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题型:阅读选择 题类:模拟题 难易度:普通

江苏省苏州园区2020年九年级英语二模试卷

阅读理解

Would it surprise you to learn that, like animals, trees can communicate with each other and pass on their wealth to the next generation—their young trees?

    Suzanne Simard, forest ecologist (生态学家) at the University of British Columbia, explains how trees are much more complex (复杂的) than most of us ever imagined. Although Charles Darwin (达尔文) thought that trees are competing for survival of the fittest, Simard and her team have made a new discovery and showed just how wrong he was. In fact, the opposite is true: trees survive through their group work and support, passing around necessary nutrition (营养) such as nitrogen (氮) and carbon "depending on who needs it".

    Nitrogen (氮) and carbon are shared through miles of underground fungi (真菌) networks. This makes sure that all trees in the forest ecological system give and receive just the right amount to keep them all healthy. This system works in a very similar way to the networks of neurons (神经元) in our brains, and when one tree is destroyed, it influences all.

Simard talks about "Mother trees". These are usually the largest, oldest plants that on which all other trees depend. These "Mother trees" are connected to all the other trees in the forest by this network of fungi, and may manage the resources of the whole trees and plants in the forest. She explains how these trees pass on the wealth to the next generation, transporting important resources to young trees so they may continue to grow. When humans cut down "Mother trees" without paying attention to these highly complex "tree societies" of the networks on which they feed, we are reducing the chances to save the whole forest.

    "We didn't take any notice of it," Simard says sadly. "Mother trees" move nutrition into the young trees before dying, but we never give them chance. If we could put across the message to the forestry industry, we could make a huge difference towards our environmental protection efforts for the future.

(1)、The underlined sentence "the opposite is true" in Paragraph 2 probably means that trees      .
A、compete for survival B、protect their own wealth C、depend on each other D、provide support for dying trees
(2)、"Mother trees" are very important because they         .
A、look the largest in size in the forest B、pass on nutrition to young trees C、bring more wealth to humans D、know more about the "tree societies"
(3)、We can learn from the passage that       .
A、trees aren't as complex as we think B、Charles Darwin had the same opinion as Simard C、if "Mother trees" are cut down, they won't make difference to young trees D、trees can share resources with other ones by the underground fungi networks
举一反三
Mostly, inventions happen because someone works to solve a problem. Kids are natural inventors. They often create amazing thing from simple ideas. Here are a few examples that might make you wonder, "Why didn't think of that?"

Popsicles

Popsicles were invented by 11-year-old Frank Epperson in 1905. He forgot a drink of juice and left it with a stir(搅拌) stick in it outside on a cold night. The next day it was ice. Because of this he couldn't drink it any more, but he could eat it. It tasted good! These ice sticks became popular among kids at school in summer because they were delicious and helped them stay cool.

More than a hundred years later, popsicles are sill one of the best summer treats!

Crayon Holdans

When 11-year-old Cssidss Coldstein needed crayons for a school project, she had a hard time because, there were so many small or broken ones. She found some small clear plastic tubes(管子)at home. Although the tiny tube were usually filled with water to keep flowers fresh, she found that they fit tightly (紧紧地) around the crayons. She was now able to hold them easily. This is how she invented Caryon Holders.

Wristies

When snow gets in kids' gloves and their hands get wet, they feel uncomfortable. 10﹣year﹣old Kathryn Gregoary decided to do something about it. She created the wristies as she wanted to keep her wrists(手腕)warm and dry. Wristies are long gloves with no fingers and they are worn under your coat. They help you when you work in the cold because your hands stay warm while you use your fingers. With her parents' help, Kathryn also opened a small shop where she sold her wristie. And she still runs it today.

All these inventions have one thing in common—the kids were trying to solve problems in their lives. When you meet problems, what would you do? If the kids can do it , you can do it, too!

 阅读理解

①China published the world's first highly clear lunar geologic (地质的) atlas (地图集) on April 21. According to the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), it will provide up-to-date information for future lunar research and exploration.

②"These maps will help choose locations for future lunar research stations," Ouyang Ziyuan, a well-known lunar scientist, said. "They can also help us better know about the Earth and other planets in the solar system, like Mars."

③The world has seen great progress in the field of lunar science over the past half a century. However, the lunar geologic atlas that was developed during the Apollo Program remained unchanged. "As lunar geologic studies develop, those old maps can no longer satisfy future needs," said Liu Jianzhong, a CAS researcher.

④Since 2012, Ouyang and Liu have led a team of scientists from several research centers in compiling (编制) this atlas. Their work was mainly built on information gained from China's Chang'e Program. Information from other research projects and international tasks was also used.

⑤The new geologic atlas, which is published in both Chinese and English, presents a scale (比例尺) of 1: 2.5 million. Compared with the 1:5 million scale lunar maps from the US in 2020, these larger scale maps show more details. As well as the geologic history of the moon, they provide information on its 14 types of structures (结构) and 17 types of rocks. A total of 12,341 impact craters (撞击坑) and 81 impact basins have also been marked.

This atlas is set to serve many useful purposes, such as lunar resources research and science education. Liu said the upcoming Chang'e-6 task would also use the atlas. "Our maps can help the research by providing scientific support," he explained.

⑦"Compiling the atlas was a huge task, which included years of effort from a large number of researchers," said Gregory Michael, a German scientist. "It will be a starting point for every new question of lunar geology."

 根据短文内容,选择最佳答案。

①Do you yawn? There are about 20 reasons that scientists think are possible for yawning after research. They do not know exactly why yawning happens, but they do know many facts about yawning.

②We know that everyone yawns in the same way. First you open your mouth slowly. Your mouth stays open for about five seconds. You take in a lot of air and then push it out. Then you quickly close your mouth. We also know that yawning is contagious. When you see someone yawn, you yawn, too.

③Many people say they yawn because they are bored or tired. That might be true. People do often yawn before they sleep and after they wake up. However, we know that people also yawn when they are excited or nervous. Olympic runners, for example, often yawn before a race. Why is that? In 2007, scientists found that a yawn can help a warm brain cool down.

④Some scientists believe that yawning makes you notice things more quickly. When you yawn, you breathe deeply. You also stretch(强化)muscles(肌肉)in your face, mouth, and neck. Your eardrums stretch, too. Maybe this helps you to be quicker to notice things. That's why we yawn.

⑤In some countries, people think yawning is not nice. People put their hands over their mouths to cover a yawn. In other countries, people think yawning is healthy. They think that opening the mouth very big can let good things in. When they breathe out, they think that bad things go out of the body with the air.

⑥Scientists do not spend much time studying yawning. That is probably because yawning does not hurt. It is just something we do.

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