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题型:阅读理解 题类: 难易度:普通

外研版(2019)选择性必修 第二册Unit 3 Times change! Section A课时练习

 阅读理解

It is amazing how many of the things in science fiction and movies have become reality.For instance,in the movie Star Trek,the workers could go to a replicator(复制器) and order food,drinks or anything they could program into the computer.Before long,the item would appear.This is possible today,in a way,with technology we have had for years.

Several manufacturers(制造商) have created 3D printers.One company,MakerBot,has created a printer that the average person can afford.It is called The Replicator.You can download a lot of design software from the Internet for use with The Replicator.In the near future,rather than going to a store to buy what you need,you may be able to download what you want from the Internet and print it out at home.

The process was first used with music.At the very beginning,music was recorded onto plastic disks with etching(蚀刻法).Music can now be copied without a physical product.____ Rather than having to buy a physical book or magazine,you can now download them from the Internet in digital form.

This technology is already used in engineering and architecture.Melissa Shoes,a Brazilian foot wear company,is using this technology to create shoes.Rather than having to go through the current process of product design and development,the company is able to design and print shoes for display to see how well they will sell before having lots of them made.

(1)、What is the purpose of referring to Star Trek in the first paragraph?
A、To recommend the movie. B、To introduce the topic of 3D printers. C、To compare science fiction with reality. D、To show the author's love for 3D printers.
(2)、What do we know about The Replicator created by MakerBot?
A、It is not too expensive. B、We can download software from it. C、It can print whatever we want. D、It'll replace shopping in the future.
(3)、Which of the following can best fill in the blank in the third paragraph?
A、The process helps sell more books. B、But books are still printed in physical form. C、The same is also true of books and magazines. D、3D printers can also be used in the music industry.
(4)、What is the last paragraph mainly about?
A、The uses of 3D printers. B、The future of 3D printers. C、3D technology companies. D、The principle of 3D printers.
举一反三
根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

    On a hot summer day, there are few things that are more wonderful than a nice cool pool.

    {#blank#}1{#/blank#}And it is completely relaxing. Of course, if you have children, there are certain measures you should take to keep them safe, whether you have a pool in your backyard or you are going to a public pool.

    People should never swim by themselves. Actually it only takes a second for people to become injured and drown(溺水). {#blank#}2{#/blank#}This is especially true for young children.

    Splashing(玩水) is fun, but don't take it too far. {#blank#}3{#/blank#}Kids love to go after one another through the water and to splash and jump around. But it is important to teach children not to jump on top of one another and to watch their surroundings in the water, so that they do not accidentally knock into others.

    If you have a pool, you must have a locking gate around your pool. {#blank#}4{#/blank#}Keep the gate knocked at all times, even when you are in the pool.

    Know the way out. {#blank#}5{#/blank#} Make sure that they know where all ladders are and how to enter and get out of the pool properly. Although your children may be able to lift themselves out of the pool using the side, that is not the safest way to go.

A.Kids should be taken good care of when they are swimming in the pool.

B.This is to prevent children from entering your pool without your knowledge.

C.And having someone there with you can make the difference between life and death.

D. Be sure to show all children the proper way to get out of the pool.

E.Even so, attempt to avoid getting any pool water into your mouth.

F. Jumping into the water seems like the perfect way to deal with the heat.

G. .Playing around in the pool can be a lot of fun.

阅读理解

    A young Los Angeles actor in need of a second job to pay his bills has come up with a brilliant way to supplement his income-people walking.

    Chuck McCarthy originally considered becoming a dog walker to earn some extra cash, but soon realized that the job required more than walking dogs on a leash. However, walking people didn't require much when they were out on walks. Chuck realized there was money to be made if he walked people around Los Angeles instead.

    It might sound like a joke, but The People Walker, as he calls himself, is very serious about his new job. For $7 per mile, he offers to walk with clients around L.A., listening to their problems or simply making conversations and offering them a sense of security. At 6-feet, 2-inches, and sporting a bulky figure and bushy beard, Chuck doesn't look like the kind of guy you'd want to mess with.

    Chuck's services are aimed at people who need a motivational boost to go walking, those who don't feel safe walking alone in some areas, and those who are afraid that people might see them walking by themselves and think that they have no friends. "I wear my The People Walker shirt upon request and on the first walk with a new client, so they can be 100% sure it's me," McCarthy says. However, he admits some people are a bit uncomfortable with this policy, as they don't necessarily want everyone to know that they're being walked.

    So far, Chuck McCarthy has already had another five people walkers employed, covering various areas, like downtown L.A., Hollywood, Eagle Rock, or Fairfax. Once he posted signs around the city, his phone started ringing and clients began rolling in. And with all the free publicity he has been getting in the press lately, more requests are coming.

    While he hopes that his acting career will pick up soon, in the meantime Chuck is very happy with his people walking business. After all, it's literally a walk in the park and it pays the bills.

根据短文理解,选择正确答案。

    There are many idioms in English. An idiom is a phrase that we can't understand from the meaning of each word. The following are some of them.

As the crow flies

    When a bird flies from place to place, it takes the most direct route. But when people drive, they have to follow roads and often go farther. When people give a distance "as the crow flies", they mean the shortest distance between the two points, not the distance you would have to travel by following roads.

    As Dan and his mum drove along the river, they could see the beach on the opposite side. Dan asked "How far is it to the beach?"

    "It's only about a quarter of a mile as the crow flies" his mother said.

Blow hot and cold

    In one of Aesop's Fables, a man blows on his fingers to warm them up and then blows on his soup to cool it down. In both cases, the man is opening his mouth, but what comes out is different. If a person says one thing and later says the opposite, we say that the person is blowing hot and cold.

    "Is Felicia going to try out for the soccer team this year?" Stacy asked.

    "I don't know," Tricia replied." Last week she was saying yes, but this week she's saying no. She's really blowing hot and cold."

Break the ice

    Nowadays people use the phrase to refer to ending an awkward silence by beginning a conversation.

    It was the first day of summer camp. The four girls began to make their beds in silence. None of the girls knew each other, and no one knew what to say. Finally, one of them broke the ice by saying" Hey, where's everybody from?"

Bury the hatchet

    In native American culture, when two nations agreed to end their war, they buried the hatchet. So to bury the hatchet is to make peace with someone else.

Colin could not excuse his sister for breaking his tennis racket. Finally, his sister said, "Colin, can't we bury the hatchet?"

阅读理解

    You may think, salt is just a simple cooking element we shake on our food for a little extra taste. But salt is much more than that. Without salt our muscles would not move. Our nervous systems would not operate. Our hearts would not beat.

    But do not think rubbing salt into a wound will help. Doing that would be painful and not heal the wound. “To rub salt into a wound” is an idiom that means to purposefully make a bad situation worse.

    Early humans got the salt they needed to stay alive from the animals they killed. But advances in agriculture led to a diet low in salt. So, humans needed to find other sources. Those who lived near the ocean or other natural sources for salt were lucky. Those who did not had to trade for salt. In fact, people used salt as a method of payment in many parts of the ancient world. The word “salary” comes from the word “salt”.

    Salt also played an important part in population movement and world exploration. Explorers understood that if they could keep food fresh, they could travel longer distances. So they used salt to preserve food and explore the world.

    Salt was so important that, according to food historians, it was traded pound-for-pound for gold. Today, people still use the expressions “worth one's salt” or “worth one's weight in salt”. The expressions describe a person of value.

    A person might also be called “salt of the earth”. That description means he or she is dependable and trustworthy. However, when you say “I think we should take what he said with a grain of salt”you mean you accept it but maintain a degree of doubt about its truth.

阅读理解

    Like many other people who speak more than one language, I often have the sense that I'm a slightly different person in each of my languages­more confident in English, more relaxed in French, more emotional in Czech. Is it possible that, along with these differences, my moral compass (指南针) also points in somewhat different directions depending on the language I'm using at the time?

    Psychologists who study moral judgments have become very interested in this question. The findings of several recent studies suggest that when people are faced with moral dilemmas (困境), they do indeed respond differently when considering them in a foreign language than when using their native tongue.

    In a 2014 paper led by Albert Costa  volunteers were presented with a moral dilemma known as the "trolley problem": imagine that a runaway trolley is moving quickly toward a group of five people standing on the tracks, unable to move. You are next to a switch that can move the trolley to a different set of tracks, therefore sparing the five people, but resulting in the death of one who is standing on the side tracks. Do you pull the switch?

    Most people agree that they would. But what if the only way to stop the trolley is by pushing a large stranger off a footbridge into its path? People tend to be very hesitant to say they would do this, even though in both situations, one person is sacrificed to save five. But Costa and his colleagues found that presenting the dilemma in a language that volunteers had learned as a foreign tongue dramatically increased their stated willingness to push the sacrificial person off the footbridge, from fewer than 20% of respondents working in their native language to about 50% of those using the foreign one.

    Why does it matter whether we judge morality in our native language or a foreign one? According to one explanation, such judgments involve two separate and competing ways of thinking­one of these, a quick, natural "feeling," and the other, careful deliberation about the greatest good for the greatest number. When we use a foreign language, we unconsciously sink into the more careful way simply because the effort of operating in our non-native language signals our cognitive (认知的) system to prepare for difficult activity.

    An alternative explanation is that differences arise between native and foreign tongues because our childhood languages are filled with greater emotions than are those learned in more academic settings. As a result, moral judgments made in a foreign language are less filled with the emotional reactions that surface when we use a language learned in childhood.

    There's strong evidence that memory connects a language with the experiences and interactions through which that language was learned. For example, people who are bilingual (双语的) are more likely to recall an experience if reminded in the language in which that event occurred. Our childhood languages, learned in the middle of passionate emotion, become filled with deep feeling. By comparison, languages acquired late in life, especially if they are learned through limited interactions in the classroom or dully delivered over computer screens and headphones, enter our minds lacking the emotionality that is present for their native speakers.

阅读理解

    Got 48 hours to relax yourself? You'll make full use of your timeand have great fun at these amazing destinations.

    Alabama: Gulf Shores

    For relaxing weekend getaways in Alabama, head south to the white-sand beaches of Gulf Shores. Get on the water for some deep-sea fishing. History lovers can get a lesson in the Civil War along a 90-mile path with more than a dozen historic sites.

    Alaska: Homer

    How does fresh seafood sound? You'll find it in Homer, located in south-central Alaska, which is either a short flight or a great four-hour scenic drive on the Seward Highway from Anchorage. Get your fill of fishing in Kachemak Bay, explore local trails and enjoy exceptional birding in this remote natural setting.

    Arizona: Sedona

    Adventurous types can get their fill in the magical red rocks of Sedona, which is said to be the location of healing centers of energy. People flood to the area to meditate, practice yoga and more. Sedona also offers fantastic hiking, off-roading, biking, and even climbing.

    Arkansas: Hot Springs

    Relax and renew in Arkansas' hot waters in Hot Springs, an art community with Art Deco architecture that is also the home of Hot Springs National Park. Make time for a visit to Bathhouse Row, a National Historic Landmark of eight bathhouses, and Superior Bathhouse Brewery, which produces beer made of the hot spring water inside the National Park. Don't miss these National Parks that are off the beaten path.

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