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题型:阅读理解 题类: 难易度:普通

河北省部分地区2024-2025学年高三上学期开学考试英语试卷

 阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

There is increasing evidence suggesting that ultra-processed food addiction is indeed a significant issue. These foods, which are carefully manufactured in industrial factories rather than in the familiar setting of grandma's kitchen, are filled with altered ingredients that are artfully combined to enhance fat, sugar, and salt levels. Moreover, they contain a lots of flavor and sensory enhancers, which render them irresistibly appealing. Examples of ultra-processed foods range from packaged snacks to fast food and mass-produced desserts. In fact, they account for nearly 60 percent of the calories consumed in the United States.

Studies have revealed that up to 20 percent of adults and 15 percent of kids and adolescents might exhibit signs of addiction to these foods, a phenomenon that has been recognized for decades as rat studies in the 1980s demonstrated that the brain's reward system is powerfully activated when rats consume certain foods, a reaction similar to that when they self-administer cocaine.

In recent years, as the obesity rate in America has soared to 42 percent, especially among Black and Hispanic populations, scientists have been devoting increased attention to the impact of ultra-processed food addiction. These foods not only activate the brain's reward system but also may involve the gut-microbiology. Symptoms of craving and withdrawal are clearly evident with ultra-processed foods. People will go to great lengths to obtain these foods, and when they are refused, they may experience a series of discomforts such as headaches, fatigue, and irritability(易怒的). A study in 2022 found that ultra-processed foods meet the same addiction criteria as tobacco products.

High consumption of ultra-processed foods is linked to numerous health problems, including heart disease, type 2 diabetes, obesity, depression, anxiety, and an increased risk of death. Thin people can also be addicted, perhaps burning off the extra calories through exercise or having a genetic predisposition(易患病体质) not to gain weight easily. Food companies argue against denying these foods, but experts advocate for clear nutritional labels and restrictions on marketing to children. Treating food addictions remains an open question, but there is hope that people will become more aware of the dangers, just as they did with smoking.

(1)、What is paragraph 1 of the text mainly about ?
A、The ultra-processed food's calorie. B、The ultra-processed food's production. C、The ultra-processed food's feature. D、The ultra-processed food's popularity.
(2)、What has the rat study found about ultra-processed food in 1980s ?
A、It works like cocaine. B、It will reward the brain. C、It has powerful addiction. D、It is same as cocaine.
(3)、Which is the disadvantage of ultra-processed food according to this text ?
A、It has much more calories than any other foods. B、It will make you addicted and feel uncomfortable. C、It will make those who is genetic predisposition ill. D、It will burn out all your calories in your body.
(4)、What's the writer's opinion about the ultra-processed food in the future ?
A、It must be resolved someday. B、It will automatically disappear. C、It is a dangerous question. D、It is a question to be resolved.
举一反三
阅读理解

    First aid is emergency care for a victim of sudden illness or injury until more skillful medical treatment is available. It may save a life or improve certain vital signs including pulse, temperature,a clear airway(气道), and breathing. In minor emergencies,first aid may prevent a victim's condition from turning worse and provide relief from pain. First aid must be   administered as quickly as possible. In the case of the Critically injured, a few minutes can make a difference between complete recovery and loss of life.

    First­aid measures depend upon a victim's needs and the provider's level of knowledge and skill. Knowing what not to do in an emergency is as important as knowing what to do. Improperly moving a person with a neck injury, for example,can lead to permanent spinal (脊柱的) injury and  paralysis (瘫痪).

    Despite the variety of injuries possible, several principles of first aid apply to all emergencies. The first step is to call for professional medical help. The victim, if conscious(有意识的), should be reassured that medical aid has been requested,and asked for permission to provide any first aid.  Next,assess the scene, asking other people or the injured  person's family or friends about details of the injury or illness,any care that may have already been given, and preexisting conditions such as diabetes (糖尿病) or heart trouble. The victim should be checked for a medical bracelet (手镯) or card that describes special medical conditions. Unless the accident scene becomes unsafe or the victim may suffer further injury,do not move the victim.

    First aid requires rapid assessment of victims to determine whether life­threatening conditions exist. One method for evaluating a victim's condition is known by the acronym(首字母缩写词)ABC,which stands for:

    A—Airway: Is it open and clear?

    B—Breathing: Is the person breathing? Look, listen, and feel for breathing.

    C—Circulation: Is there a pulse? Is the person bleeding externally? Check skin color and temperature for additional indications of circulation problems.

阅读理解

Dear Dani,

    My friend makes up stories about things she has done all the time and other people at school believe her. What should I do?

Anna

Dani says:

    Often people make things up because they're worried that they are not interesting. So let your friend know that she doesn't need stories to make friends or impress (给……留下深刻印象) others. Point out that when others discover the truth, they won't be impressed at all.


Dear Dani,

    I have two best friends and they're always leaving me out! They never invite me to anything. What can I do?

Tom

Dani says:

    Groups of three can be very difficult because one person often gets left out. Your friends may not realize how you feel. Talk to them about this and agree to plan the next outing together. With a bit of effort, a group of three can be a wonderful friendship!


Dear Dani,

    I told my friend a secret, but then I found out she told it to somebody else. What can I do?

Daisy

Dani says:

    We all make mistakes so give your friend another chance. But tell her that your secret is important to you and that she must not do this again. If your friend finds it hard to keep a secret, be careful what you tell her in future.


Dear Dani,

    I'm friends with a boy, but some girls keep laughing at me about it. Can't girls be friends with boys as well?

Mary

Dani says:

    Of course girls can be friends with boys. Some girls laugh at this because they don't really know any boys. Carry on enjoying your friendship. If the girls got to know this boy, they might stop teasing you. Why not invite one or two of them along next time you meet him?

阅读理解

    Sandra Cisneros was born in Chicago in 1954 to a Mexican American family. As the only girl in a family of seven children, she often felt like she had "seven fathers," because her six brothers, as well as her father, tried to control her. Feeling shy and unimportant, she retreated (躲避) into books. Despite her love of reading, she did not do well in elementary school because she was too shy to participate.

    In high school, with the encouragement of one particular teacher, Cisneros improved her grades and worked for the school literary magazine. Her father encouraged her to go to college because he thought it would be a good way for her to find a husband. Cisneros did attend college, but instead of searching for a husband, she found a teacher who helped her join the famous graduate writing program at the University of Iowa. At the university's Writers' Workshop, however, she felt lonely-a Mexican American from a poor neighborhood among students from wealthy families. The feeling of being so different helped Cisneros find her "creative voice".

    "It was not until this moment when I considered myself truly different that my writing acquired a voice. I knew I was a Mexican woman, but I didn't think it had anything to do with why I felt so much imbalance in my life, but it had everything to do with it! That's when I decided I would write about something my classmates couldn't write about."

    Cisneros published her first work, The House on Mango Street, when she was twenty-nine. The book talks about a young Mexican American girl growing up in a Spanish-speaking area in Chicago, much like the neighborhoods in which Cisneros lived as a child. The book won an award in 1985 and has been used in classes from high school to graduate school level. Since then, Cisneros has published several books of poetry, a children's book, and a short-story collection.

阅读理解

    This past summer I went on a journey to Canada's Arctic with Students On Ice. When I left Calgary I wondered what I would find what I would learn and who I would meet. On the trip to Ottawa I was wrapped in a blanket of uncertainty and excitement. But when I first met the group of students, scientists and leaders, I knew that l didn't have anything to worry about. The group was amazingly receptive and I was soon part of a big family setting out on an amazing adventure—an adventure of a lifetime!

    When we reached the Arctic I saw a vast Land that appeared untouched and original. I was surprised by its great size and beauty and my senses were repeatedly shocked and amazed. I stood on the Kapitan Khlebnikov and saw twelve polar bears. They walked in search of seal holes, and patiently waited for a meal. I learned that polar bears are successful only one out of every twenty hunting attempts.

    However, I learned that the Arctic and its people are being threatened by pollution and global warming. I learned that pollutants are carried by ocean and air and have a bad effect on all Arctic people. I learned that global warming has put polar bears at risk because a warmer climate means that they have a shorter time to hunt seals on the ice.

    The trip was a feast (盛宴) for the senses. I have learned more about our environment, and particularly how alive and interesting the Arctic is and why it is so important to take care of it. I learned pollution, ignorance of individual and global problems need to be solved. The Arctic deserves to be preserved. My trip with Students On Ice has made me more determined to try to ensure that I do not leave harmful footprints on either Earth or its people.

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