children, meanwhile, the main event promises a bang at 7:45pm.

    Tickets: Children under 11 free, over 11£5, adults£10

    Tickets can be bought on the gate.

    Alexandra Palace

    The biggest fireworks event in London, having run for 150 years, Alexandra Palace is set to excite audiences again this year with a splendid show. The grounds will also include a German-Beer festival and delicious food.

    Tickets: Adults £12.50, kids 11-15 £10, and kids under £2.50

    Tickets can be bought here.

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