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题型:阅读理解 题类:常考题 难易度:困难

江苏省泰州中学2017-2018学年高二上学期英语期中考试试卷

阅读理解

    A California wind farm will become the first in the U. S. to avoid charges if a limited number of eagles are injured or die when they run into the huge turning blades(桨叶), the U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service said Thursday.

    The Shiloh IV Wind Project LLC, 60 miles east of San Francisco, will receive a special permit allowing up to five golden eagles to be accidentally killed over five years. Previously, such eagle deaths could potentially draw criminal charges and discourage private investment in wind farms.

    Agency Director Daniel Ashe said the permit encourages development of renewable energy while requiring the wind company to take steps to protect eagles from turbines(涡轮机)and power lines. The move will help California reach its goal of producing one-third of its energy from renewable sources by 2020, he said.

    Michael Hutchins of the American Bird Conservancy said he believes the five-year permit for the California wind farm is reasonable, but he said the rapid expansion of wind energy has gotten ahead of the science and regulation to protect all types of birds. Too often, he said, wind farms are built in migratory patterns or near wetlands.

    Birds on the hunt can become dizzy by what's on the ground and fly into the blades, Hutchins said.

    “Is it really green energy if it's going to kill hundreds of thousands of birds or bats each year?” he said. “The whole system needs a much harder look.”

    Shiloh IV Wind Project is a 102-megawatt wind farm operating since 2012 and made up of 50 turbines in Solano County.

    Shiloh is the first to obtain a permit. Marie Strassburger, the U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service's regional migratory bird chief, said that obtaining one requires a lengthy process, and because this is the first of its kind, officials have carefully made conversation plans with the wind company.

    “It's not a quick, efficient process by any means,” Strassburger said.

    Federal wildlife officials in California, Nevada and Southern Oregon are working on two more applications for five-year eagle permits and one for 30 years, said Scott Flaherty of the U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service in Sacramento. Eagles are not listed as endangered, but they are protected under a federal act.

(1)、Shiloh IV will be breaking the law if ___________.
A、its turbines injure any birds in California B、it withdraws its private investment in wind farms C、its equipment kills over five golden eagles in five years D、it builds wind farm in migratory patterns or near wetlands
(2)、Why is California giving Shiloh IV the permit?
A、To encourage green energy B、To protect big turning blades C、To prevent criminal activities D、To support research on eagles
(3)、What was Hutchins's attitude to wind farm's rapid development?
A、Tolerant B、Uncaring C、Surprised D、Critical
(4)、When drafting the five-year permit, officials ________.
A、Showed great caution B、Reached an agreement quickly C、Wanted to list eagles as endangered D、Had already singed tow similar permits
(5)、Who explained to us how eagles are killed on wind farms?
A、Daniel Ashe B、Scott Flaherty C、Michael Hutchins D、Marie
举一反三
阅读理解

    Gemini Television is a large independent broadcaster(广播公司). They have had success in television with mini-series and situation comedies. Recently the company has decided to move into film--making.

    They have received some film projects from directors working in different countries.

    Title: Hands up for Happiness

    Genre (类型): Romantic(浪漫的) comedy

    Plot(情节): Two pairs of twins, one Italian and one Russian, meet and start relationships. They have problems telling the difference between each twin. Will they end up with the right person?

    Cast(演员阵容): Unknown actors as need to be real twins.

    Special features: Very romantic locations, e.g. Venice, St. Petersburg.

    Budget: $40-50 million at most.

    Audience: 20-35 year olds.

    Title: Alien Attack

    Genre: Science fiction

    Plot: Story takes place 500 years in the future. The Earth is attacked by aliens. A small group survive the attack and try to save the planet. Will they succeed before the aliens reproduce?

    Cast: To be decided (by the director).

    Special features: Shocking special effects, exciting visually.

    Budget: $60-80 million at most.

    Audience: 15 upwards.

    Title: Exit Strategy

    Genre: Thriller

    Plot: A woman picks up the wrong bag at an airport and is mistaken for a foreign agent who has secret documents. She is tracked around the world by criminals, government agents and the real owner of the bag.

    Cast: Major Hollywood star as lead actress (undecided).

    Special features: Many locations around the world, lots of twists and turns in the story, strong possibility for a follow-up, and for turning the lead character into a female James Bond (a character from serial films).

    Budget: At least $100-120 million.

    Audience: 15 upwards.

    Title: Midnight Sun

    Genre: Action / Adventure

    Plot: A story of family honour, revenge(复仇) great love and of good vs. bad. A young Japanese man brought up in the USA returns to the country of his birth. He discovers the dark secret of the family, and the reason he was brought up in the USA. His search for the truth leads him to the Philippines and to the beautiful princess Satsuki.

    Cast: Young, unknown actors.

    Special features: Excellently designed fight scenes.

    Budget: $50-70 million at most.

    Audience: Worldwide, but probably over 18 due to violence.

阅读理解+添加知识点

    Far out in the lake was a large wooden platform(平台) on which stood an improbably high diving board- a kind of wooden Eiffel Tower. It was, I'm sure, the county's tallest wooden structure (结构) and no one had ever been known to jump from it. So it was quite a shock when our teacher, Mr. Milton, announced that he would dive off the high board that very afternoon.

    Word of his questionable plan was already spreading through town as Mr. Milton swam out to the platform. He was just a tiny, stick figure when he got there but even from such a distance the high board seemed almost to touch the clouds. Once at the top, he paced the enormously long board , then look some deep breaths and finally stood at the edge. He was going to do it.

    Several hundred people had gathered at the shore to watch. Mr. Milton stood for quite along time ;then he raised his arms, took one bounce(弹跳) and launched himself into ;perfect dive. He fell with perfect style for what seemed minutes. The crowd fell silent. But about three quarters of the way down he seemed to have second thoughts and began suddenly to panic(惊慌),waving his arms and legs like someone having a bad dream. When he was perhaps thirty feet above the water, he gave up on waving and spread his arms and legs wide, obviously hoping that it would somehow slow his fall. It didn't. He hit the water at over six hundred miles an hour, making birds fly out of their trees three miles away. I don't think he entered the water at all. He just bounced off it, about fifteen feet back into the air. After that, he lay still on the surface , like an autumn leaf.

    He was brought to shore by two passing fishermen in a rowboat and placed on an old blanket where he spent the rest of the afternoon. Occasionally he accepted a little water, but otherwise was too shocked to speak.

    It was the best day of my life.

阅读理解

    Ben, at the age of 23 ,was the youngest man to ski solo to the North Pole. He dragged a 180-kilogramme sledge (雪橇) over 1,420 miles through the worst Arctic conditions. This year, Ben plans to ski solo from the Antarctic coast to the South Pole and back in the autumn, carrying all his supplies on his sledge.

    Ben Saunders was fired after persuading the firm to support his disorganized first adventure. “Everything that could go wrong did go wrong. We didn't get to the Pole, so we had no media interest. No one heard about it.”

    “People said it was impossible for me to get to the Pole. I said, “No, I can get there,” and I did. Self-belief, I see it as being a bit like a muscle — it's my belief that the more you stretch yourself the stronger it gets. If you never do anything that's uncomfortable or risky then your self-belief gets weaker. So that's one of the lessons I've figured out along the way.

    “My Antarctic adventure is just practicable and that's what is exciting to me. If I knew I could do it without too much bother, I wouldn't be interested." Why? “Personally I'm attracted by the human performance element to it. Not that long ago, running a marathon was seen as the top point of human attempt, and now I wouldn't be that surprised if my mum said she was going to run one."

    People's horizons are changing. “I'm not particularly gifted. I've just chosen this one goal to achieve and I've been working hard to realize it. And that's the thing that attracts me: with enough training and enough determination, enough focus and preparation, how far can we go? And I dont think I've found out yet.”

阅读理解

    First aid is emergency care for a victim of sudden illness or injury until more skillful medical treatment is available. It may save a life or improve certain vital signs including pulse, temperature,a clear airway(气道), and breathing. In minor emergencies,first aid may prevent a victim's condition from turning worse and provide relief from pain. First aid must be   administered as quickly as possible. In the case of the Critically injured, a few minutes can make a difference between complete recovery and loss of life.

    First­aid measures depend upon a victim's needs and the provider's level of knowledge and skill. Knowing what not to do in an emergency is as important as knowing what to do. Improperly moving a person with a neck injury, for example,can lead to permanent spinal (脊柱的) injury and  paralysis (瘫痪).

    Despite the variety of injuries possible, several principles of first aid apply to all emergencies. The first step is to call for professional medical help. The victim, if conscious(有意识的), should be reassured that medical aid has been requested,and asked for permission to provide any first aid.  Next,assess the scene, asking other people or the injured  person's family or friends about details of the injury or illness,any care that may have already been given, and preexisting conditions such as diabetes (糖尿病) or heart trouble. The victim should be checked for a medical bracelet (手镯) or card that describes special medical conditions. Unless the accident scene becomes unsafe or the victim may suffer further injury,do not move the victim.

    First aid requires rapid assessment of victims to determine whether life­threatening conditions exist. One method for evaluating a victim's condition is known by the acronym(首字母缩写词)ABC,which stands for:

    A—Airway: Is it open and clear?

    B—Breathing: Is the person breathing? Look, listen, and feel for breathing.

    C—Circulation: Is there a pulse? Is the person bleeding externally? Check skin color and temperature for additional indications of circulation problems.

Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.

Don't Drop the Ball

    Drop prevention risk assessment is really important. Everyone knows objects get dropped on work sites – there's nothing radical about that. In Australia, mining has the third highest fatality rate of any industry (4.4 fatalities per 100,000 workers in 2015), and in less well-documented areas like India the fatality rate is even higher. A lot of these fatalities come from dropped objects. It's worth trying to address this and work out just how big the risk is and where it comes from. At the end of the day, safety should be a priority in any industry and it should come as no surprise that addressing safety issues early can actually save money, long-term, for companies. It doesn't look good for a mining company if people are getting injured and equipment damaged from falling objects.

    The risks from dropped objects come from all sorts of areas; it's not just a matter of dropped tools. We're talking about sites characterized by a lot of activities, where all sorts of things can come loose or fall, whether its light fittings or objects like rocks falling off transporting belts. The risks are largely personal but are also financial: if a piece of equipment gets damaged it will need replacing. That's a pretty strong inspiration for companies to address these risks. In terms of frequency, here in Australia we're looking at around 18% of compensation claims coming from workers being hit by moving objects, but those are just the claims – the frequency is likely higher. Around 28% of deaths and injuries come from such incidents, too. As I said earlier, that's just Australia; some industries don't keep statistics, but I wouldn't be surprised to find other countries report comparable rates. That's a lot of accidents that could be prevented with adequate safety measures.

    It's important to take an active approach. It's a lot easier and cheaper to address these risks during the installation or maintenance phases by adding barriers to the inside of guard railings on walkways and transporting systems and adding nets to fixed devices. There are safety mechanisms available, but it's up to the companies to install them. It is a lot more efficient to add barriers right from the start rather than waiting for an accident and then thinking, "Should we be safer?", when they should have reduced these risks from the start.

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