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题型:阅读理解 题类:常考题 难易度:普通

湖北省荆州中学2018届高三上学期英语11月月考试卷

阅读理解

    The meaning of silence varies among cultural groups. Silences may be thoughtful, or they may be empty when a person has nothing to say. A silence in a conversation may also show stubbornness, uneasiness, or worry. Silence may be viewed by some cultural groups as extremely uncomfortable; therefore attempts may be made to fill every gap (间隙) with conversation. Persons in other cultural groups value silence and view it as necessary for understanding a person's needs.

    Many Native Americans value silence and feel it is a basic part of communicating among people, just as some traditional Chinese and Thai persons do. Therefore, when a person from one of these cultures is speaking and suddenly stops, what maybe implied (暗示) is that the person wants the listener to consider what has been said before continuing. In these cultures, silence is a call for reflection.

    Other cultures may use silence in other ways, particularly when dealing with conflicts among people or in relationships of people with different amounts of power. For example, Russian, French, and Spanish persons may use silence to show agreement between parties about the topic under discussion. However, Mexicans may use silence when instructions are given by a person in authority rather than be rude to that person by arguing with him or her. In still another use, persons in Asian cultures may view silence as a sign of respect, particularly to an elder or a person in authority.

    Nurses and other care-givers need to be aware of the possible meanings of silence when they come across the personal anxiety their patients may be experiencing. Nurses should recognize their own personal and cultural construction of silence so that a patient's silence is not interrupted too early or allowed to go on unnecessarily. A nurse who understands the healing (治愈) value of silence can use this understanding to assist in the care of patients from their own and from other cultures.

(1)、What does the author say about silence in conversations?
A、It implies anger. B、It promotes friendship. C、It is culture-specific. D、It is content-based.
(2)、Which of the following people might regard silence as a call for careful thought?
A、The Chinese. B、The French. C、The Mexicans. D、The Russians.
(3)、What does the author advise nurses to do about silence?
A、Let it continue as the patient pleases. B、Break it while treating patients. C、Evaluate its harm to patients. D、Make use of its healing effects.
(4)、What may be the best title for the text?
A、Sound and Silence B、What It Means to Be Silent C、Silence to Native Americans D、Speech Is Silver; Silence Is Gold
举一反三
阅读理解

    The National Air and Space Museum in Washington,DC has thousands of objects on display,including the 1903 Wright Flyer,Charles Lindbergh's Spirit of St.Louis,the Apollo 11 Command Module Columbia,and a lunar rock you can touch.In addition to our exhibition galleries,you may want to visit the Albert Einstein Planetarium,Lockheed Martin IMAX Theater,and the Public Observatory on the east end.There are many things to do at the Museum in DC.We offer daily tours and educational activities for both children and adults.We also have scheduled lectures and events throughout the year.

Hours & Admission:Open every day except December 25.Admission is free.

    Regular hours:10:00 am to 5:30 pm

    Extended Hours:10:00 am to 7:30 pm

    December 26-30,2016

    March 30-April 20,2017

    Fridays and Saturdays,April 24-May 16,2017

    May 17-September 7,2017

    VISITING TIPS:

    Limit the Number of Bags:All visitors are screened through metal detectors upon entry.The fewer items you bring inside the Museum,the faster your entry.Before you visit,please review the list of prohibited items,which include pocket knives and tripods(三脚架).Visitors carrying prohibited items will not be allowed inside the museum,so please leave them at home or in your car.

    No food and Drink:Only bottled water is permitted in the Museum.You may only consume food and other drinks in the Food Court,not in the Museum.Groups who bring food are encouraged to picnic on the National Mall.

Please Take Photos:You are welcome to take photos for personal use.However,tripods and monopods(单脚架) are not permitted without approval.

    First Aid:The Museum has a First Aid office and a nurse on duty.Please contact the nearest security officer or the Welcome Center for assistance.

    Visit the Welcome Center:At our Welcome Center in the South Lobby,staff and volunteers can answer any questions you have during your visit.

    Phone:202-633-2214

    E-mail:NASM-VisitorServices@si.edu

阅读理解

    According to the findings of a new study, telling kids they're smart enhances the idea that intelligence is a genetic gift rather than a skill that ran he improved, and children who think their intelligence is fixed are not likely to pay attention to mistakes and recover from them.

    In the study publisher! online, researchers looked at 123 children who were about 7. The team assessed the children to determine whether they had a “growth mindset(思维定式)”. They asked the children to complete a fast-paced computer task while their brain activities were recorded. During the recording, researchers noted that brain activity stopped within a half-second after making a mistake. The larger the brain response was, the more the child focused on the error.

    Based on the data they collected, the researchers concluded that children with a “growth mindset” were much more likely to have a larger brain response after making a mistake, and in turn were more likely to improve their performance by paying closer attention to the task after making an error.

    For parents, the lessons are clear: for starters, don't pay praises that suggest intelligence is fixed. If a child hands you an A test, don't say “You are smart!” Instead say “Wow, that study really paid off!”

    Second, focus on using errors to work together and learn. Many parents and teachers shy away from mentioning a child's mistakes, telling them “It's OK. You'll get it next time.” without giving them the opportunity to figure out what went wrong. Instead, it's better to tell the child that mistakes happen, and to pay attention and work to figure out where and how they made the mistake.

阅读理解

    Have you ever looked out of the window of a passenger plane from 30,000 feet at the vast expanses of empty ocean and uninhabited land, and wondered how people can have any major effect on the Earth? I have. It is now becoming pretty clear that we are causing a great deal of damage to the natural environment. And the planes which rush us in comfort to destinations around the globe, contribute to one of the biggest environmental problems that we face today— global warming.

    As usual, people in the developing world are having to deal with problems created mainly by those of us in developed countries. Beatrice Schell, a spokeswoman for the European Federation for Transport and Environment says that, "One person flying in an airplane for one hour is responsible for the same greenhouse gas emissions(排放)as a typical Bangladeshi in a whole year." And every year jet aircraft produce almost as much carbon dioxide as the entire African continent does.

    There is a way of offsetting(抵消) the carbon dioxide we produce when we travel by plane. A company called Future Forests offers a service which can relieve the guilty consciences of air travelers. The Future Forest website calculates the amount of CO2 you are responsible for producing on your flight, and for a small fee will plant a number of trees which will absorb this CO2.

    Yesterday I returned to Japan from England, and was happy to pay Future Forests 25 pounds to plant the 3 trees which balance my share of the CO2 produced by my return flight. Now the only thing making me lose sleep is jet lag.

阅读理解

    One early morning, I went into the living room to find my mother reading a thick book called Best Loved Poems to Read Again and Again. My interest was aroused only by the fact that the word "Poems" appeared in big, hot pink letters.

    "Is it good?" I asked her. "Yeah," she answered. "There's one I really like and you'll like it, too." I leaned forward." 'Patty Poem,'" she read the title. Who is Patty? I wondered. The poem began:

    She never puts her toys away,

    Just leaves them scattered (散乱的)where they lay,...

    The poem was just three short sections. The final one came quickly:

    When she grows and gathers(稳重的)poise,

    I'll miss her harum-scarum(莽撞的) noise,

    And look in vain for scattered(徒劳地)toys.

    And I'll be sad.

    A terrible sorrow washed over me. Whoever Patty was, she was a mean girl. Then, the shock.

    "It's you, honey," My mother said sadly.

    To my mother, the poem conveyed a parent's affection when her child grows up and leaves. To me, the "she" in the poem was horror. It was my mama who would be sad. It was so terrible. I burst out crying.

    "What's wrong?" my mother asked.

    "Oh Mama," I cried. "I don't want to grow up ever!"

She smiled. "Honey, it's okay. You're not growing up anytime soon. And when you do, I'll still love you, okay?"

    I calmed down. But I could not help thinking about that silly poem. After several years, I read the poem again and was confused. It all fit so well together, like a simple puzzle easy to understand, yet it was still beautiful. I was now attracted by the idea of poetry, words that had the power to make or break a person's world.

    I have since fallen in love with other poems, but "Patty Poem" remains my poem. After all, "Patty Poem" gave me my love for poetry.

阅读理解

    Picasso Blue and Rose' at the Musée d'Orsay in Paris

    Through Jan.6.2019

    In its first major partnership with the Musée National Picasso﹣Paris, the Mus6e d'Orsay presents a show about Pablo Picasso's "Blue and Rose periods. "Some iconic(标志性的)Picasso works from this period in 1900~1906 ﹣﹣which experts consider a key point in his career—will make their first appearance in France for this exhibit. The show features over 300 works, including 80 paintings, 150 drawings, sculptures and prints, alongside photographs and letters from this time in the artist's life.

    'Hodler Parallelism' at the Kunstmuseum Bern in Switzerland

    Through Jan. 13, 2019

    This year marks a century since the death of one of Switzerland's most famous painters: Ferdinand Hodler. To honor his great achievements, the Kunstmuseum Bem and Geneva's Museum of Art and History have joined forces for a show focused on his theory of parallelism. Hodler considered parallelism a key principle of his work and employed it through the use of repetition, patterns, symmetry(对称) and mirror images, The show features 99 of Holder' s works.

    Claude Monet' at the Albertina in Vienna

    Through Jan. 6, 2019

    For the first time in over 20 years, a large﹣scale Monet exhibit can be seen in Austria. The Alhertina has gathered 100 paintings from more than 40 international museums and private collections, including the Musée d'Orsay in Paris, the Museum of Fine Arts in Boston, the National Gallery in London, the National Museum of Western Art in Tokyo, and the Pushkin Museum of Fine Arts in Moscow.  Highlights include the works: "On the Boat," "Boulevard des Capucines," "Grainstack in Sunlight," and "The Japanese Bridge."

阅读短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。

    Robots that can chat, find misplaced glasses, draw airplanes and play with your children are attracting thousands of visitors during an expo in Tokyo as Japan adapts to changes in society.

    Robots, such as the sound-sensitive Chapit, answer simple questions and even joke with people to help the solitary fight loneliness and stay alert (机警的) in old age. "Many old people in Japan live alone and have no one to talk to," said Kazuya Kitamura, a representative of the expo organizer. "Communication robots stay together with old people and don't mind listening to the same stories over and over again."

    While Chapit, a relatively simple robot, managed to attract a partner, many researchers, such as Kiyoshi Matsumoto, a professor at the University of Tokyo, struggle to attract sponsors for more expensive projects.

    Matsumoto's "Personal Mobility Robot", equipped with four cameras and a sensor to recognize the user's centre of gravity, is designed to help the elderly move around without pressing buttons as in traditional wheelchairs.

    The robot can also help find misplaced glasses by recognizing them with a sensor. "We have developed a robot that can assist many people, but because of the high cost, we still haven't found a sponsor," said Matsumoto, who added that the cost of the machine, if produced in large quantities, would be comparable to that of a small car. "In the current economic environment there are few companies willing to invest (投资) in such a costly project," he said.

    Other robots, such as the award-winning "DiGRO", can support busy parents who have little time to play with their children. The robot can use the Internet to find a simple image and then draw pictures, looking after children while parents work.

    Japan is one of the world's fastest-aging countries and the government predicts that by 2050 the population of people over 65 will reach 40 percent.

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