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题型:阅读理解 题类:常考题 难易度:普通

河北省故城县高级中学2018届高三上学期英语期中考试试卷

阅读理解

    There are more bicycles than residents in the Netherlands,and in cities

like Amsterdam and The Hague up to 70% of all journeys are made by bike.

    The BBC's reporter,Anna Holligan,examines what made everyone get back in the saddle(车座).

    Before World WarⅡ,journeys in the Netherlands were mainly made by bike, but in the 1950s and 1960s,as car ownership increased quickly,this changed.As in many countries in Europe, roads became increasingly crowded.

    The jump in car number caused a huge rise in the number of deaths on the roads.In 1971 more than 3,000 people were killed by motor vehicles,and 450 of them were children.In response a social movement demanding safer cycling conditions for children was formed.Called Stop de Kindermoord,it took its name from the headline of an article written by journalist Vic Langenhoff whose own child had been killed in a road accident.

    The Dutch love of the motor vehicle was also shaken by the Middle East oil crisis of 1973,when oil-producing countries topped export to the US and Western Europe.

    These twin pressures helped to persuade the Dutch government to invest in improving cycling infrastructure(基础设施)and the Dutch urban planners started to change from the road-building policies designed mainly for cars.

    To make cycling safer and more inviting,the Dutch have built a vast network of cycle paths.These are clearly marked,have smooth surfaces,separate signs and lights for those on two wheels,and are wide enough to allow cycling side by side and overtaking.

    Even before they can walk,Dutch children live in a world of cycling.As babies they travel in special seats on bikes.As the children grow up they ride their own bikes.And,as the Dutch are not allowed to drive until 18,cycling offers teenagers an alternative form of freedom.

    The state also plays a part in teaching,with cycling lessons a compulsory(必修的)part in Dutch schools.All schools have places to park bikes and at some schools 90% of pupils cycle to class.

(1)、What does Anna Holligan intend to find out?
A、Why cycling is popular in the Netherlands. B、How journeys are made in the Netherlands. C、What's the main means of transport in the Netherlands. D、What makes the children like cycling in the Netherlands.
(2)、Stop de Kindermoord is aimed at__________.
A、advising people to travel by bike B、calling on more children to cycle C、improving cycling conditions for children D、asking the government to invest more in cycling
(3)、What resulted in the Dutch government's changing road-building policies?
A、More cars and road accidents. B、More cars and higher oil prices. C、Road accidents and oil shortage. D、A social movement and oil crisis.
(4)、What do we learn about the Dutch children?
A、They must get a license to ride a bike. B、They are not allowed to drive until 16. C、They must have cycling lessons at school. D、They don't use bikes when they are very young.
举一反三
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

    Every single human being on this planet has a path and purpose to fulfill, whether they realize it or not. {#blank#}1{#/blank#}

    List what you love and connect the dots. {#blank#}2{#/blank#}It may not make sense at first, but all of the things you enjoy doing are part of your path in one form or another, so grab a pen and a piece of paper and start writing. Once you have your list, take a step back and see how all these brilliant pieces might connect to the work you are meant to do.

    Identify what you do with ease. Often our passion and purpose are staring us right in the face, but it's so natural to us that we don't think anything about it. {#blank#}3{#/blank#} Just because they are easy for you doesn't mean that's the case for everyone else. By identifying what comes naturally to you, you have the ability to build on your strengths and help others in ways you never thought possible.

    {#blank#}4{#/blank#} Finding your passion is directly related to doing the things that light you up and set your soul on fire. If you love to teach, run, and host live events, then please, do them all! Who says your life purpose has to be just one thing? You are meant to experience life and all that it has offered.

    Ask others to help. If you are still feeling stuck in finding your passion and purpose in life, it might be time to ask others for help. It can be difficult for you to see where you truly shine because you are simply too close to connecting the dots on your own. Friends, family members and professionals have a view that you don't. {#blank#}5{#/blank#}

A. Do what makes you happy.

B. Find what you do with ease.

C. Don't overlook the things that are easy for you.

D. They can help you to see things within yourself.

E. You cannot count on others to help you completely.

F. Here are ways to find your passion and purpose from now on.

G. Identifying the things you love is the best way to find your passion and purpose.

阅读理解

    I was living a life in my screen and hardly noticed what was around me. So when my friends invited me to go camping for a long weekend without the cell service, I thought this was exactly what I needed. Here's how keeping away from my phone for 48 hours changed me.

    I realized my bedtime routine was usually centered on one thing: my phone. Right before I went to sleep, I browsed through news websites and checked my emails. When I woke up in the middle of the night, I did the same thing. The problem with this was I felt anxious every night. I felt free without my phone at that weekend camp. I felt asleep listening to the sound of crickets.

    When I had my phone, I was always checking the time and thinking of future plans. My thought was: “Who's going to text me now? What will I do next?” Without my phone, I truly savored what I was doing in the moment, sitting by the river, riding a bike, or singing the old songs. There was no need to rush through any of it. I listened to what my body wanted instead of what my phone was telling me to do.

    You know that moment when you're hanging out with a group of people and no one has anything to say? The typical response: Everyone immediately pulls out their phones. So what did we do without a phone to avoid embarrassing silences? We actually talked to each other. Instead of burying our faces in our screens, we looked one another in the eye, had a moment of pure human connection and then continued talking. And you know what? People actually listened.

    So, now what? Now I'm back to the real world.

阅读理解

    French writer Frantz Fanon once said: "To speak a language is to take on a world, a culture." Since the world changes every day, so does our language.

    More than 300 new words and phrases have recently made it into the online Oxford Dictionary, and in one way or another they are all reflections of today's changing world.

    After a year that was politically unstable, it's not hard to understand the fact that people's political views are one of the main drives of our expanding vocabulary. One example is "clicktivism", a compound of "click" and "activism". It refers to "armchair activists" — people who support a political or social cause, but only show their support from behind a computer or smartphone. And "otherize" is a verb for "other" that means to alienate (使疏远)people who are different from ourselves — whether that be different skin color, religious belief or sexuality.

    Lifestyle is also changing our language. For example, "fitspiration" — a compound of fit and inspiration — refers to a person or thing that encourages one to exercise and stay fit and healthy.

    The phrase "climate refugee" — someone who is forced to leave their home due to climate change—reflects people's concern for the environment.

 According to Stevenson, social media was the main source for the new expressions. "People feel much freer to coin their own words these days," he said.

    But still, not all newly-invented words get the chance to make their way into a mainstream (主流的) dictionary. If you want to create your own hit words, Angus Stevenson, Oxford Dictionaries head of content development, suggests that you should not only make sure that they are expressive (有表现力的) and meaningful, but also have an attractive sound so that people will enjoy saying them out loud.

阅读理解

    There are many programs for high school students today that help lonely teenagers deal with loneliness. However, loneliness is not only an issue for teens but also an important and rarely acknowledged one in the elderly.

    In Britain, Tracey Crouch was appointed to be the first Minister of Loneliness in order to address the issues caused by loneliness. This is the first time such a position has been created.

    In Britain, there are around 9 million people who say they are lonely frequently. In Germany, a study conducted by Ruhr University Bochum found that 20 percent of people over the age of 85 felt lonely, and 14 percent of those between age 45 and 65 felt socially lonely. In the United States, more than 25 percent of the population lives alone, more than 50 percent are unmarried.

    Loneliness is generally associated with heart disease, overweight, and anxiety. Additionally, the stress from loneliness can cause your cells to change on a molecular(分子)level that reduces its abilities to defend your body against diseases. In fact, doctors believe having feelings of loneliness is equivalent to smoking 15 cigarettes per day in regard to its effect on health!

    In Britain, the new Minister of Loneliness will help introduce government policies on the issue and fund a charity—an organization for helping people in need, to devote their efforts towards aiding loneliness. There are charities that link lonely seniors to high school students in order to give them a line of communication whenever they feel lonely!

    The possibilities for the new Minister of Loneliness are endless. For example, she can provide education services to household businesses so that they can identify lonely customers if they see one. Loneliness fits into the category of being a social issue that must be monitored by the entire community in order to help those in need. Therefore, government involvement in medical services and care for seniors and others is vital for happy seniors.

阅读理解

    As people age, the body changes in all sorts of predictable ways. Brains can slow. Wounds take longer to recover. And sleep patterns(模式) shift, too. This can come as news to many, says Michael V. Vitiello, a psychologist at the University of Washington who is expert in sleep in aging.

The most noticeable—and often most annoying—changes are how sleep and wake-up times change and sleep gets lighter, often beginning in middle age. Gone are weekend sleep to 11 a.m. and the ability to sleep through a noisy garbage truck down the block.

But not every restless night can be ignored. Studies have found that poor sleep can create a particular threat to older adults—Falls, depression and anxiety, problems with memory, and increased suicide(自杀) risk are among the effects of sleep issues in this population group that researchers have found. But scientists are still unsure why those risk connections exist.

    What is clear is the connection between good sleep and psychological well-being in older adults. A 2010 study showed us that connection when it came to sleep quality, but sleep quantity didn't show the same effects. And that, experts say, may be the key to understanding sleep as you age. If you're sleeping less, but don't feel negative effects out of bed, the changes you notice may just be normal age-related.

    Over time, Vitiello says, sleep patterns simply change. "A lot of older adults recognize that they don't sleep the same as they did when they were 18, but they can still function and they're OK. And all is well with the universe."

阅读理解

    The Adler Planetarium(天文馆) is part of the lake front's "Museum Campus", which along with the Shedd Aquarium(水族馆) and Field Museum, attracts a huge number of visitors every year. The Adler Planetarium is included with the purchase of a Go Chicago Card.

    Address: 1300 South Lake Shore Drive

    Phone: 312-922-STAR(7827)

    Getting to the Adler Planetarium by Public Transportation:

    Either the south-bound CTA bus line #146(Marine-Michigan), or Red Line CTA train south to Roosevelt, then take a Museum Campus trolley (电车) or take the CTA bus #12.

    Driving from Downtown of Chicago:

    Lake Shore Drive (US 41) south to 18th Street. Turn left onto Museum Campus Drive and follow it around Soldier Field. Look for signs that will point you to the visitor parking garage. The Adler Planetarium is just northeast of the parking garage.

Parking at the Adler Planetarium:

    There are several lots(停车场) on the Museum Campus, but most tend to fill up quickly and your best bet is in the main parking garage. Parking for all lots is $ 15 per day.

    Adler Planetarium Hours:

    Daily: 9:30 a. m. -- 4: 30 p. m. The Adler Planetarium is open every day except     Thanksgiving Day and Christmas. Extended Hours: From Memorial Day to Labor Day, the Adler Planetarium is open from 9: 30 a.m.--6: 00 p. m. daily.

    Adler Planetarium Tickets:

    General Admission(exhibits only): Adults, $ 7; Seniors (aged 65+), $ 6;Children(ages 4--11), $5.

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