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题型:阅读理解 题类:模拟题 难易度:普通

河北省保定市2021届高三下学期英语第一次模拟考试卷

阅读理解

In our magazine's document room, from the June 1920 issue, I discovered a piece, What Editors Do, by Hazel Miller. What she talks about caught my eye: The first World War and its ending just two years before.

"During 1917 and 1918, when the World War was going, there was a huge demand for war material," Miller writes. "Most magazines were carrying practically nothing but war stories. When the War ended in November, 1918, some editors still had a goodly supply of war fiction and articles—for which they had paid real money—on their hands, which most people by now are fed up with."

Her words have stuck with me for the past 12 months as we've weighed which COVID-19 stories to run and which to hold. I'm writing these words with thick snow outside my window, but they will reach you in the green of spring. Will you be vaccinated(接种疫苗) and tired of reading about COVID-19 then?

We say writing is an art, and publishing is a business, but I worry we forget that publishing is also a gamble(赌博), Except for the immediate publication, everyone in the industry—agents, acquiring editors, magazine and journal editors, etc.—are betting on a story's success in a future we cannot see. As is the nature of fortune telling, we are not so sure we will not occasionally lose: The 1920 editors sitting on a store of war stories no one wants, for example.

With so many factors outside your control, and so much uncertainty in the industry, isn't it better to have stories written from the heart that you are truly enthusiastic about rather than some to please an ever-changing publishing market?

My future reader, it's my hope that this issue finds you this spring doing just that: Writing the stories you need to tell—and the ones that will delight your own future readers for years to come.

(1)、What does the writer probably do?
A、A journalist. B、An editor. C、A librarian. D、A historian.
(2)、What did Miller's words suggest?
A、The First World War shouldn't have ended too soon. B、Some editors would make a great fortune by storing war material C、In the post-war years, people still enjoyed reading about war. D、Too much war material had been stored by some editors.
(3)、The writer find Miller's words especially useful when_______.
A、deciding which COVID-19 stories to publish B、writing during the winter months C、waiting for the green of spring D、expecting to be vaccinated
(4)、What is the writer's message to the potential authors?
A、To please the present publishing market. B、To learn the nature of fortune-telling C、To control as many factors as possible. D、To write from the heart for the future readers.
举一反三
阅读下列短文:

Dear Alfred,

        I want to tell you how important your help is to my life.

        Growing up, I had people telling me I was too slow, though, with an IQ of 150 at 17, I'm anything but stupid. The fact was that I was found to have ADIID(注意力缺陷多动障碍). Anxious all the time, I was unable to keep focused for more than an hour at a time.

        However, when something did interest me, I could become absorbed. In highs chool, I became curious about the computer, and built my first website.Moreover, I completed the senior course of Computer Basics, plus five relevantpre-college courses.

        While I was exploring my curiosity, my disease got worse.I wanted to go to college after high school, but couldn't. So, I waskilling my time at home until June 2012 when I discovered the online computercourses of your training center.

Since then, I have takencourses like Data Science and Advanced Mathematics. Currently, I'm learning yourProbability course. I have hundreds of printer paper, covered in self-writtennotes from your video. This has given me a purpose.

        Last year, I spent all my timelooking for a job where, without dealing with the public, I could work alone,but still have a team to talk to. Luckily, I discovered the job—DataAnalyst—this month and have been going full steam ahead. I want to prove that Ican teach myself a respectful profession, without going to college, and be justas good as, if not better than, my competitors.

Thank you. You've given me hopethat I can follow my heart. For the first time, I feel good about myself because I'm doing something, notbecause someone told me I was doing well. I feel whole.

This is why you're saving my life.

Yours,

Tanis

根据短文理解,选择正确答案。

    From self-driving cars to carebots (care+robots) for elderly people, rapid development in technology has long represented a possible threat to many jobs normally performed by people. But experts now believe that almost 50 percent of occupations existing today will be completely unnecessary by 2025 as artificial intelligence continues to change businesses.

    “The next fifteen years will see a revolution in how we work, and a revolution will necessarily take place in how we plan and think about workplaces,” said Peter Andrew, Director of Workplace Strategy for CBRE Asia Pacific.

    A growing number of jobs in the future will require creative intelligence, social skills and the ability to use artificial intelligence.

    The report is based on interviews with 200 experts, business leaders and young people from Asia Pacific, Europe and North America. It shows that in the US technology already destroys more jobs than it creates.

    But the report states: “Losing occupations does not necessarily mean losing jobs — just changing what people do.” Growth in new jobs could occur as much, according to the research.

    “The growth of 20 to 40 person companies that have the speed and technological know-how will directly challenge big companies,” it states.

    A 2014 report by Pew Research found 52 percent of experts in artificial intelligence and robotics were optimistic about the future and believed there would still be enough jobs in the next few years. The optimists pictured “a future in which robots do not take the place of more jobs than they create,” according to Aaron Smith, the report's co-author.

    “Technology will continue to affect jobs, but more jobs seem likely to be created. Although there have always been unemployed people, when we reached a few billion people there were billions of jobs. There is no shortage of things that need to be done and that will not change,” Microsoft's Jonathan Grudin told researchers.

阅读理解

    For years,Hagelin has studied what role scents(气味)play in wild birds' behavior.In 2010,Hagelin heard Jan Straley,a marine biologist,talk about the behavior of whales.Straley mentioned that whales often leap into the air,but nobody knew why.

    The mystery interested Hagelin.So Hagelin asked Straley whether they might leap to smell the air—maybe to locate food or look for danger.Straley replied that it was an interesting idea but there wasn't much evidence that whales have a sense of smell.To investigate the idea further,the two scientists teamed up.

    In the summer of 2011,they set up a post on the coast of southern Alaska.The researchers spent hours monitoring the direction of the whales and of the wind.The whales headed into the wind half of the time.This didn't prove that whales leap to smell,but it suggested that it is possible.

    Meanwhile,other researchers in Alaska were studying a region of the brain called the olfactory bulb(嗅觉球)in whales.Olfaction means the ability to smell.Humans also process smells in the olfactory bulb.

    In identifying a scent,you might think the nose does all of the work.However,the major role of a nose is to draw chemicals on the air and pass them across sensing cells.As chemicals come into contact,they give signals that travel directly to the bulb and then in the brain for further interpretation.

    The researchers discovered that the bulb in a whale was more complex than the one in a human.In whales,this smell-processing center takes up a share of the brain six times larger than it does in humans.

    The brain research suggested that whales probably can smell just as well as people—and possibly better than humans can.It is supposed that a good sense of smell could help them find food more easily.

    However,Hagelin is not sure of that.Now he is planning a new study that will examine whether whales do use the sense of smell to find food.

阅读理解

    Sports shoes that work out whether their owner has done enough exercise to warrant(保证;授权) time in front of the television have been invented in the UK.

    The shoes — named Square Eyes — contain an electronic pressure sensor and a tiny computer chip to record how many steps the wearer has taken in a day. A wireless transmitter(传话器) passes the information to a receiver connected to a television, and this decides how much evening viewing time the wearer deserves, based on the day's efforts.

    The design was inspired by a desire to fight against the rapidly ballooning waistlines among British teenagers, says Gillian Swan, who developed Square Eyes as a final year design project at Brunel University to London, UK. “We looked at current issues and childhood overweight really stood out,” she says. “And I wanted to deal with that with my design.”

    Once a child has used up their daily allowance gained through exercise, the television automatically switches off. And further time in front of the TV can only be earned through more steps.

    Swan calculated how exercise should translate to television time using the recommended daily amounts of both. Health experts suggest that a child take 12,000 steps each day and watch no more than two hours of television. So, every 100 steps recorded by the Square Eyes shoes equals exactly one minute of TV time.

    Existing pedometers(计步器) normally clip(夹在) onto a belt or slip into a pocket and keep count of steps by measuring sudden movement. Swan says these can be easily tricked into recording steps through shaking. But her shoe has been built to be harder for lazy teenagers to cheat. “It is possible, but it would be a lot of effort,” she says. “That was one of my main design considerations.”

阅读理解

    It is that time of year when people need to lock their cars. It's not because there are a lot of criminals running around stealing cars. Rather, it's because of the good-hearted neighbors who want to share their harvest. Especially with this year's large crop, leaving a car unlocked in my neighborhood is an invitation for someone to stuff it full of zucchini(西葫芦).

    My sister-in-law, Sharon, recently had a good year for tomatoes. She and her family had eaten and canned so many that they began to feel their skin turn slightly red. That's when she decided it was time to share her blessings. She started calling everyone she knew. When that failed, she began to ask everyone in the neighborhood like a politician, eventually finding a neighbor delighted to have the tomatoes. "Feel free to take whatever you want," Sharon told her. She felt happy that she could help someone and that the food didn't go to waste.

    A few days later, Sharon answered the door. There was the neighbor, holding some bread. The neighbor smiled pleasantly, "I want to thank you for all of the tomatoes, and I have to admit that I took a few other things and hope you wouldn't mind."

    Sharon couldn't think of anything else in her garden that had been worth harvesting and said no. "Oh, but you did," the neighbor said. "You had some of the prettiest zucchini I've ever seen."

    Sharon was confused. Zucchini in her garden? They hadn't even plated any zucchini. But her neighbor insisted that there really were bright-green zucchini in her garden. The two of them walked together into the backyard. When the neighbor pointed at the long green vegetables, Sharon smiled, "Well, actually, those are cucumbers that we never harvested, because they got too big, soft and bitter for eating or canning."

    The neighbor looked at Sharon, shock written all over her face. Then she smiled, and held out the bread that she had shared all over the neighborhood, "I brought you a loaf of cucumber bread. I hope you like it."

阅读理解

    Think plants are just boring green things that you use for food and decoration? Think again! Plants are able to do some pretty awesome things that you're probably totally unaware of.

    Researchers have discovered that plants have the ability to communicate with an underground network made up of fungus (真菌) , which serves the plants in many ways. Tomato plants use the fungus web to warn each other of their own unhealthy conditions. Trees connected through the fungus network could move nutrients (养分) to and from each other. It is believed that larger trees move nutrients to smaller ones to help them to survive.

    Not only that, but they can also damage unwelcome plants by spreading poisonous chemicals through the fungus. It sounds like the plant world had the Internet before we did.

    Some plants have a rather impressive line of defense against being eaten. When sensing they are being swallowed, they give off a chemical into the air that attracts the insect's natural enemy. The enemy attacks the bug, thus saving the plants. This is basically the plant kingdom version of getting your older brother to beat up that kid who steals your lunch money.

    You might be aware that humans and animals have an internal clock. But did you know that plants also have this clock? This means they can prepare for certain times of day just like we do. Is it because they can react to light at sunrise? In a study, scientists found that plants use the sugars they produce to keep time, which help to regulate the genes responsible for the plant's own internal clock. So, in a sense, wake up with petunias (矮牵牛) is just as valid as ―wake up with the chickens.

    Nature is full of surprises. So for those of you who didn't know the wonders of plants, now you do.

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