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题型:阅读理解 题类:常考题 难易度:困难

湖南省长沙市第一中学2017-2018学年高二上学期英语期中考试试卷

阅读理解

    Herbal medicine (草药), which has been used for medicinal purposes, is the use of plants to treat diseases. Many herbalists use the entire plant, from the flowers, stems, leaves, and roots, in the form of everything from teas to pills. These plants contain natural, chemical things that can treat the body for a variety of diseases- such as allergies, asthma, rheumatoid arthritis, migraine, chronic fatigue, and cancer, among others.

    Nowadays an increasing number of people prefer to adopt these plants to treat their diseases because, compared with chemical medicine, herbal medicine has its own advantages. Herbal medicine and remedies (治疗) are more effective than chemical medicine for certain diseases. The chemical medicine given by a chemist could have certain negative side effects. However, many of the herbal medicine and remedies do not have negative side effects. If any, they are softer than chemical medicine. Obesity is the cause of many of the health problems. Herbal medicine can help weight-loss more effectively and improve overall health.

    However, the cure using herbal medicine and supplements (营养品) would take some time, and therefore people are supposed to possess enough patience. Worse still, herbal medicine contains a variety of ingredients (成分) and people have to be sure that their body agrees with the ingredients and that it is not allergic (过敏).

    A point worth mentioning here is herbal remedies and medicine for certain illnesses may have negative side effects. These side effects may not be shown at once, but would take months or even years. In the early stages, if the herbal medicine is not agreeing with you, it is wise to stop using it.

    When used correctly and directed by doctors, herbs can help treat a variety of diseases. But keep in mind that the herbal medicine industry is not regulated, so herbal products are often misleading and may contain additives (添加剂) and that are not listed on the label (标签). Some herbs may cause allergic reactions or interact with other drugs, and some are poisonous if used improperly or at high doses (剂量). Taking herbs on your own increases your risk.

(1)、What is the main idea of Paragraph 1?
A、The origin of herbal medicine. B、The history of herbal medicine. C、The definition and function of herbal medicine. D、The naturally harmless characteristics of herbal medicine.
(2)、How does the author explain the advantages of herbal medicine?
A、By using examples. B、By making a comparison. C、By analyzing research statistics. D、By performing lots of experiments.
(3)、What is the author's attitude towards herbal medicine?
A、Negative. B、Disapproving. C、Unclear. D、Supportive.
(4)、Which of the following will the author agree with?
A、Choose safe herbal medicine freely. B、Take herbal medicine under the guidance of doctors. C、Use herbs together because the combination is more effective. D、Purchase herbal medicine from reliable manufacturers to ensure quality.
举一反三
根据短文理解,选择正确答案。

    Remembering names is an important social skill. Here are some ways to master it.

Recite and repeat in conversation.

    When you hear a person's name, repeat it. Immediately say it to yourself several times without moving your lips. You could also repeat the name in a way that does not sound forced or artificial.

    Ask the other person to recite and repeat.

    You can let other people help you remember their names. After you've been introduced to someone, ask that person to spell the name mad pronounce it correctly for you. Most people will be pleased by the effort you're making to learn their names.

Admit you don't know.

    Admitting that you can't remember someone's name can actually make people relaxed. Most of them will feel sympathy if you say. “I'm working to remember names better. Yours is right on the tip of my tongue. What is it again?”

Use associations.

    Link each person yon meet with one thing you find interesting or unusual. For example,you could make a mental note: “Vicki Cheng—tall, black hair. ” To reinforce your associations, write them on a small card as soon as possible.

Limit the number of new names you learn at one time.

    When meeting a group of people, concentrate on remembering just two or three names. Free yourself from remembering every one. Few of the people in mass introductions expect you to remember their names. Another way is to limit yourself to learning just first names. Last names can come later.

Go early.

    Consider going early to conferences, parties and classes. Sometimes just a few people show upon time. That's fewer names for you to remember. And as more people arrive, you can hear them being introduced to others—an automatic review for you.

阅读理解

    GLASGOW—the Chinese super star Lin Dan lost a thrilling men's singles final in straight games at the World Badminton Championships here on Sunday.

    The 33-year-old Lin,nicknamed Super Dan by his fans,was 9-13 behind in the first game as the 23-year-old Axelsen,who stands 1.95 meters,took command with powerful attacks.

    Lin,who won his fifth and last world title in 2013,managed to reach 13-13 with well-angled shots.They exchanged the lead several times before Lin took advantage at 20-19.Axelsen,the bronze medalist at last year's Rio Olympics,saved the game point and scored three points in a row for a 22-20 victory.The second game became a one-sided affair when Axelsen led all the way to win 21-16.Lin's expectation of winning a sixth world title was dashed by Denmark's Victor Axelsen.

    Axelsen became the third Dane to take world men's singles title following Peter Rasmussen in 1997 and Flemming Delfs in 1977.“It was a dream for me to win a world title,”Axelsen said.“I was shaking like a little child inside...Lin Dan is an idol for me.”

    Lin suffered his fourth defeat to Axelsen in their seven meetings,but he was satisfied with the result.“I am 34 at the end of this year and 35 next year.I think any player will find it very hard to play a world championships final at this age.I am satisfied with the result.”He added,“We both played well today.I should have killed off the first game when I led 20-19.But I made a mistake at the crucial time.If I won the first game,all the pressure would be at Victor's side.Unfortunately,I have to take all the pressure."

    Lin also dismissed any speculations about his retirement.“I will play in the Chinese National Games which kicks off tomorrow and then the Japan Open.I have been making very good preparations for this competition and I have showed that I am still strong enough physically.”

阅读理解

    Some people think the government should move the big companies and factories in cities to the countryside. To what extent do you agree?

    Due to the increased urbanization, there appears a bunch of heated social problems. Some people have noticed that there are many big companies and factories in the city and they believe that moving those big companies and factories into countryside could be a good way to solve many of the city problems, such as traffic issues and housing problems. However, I hold an opposite opinion to them and I will explain it as below.

    Cities have much more advantages than countryside. There are more cinemas, restaurants and shopping malls in cities, let alone better education and health care. Living in cities makes life more convenient and enjoyable. Thus not everyone is willing to move to countryside in spite of their companies' moving. They have got cars, which transfers them easily between work and home. Therefore, the pressure of traffic will not be released due to such solution. As for the available empty places spared by the big companies, the newest small companies will take good care of them—with the realization of the benefits that running a business in cities will bring to them. In other words, situation of housing will not be improved much.

    Besides, there will be more problems if big companies and factories move out. Where there are big companies and factories, there will be cities sooner or later. Consequently, countryside is to be disappearing. What's more, industrial pollution is not an easily mended problem.

    In conclusion, moving big companies and factories out of cities is never a final solution. It tackles(解决) no problem but causes lots of them. Just imagine. The traffic is still terrible, and there is no more scenic countryside. We should look into other ways to solve the problems.

阅读理解

    Discovering Tasmania

    The island of Tasmania a place of natural beauty and has more than 2,000 km of walking tracks and 18 national parks. If you go on a tour, you'll discover a wild and beautiful place where the people are friendly and the food is delicious. If you don't like walking, there are other tours you can choose from including a river cruise(巡游) and cycling. You can also enjoy fishing, sailing or sunbathing on the beach.

    The Tarkine coast is located in the northwest of Tasmania. It's such a wild and remote(偏僻) area that you can easily complete your walk without seeing anyone apart from the members of your group and your two guides. The area contains the largest rainforest in Australia which is home to more than 50 endangered species. It is also home to many Aboriginal Heritage Sites. During your tour, you'll come across rivers, mountain ranges, waterfalls, wildlife and long wild beaches.

    Tour Itinerary:

    Day 1:

    You're picked up from your hotel in Launceston and driven to the Tarkine. You then complete a three­hour walk through the forest before arriving at your camp at Mystery Creek. There you will enjoy a delicious meal cooked by your guides.

    Day 2:

    After breakfast, you continue deeper into the rainforest, passing some of the tallest trees in the world as you go, and stopping for lunch and then camp in the evening.

    Day 3:

    The exciting part of today's tour is the Tarkine Falls, a beautiful 15­metre waterfall.

    Day 4:

    You can stay at the camp and bathe in the Tarkine Falls, or you can go for a walk for more fantastic views of the forest.

    Day 5:

    After a last journey through the forest, you are picked up at about 4:00 p.m. and you arrive in Launceston at around 7:00 p.m.

    The tour includes two professional guides, transport to and from the rainforest, all food while on the tours and all safety equipment. You should buy or hire(租用) recommended camping equipment including: backpacks, sleeping bags, rain coats and trousers.

阅读理解

    Do you intend to study at an American university? It takes a long time to get accepted at most American schools, perhaps as much as a year. That's why you should start choosing a school as soon as possible. It's a good idea to apply to several different institutions, so that you'll have a better chance of acceptance at one. You should start looking for information now, because the more information you have about each college, the better choice you can make.

    There are two good ways to get information you need. One is a general reference (参考) book, called Guide to American Colleges and Universities. The other good source of information is the catalogue (目录) published by each school.

    You can study the general guide in almost any American library. This book has many useful statistics, such as the number of students, the average test scores for people accepted to the school, the number of books in the library, and the number of teachers. You can also find the address of each school in this book.

    Although the general guidebook has helpful information, some of the facts may be out-of-date. For example, many schools raise their tuition every year. Since you'll need to know what your education will cost, out-of-date information will not be good enough. Also, schools sometimes change their requirements for entrance. To be sure that you are getting present information, write to the university and ask for its catalogue. The catalogue has more detailed information. For example, the catalogue can tell you if there is a special foreign student advisor, what kind of courses are offered, and what kind of housing is available. Some universities have dormitories, but at others you have to find your own place to live.

    With all of this information, you should be able to pick out several good schools.

阅读理解

    Recently some American scientists have given a useful sincere piece of advice to people in industrialized nations that they would be much healthier if they ate more of the same kind of food eaten by humans living more than 10,000 years ago.

    The scientists say that the human body has changed very little since humans first appeared on the earth, but the way we live has changed greatly. Our body has not been able to deal with (处理,对付)these changes in life style and this has led to new kinds of sicknesses. These new sicknesses were not known in ancient times, so they are called "diseases of civilization". Many cancers and diseases of the blood system, including heart attacks and strokes (中风) are examples of such diseases.

    Scientists noted that people in both the Old Stone Age and the New Stone Age enjoyed very little alcohol (酒精) or tobacco (烟草), probably none. Ancient people also got a great deal of physical exercise, but a change in food is one of the main differences between life in ancient times and that of today.

    Stone-age people hunted wild animals for their meat, which had much less fat than domestic or tame ones (家畜). They also ate a lot of fresh wild vegetables and fruits. They didn't have milk or any other dairy products, and they made very little use of grains. But today, we eat a large amount of these. We eat six times more salt than our remote ancestors (祖先). We eat more sugar. We eat twice as much fat but only one third as much protein (蛋白质) and much less vitamin C.

    People today probably do not want to live the way people thousands of years ago did, but scientists say that we would be much healthier if we ate much the same way as remote ancestors did, cutting the amount of fatty, salty and sweet food.

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