As is known to all of us, Beijing Opera is one of the most important opera styles in China. It is an art on the stage which has about 200 years' history. It is not only a treasure of the Chinese nation but also a cultural symbol of China. Similar to western operas, Beijing Opera is a combination of singing, dancing, martial arts, music and literature, so it is also called the "Oriental (东方的) Opera" by western people.

    Beijing Opera uses special imagery in creating the characters. All roles are divided according to sex, personality, age and profession and social status. Hangdang is the general term for role in Beijing Opera. There are four types of roles in Beijing Opera today. They are sheng, dan, jing and chou. The sheng is the male protagonist (主角), the dan the female protagonist, the jing (painted face) a male supporting role with a different characteristics, and chou (clown) a comic or negative figure. Each kind of role has their own face-painting and dressing to indicate their identities.

    The Opera's performance requires not only the gentle voice but also the proficiency (熟练) of martial actions. A successful opera actor must suffer from the tough practicing period. In the old time, the children of poor families were sent to the opera group in order to earn a living. While now, the real opera artists are well respected by opera lovers.

    Mei Lanfang, one of the most remarkable performing artists in Beijing Opera, was born in Beijing into a poor family. His life was bitter and he had no opportunity to go to school, so he went to the troupe (戏班子) when he was 8 years old to learn Beijing Opera. Mr. Mei was on the stage when he was 11 years old to perform the plays of Beijing Opera. He has been an opera actor for more than 50 years, performing hundreds of traditional plays and over 30 modern plays. He portrayed many bright and lifelike female figures on the stage and became the model in Chinese Beijing Opera and even within the entire artistic circle.

The world itself is becoming much smaller by using modern traffic and modern communication means. Life today is 1 easier than it was hundreds of years ago, but it 2 new problems. One of the biggest is pollution. To pollute means to make things dirty. Pollution comes in many ways. We 3 see it, smell it, drink it and even hear it. 

Man has been polluting the earth. The more people, the more pollution. Many years ago, the problem was not so serious 4 there were not so many people. When the land was used up or the river was dirty in a place, men moved to another place. But this is no longer true. Man is slowly polluting 5 whole world. 

Air pollution is still the most serious. It's bad to all living6 in the world, but there is not only one kind of pollution. Water pollution kills our fish and pollutes our drinking water. Noise pollution makes us7 angry more easily.

Many countries are making rules to fight pollution. They stop people from 8 coal in houses and factories in the city, and from blowing dirty smoke into the air. 

The pollution of SO₂ is now the most dangerous problem of air pollution. It 9 by heavy traffic. It is certain that if there are fewer people driving, there will be less air pollution. 

The earth is our home. We must take care of it. That means keeping the land, water and air clean. And we must be careful of the rise in population 10 the same time.

注意：

1. 词数：80-100词， 必须包含所给要点， 可适当发挥；

2. 文中不得出现真实的人名和校名；

Xiajiang Village is in Chun'an County (县), Zhejiang and has a population of about 800. It takes about 3 hours to drive from Hangzhou to get to the small village. It is famous for its beautiful views. Many tourists like to spend their holidays here. 

The village has a history of over 800 years. The first people here were from Sichuan during the Northern Song Dynasty. From then on, they have called the village home. 

It has beautiful views, but the village is far from big cities. So few people knew about it in the past. One part of the famous movie My People My Homeland was made here in 2020. The successful movie has brought a lot of tourists here from then on. 

Tourists like the green mountains, fresh air and clean water here. Everywhere in the village, you can notice green grass, red flowers and nice trees. There are also many things for tourists to do here. They can learn to make zongzi, visit farmers' houses and learn some farming work. At night, they can live in bed-and-breakfast places. The village was named in the list (名单) of Best Tourism (旅游) Villages in 2023. 

It is never very hot in summer or very cold in winter. So come and see the beautiful village at any time of the year. 

Everyone has a family name. Do you know how English people get their family names?

※Some family names come from the places of their homes. If a man lives on or near a hill, his family name may be Hill. Also, people's family names may be Lake, because they live near a lake. 

※Some family names come from a person's job. If a person is a miller(磨坊工), his family name may be Miller. 

※ Many people get their family names from their fathers' family names. If you hear the name" Jackson", you can know that he is the son of Jack. 

※Some family names come from a person's characteristics(特征). If a person is white, his family name may be White.