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题型:阅读理解 题类:常考题 难易度:普通

山西省长治市第二中学校2020-2021学年高一下学期英语期中考试试卷

阅读理解

The editor of the Cool Camping Britain chooses some of his favorite new finds in England, Wales and Scotland.

Cleadale, Isle of Eigg, Inner Hebrides

Is this Britain's most beautiful campsite? From the grassy point looking seaward to the mountains, it's not hard for campers to see how the island inspired fantasy landscapes in The Lord of the Rings.The campsite itself is as wild and wonderful as its setting.

Open April~September, pitches from £5 per tent per night.

Swattesfield, Thornham Magna, Suffolk

Deep in the wilds of north Suffolk, this seven-acre campsite has only been open for a few years, with two fields separated by a lake and surrounded by woodland. The position is perfect. It's a great place to do nothing and get into nature.You can set up your tent in the bottom field or the woodland beyond.

Open Easter~October, pitches from £10 per tent per night.

Pleasant Streams, near St Austell, Cornwall

This site, by a lake, is all about simple pleasures. Located in the former mining village, it has a summerhouse with books and games for a rainy day, many animals including pigs, hens, goats and ducks, and a pub just a 10-minute stroll (walk) away. There's very little to do here, no bells or whistles. Campfires are encouraged.

Open Easter~September, pitches from £10 per tent per night.

Troytown Campsite, St Agnes, Isles of Scilly

Its only campsite couldn't be in a more remote position. Isolation is its greatest asst (优点)-so bring plenty of books to read and don't expect a phone signal. But at least one of life's necessities is available. Lying on the hillside overlooking the bay and near the island of the Gugh, it might just win the prize for best beer garden view in England.

Open MarchOctober, pitches from 7.50 per tent per night.

(1)、Which place can you choose if you like a simple farm life?
A、Cleadale, Isle of Eigg, Inner Hebrides. B、Swattesfield, Thonham Magna, Suffolk. C、Pleasant Streams, near St Austell, Cornwall. D、Troytown Campsite, St Agnes, Isles of Scilly.
(2)、In Troytown Campsite, St Agnes, Isles of Scilly, you can't ________.
A、buy many books in the bookstore. B、get everyday necessities. C、view the bay from the hillside. D、communicate with others by phone.
(3)、What's the author's intention to write the passage?
A、To advertise the Cool Camping Britain. B、To introduce some beautiful Britain sites for campers. C、To attract film directors and photographers to Britain. D、To show us some interesting activities in Britain.
举一反三
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。

C

    As cultural symbols go, the American car is quite young. The Model T Ford was built at the Piquette Plant in Michigan a century ago, with the first rolling off the assembly line(装配线) on September 27, 1908. Only eleven cars were produced the next month. But eventually Henry Ford would build fifteen million of them.

    Modern America was born on the road, behind a wheel. The car shaped some of the most lasting aspects of American culture: the roadside diner, the billboard, the motel, even the hamburger. For most of the last century, the car represented what it meant to be American—going forward at high speed to find new worlds. The road novel, the road movie, these are the most typical American ideas, born of abundant petrol, cheap cars and a never-ending interstate highway system, the largest public works project in history.

    In 1928 Herbert Hoover imagined an America with "a chicken in every pot and a car in every garage." Since then, this society has moved onward, never looking back, as the car transformed America from a farm-based society into an industrial power.

    The cars that drove the American Dream have helped to create a global ecological disaster. In America the demand for oil has grown by 22 percent since 1990.

    The problems of excessive(过度的)energy consumption, climate change and population growth have been described in a book by the American writer Thomas L. Friedman. He fears the worst, but hopes for the best.

    Friedman points out that the green economy(经济)is a chance to keep American strength. "The ability to design, build and export green technologies for producing clean water, clean air and healthy and abundant food is going to be the currency of power in the new century."

阅读理解

    Visit one of the most outstanding prehistoric sites in the United Kingdom, and enjoy amazing historic English attractions. Please notice that every tour starts and ends in London. Have a tour with visiting Britain.

    Stonehenge Direct Tour

    Visit one of the most outstanding prehistoric sites in England and in the world: Stonehenge.

    Duration:1 day

    Price:Adults £29.99,Children £28.99

    Stonehenge and Bath Tour

    Enjoy a late breakfast before heading to the Stonehenge site and end your day with an original visit to the Roman Baths.

    Duration:10 hours(departure 10:30 a.m.,return 8:30 p.m.)

    Price:Adults £64,Children £60

    Stonehenge, Bath and Windsor Castle Tour

    Explore three of England's most popular sites to visit: Windsor Castle, Stonehenge and the Roman Baths.

    Duration:1 day(return 8:30 p.m.)

    Price:Adults £64.80, Children £61.20

    Stonehenge, Lacock and Bath Tour

    Come and feel the warmth of Bath, see the pleasant village of Lacock, and solve the mystery of Stonehenge.

    Duration:1 day(return 6 p.m.)

    Price:Adults £85,Children £78

    Stonehenge, Windsor and Oxford Tour

    Choose Stonehenge ,Windsor and Oxford Tour and enjoy ancient mysticism, royal history and illustrious knowledge.

    Duration:1 day

    Price:Adults £72, Children £68

    Stonehenge, Bath and Stratford Tour

    Take a tour to make the most of the English historic attractions:the Stonehenge site, Bath and Stratford, the birthplace of playwright William Shakespeare.

    Duration:1 day(return 8 p.m.)

    Price:Adults £79, Children £68

阅读理解

    Healthy, convenient and increasingly popular over the past few years, sushi has become as common a dish in the UK as in India or China. It's a popular lunch-choice for city-workers all over the country and you're never far from a restaurant or supermarket selling the traditional Japanese dish. But it turns out sushi may not be as healthy a choice as we thought — leading biologists have warned that it is in fact harming both the environment and our health.

    The UK sushi market is worth £69 million a year, but because we're eating so much of it, the tuna (金枪鱼) population in the oceans is dwindling. According to Professor Daniel Pauly and Dr Dirk Zeller, the leaders of British Columbia, Bluefin and yellowfin tuna populations have reached dangerous levels.

    Bluefin tuna is often served in high-end, excellent sushi restaurants, while yellowfin is more common in high-street sushi bars and supermarkets. Increasing global need means tuna populations are being overfished. Most of the UK's sushi comes from the Indian Ocean, but according to Professor Pauly we now only have 2-3 percent of what we had 200 years ago.

    Professor Pauly and Dr Zeller believe it is our love of healthy tuna that's causing the problems in our oceans. The fish is popular not just for its taste but for its health benefits. But while sushi has earned popularity for being low in calories and high in nutrients (营养物), we may have overestimated (高估) its health value.

    In advance of a lecture at the Zoological Society of London lately, Professor Pauly said he believes most high-street restaurants serve sushi that contains plastic microbeads (塑料微珠). “Microbeads are poison pills which take in all the pollutants and they are eaten by little fish which are then eaten by tuna.”

    So what should we eat instead? Dr Zeller and Professor Pauly are asking the public to step away from sushi and eat more fish like anchovies (凤尾鱼) — less attractive, but better for your health and the environment.

阅读理解

    You've heard of the fat suit and the pregnancy suit; now meet AGNES—the old person suit.

    AGNES stands for “Age Gain Now Empathy(换位体验)System” and was designed by researchers at MIT's AgeLab to let you know what it feels like—physically—to be 75 years old. “The business of old age demands new tools,” said Joseph Coughlin, director of the AgeLab. “While focus groups and observations and surveys can help you understand what the older consumer needs and wants, young marketers never get that Ah ha! moment of having difficulty opening a jar, or getting in and out of a car. That's what AGNES provides. ”

    Coughlin and his team carefully adjusted the suit to make the wearer just as uncomfortable as an old person who has spent a lifetime eating poorly and not doing much exercise. Special shoes provide a feeling of imbalance, while braces on the knees and elbows limit joint mobility. Gloves give the feeling of decreased strength and mobility in the hands and wrists, and earplugs make it difficult to hear high—pitched sounds and soft tones. A helmet with straps(带)attached to it presses the spine(脊柱), and more straps attached to the shoes decrease hamstring flexibility, and shortens the wearer's step.

    AGNES has been used most recently by a group of students working on a design of an updated walker. By wearing the suit they could see for themselves what design and materials would make the most sense for a physically limited older person. Coughlin said the suit has also been used by clothing companies, car companies and retail goods companies to help them understand the limitations of an older consumer.

    “AGNES is not the destiny of everybody,” he said. “She is a badly behaved lady who didn't eat and exercise very well. A secondary benefit we've found with AGNES is that it has become a powerful tool to get younger people to invest in their long-term health. ”

 Reading Comprehension

The ancient Egyptians thought so little of the brain that when a king died, they removed the brain from his body and threw it away. The Egyptians assumed, like many people before and after them, that consciousness — your mind and your thoughts existed in the heart.

Now we know that the mind is a product of the brain, but how exactly does this 1.5-kilo piece of matter create a mind that allows you to think about yourself, experience happiness and anger, or remember events that happened 20 minutes or 20 years ago? This isn't a new question. Today, however, powerful new techniques for visualizing the sources of thought, emotion, behavior, and memory are transforming the way we understand the brain and the mind it creates.

Have you ever stopped and thought, "What's wrong with me today? I just don't feel like myself"? Perhaps you were more tired or worried than usual — but somehow, you knew that something was different about you. This self-awareness - the ability to think about yourself and how you're feeling-is an important part of being human.

This part of of your mind has its origins in the prefrontal cortex — a region of your brain just behind your forehead that extends to about your ears. Before this area began to function (around age two), you didn't understand that you were a separate individual with your own identity. As this part of your brain developed, you became more aware of yourself and your thoughts and feelings.

Though humans may share certain emotions and recognize them in others, we don't all have the same emotional response to every situation. In fact, most emotional responses are learned and stored in our memories. The smell of freshly cut grass, for example, will generate happy feelings in someone who spent enjoyable childhood summers in the countryside, but not in someone who was forced to work long hours on a farm. Once an emotional association like this is made, it is very difficult to reverse it. "Emotion is the least flexible part of the brain," says psychologist Paul Ekman. But we can learn to control our emotions by becoming consciously aware of their underlying causes and by not reacting automatically to things in our environment.

For centuries, people have studied the brain, but it is only in recent years that we have really started to learn how it works. Nevertheless, there is still a long way to go before we understand our mind's many complexities.

 阅读短文,从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出一个与短文内容相符的最佳选项。

Everyone wants to be happy, but sometimes it can be difficult to feel happiness. That's because we have misunderstandings (误区) about happiness that can get in the way. The good news is that changing the way you think about happiness can help you to feel more joy each day.

Dr. Williamson from the charity Action for Happiness says, "Happiness is not about denying (拒绝承认) terrible feelings or being joyful all the time. It's about making the most of good times and learning to deal with bad times". Dr. Green believes that happiness comes when we feel good about who we ate and where our life is going.

Noticing when you feel happy and what you're doing or what's happening at that time can help you to find more happiness. For example, you may realize that working out a difficult puzzle makes you feel better than watching a favorite TV show. What helps you to feel happy might be different from what makes someone else happy.

Start a list of things that make you happy and keep adding to it as you discover new ones. Make time to do what you know makes you happy and remember that joy isn't only found in what you do for yourself—being kind and thoughtful to other people helps you feel happier, too.

There are misunderstandings that can make it hard to feel happy. One is that it's selfish (自私的) to be happy when other people are sad. However, stopping yourself from being happy doesn't make other people less sad. In fact, research has shown that happy people spread happiness to others. Another thing is thinking that you need lots of money and things to be happy. Studies have shown that when people win the lottery (彩票), they feel a short burst of happiness but they soon return to feeling the same as they did before they won. So it's important to notice the simple things that make you feel happy.

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