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题型:阅读理解 题类:常考题 难易度:普通

人教版(2019)高中英语2020-2021学年必修三Unit 4课时素养评价3

阅读理解

Fancy your own satellite? Arizona State University is working towards making this a reality with its SunCube FemtoSat project. Smaller than a standard CubeSat, the low-cost student-designed spacecraft is aimed at providing greater access to space for scientists and hobbyists alike.

Assistant professor Jekan Thanga and a team of students have been developing the SunCube FemtoSat for the past two years. The small 3×3×3cm cube weighs just 35g and a longer (3×3×9cm, 100g) model has also been designed, which includes storage space.

Each SunCube FemtoSat has its own communication, data collection and propulsion (推进) systems and is powered by solar panels. It is made of off-the-shelf parts that are available in shops, and the energy-efficient solar panels are cut from scrap (碎片), which makes it save energy, sold at a discount by manufacturers. "With a spacecraft of this size, any university can do it," says Thanga. "That's part of our major goal—space discovery for everybody. "

The team says that while launching your own satellite would usually cost between US $ 60, 000-70, 000 per kilo, it would only cost $ 1, 000 to send a SunCube FemtoSat to the International Space Station, and $ 3, 000 to send it into low earth orbit. Leaving the earth's gravity would cost an estimated $ 27, 000.

The FemtoSat would be packed with a "jack in the box" style system that matches standard CubeSat sizes (around 10 cubic cm), simplifying the process of getting the tiny satellite into orbit. NASA has sent 30 CubeSats into space over the last years, with another 50 awaiting launch.

Thanga and his staff view the FemtoSat as a starting point for scientists and students, and even hope the device could be bought on the website like Amazon one day. Thanga imagines developing four main applications for the device, including hands-on testing experiences for students, and artificial gravity experiments. In addition, groups of SunCube FemtoSats could eventually be able to do the job of larger spacecraft at a vastly discounted cost.

(1)、What is the major goal of the SunCube FemtoSat project?
A、To act on teaching in outer space. B、To provide access to spacecraft design. C、To help carry out a classroom experiment. D、To help average individuals explore space.
(2)、What is special about SunCube FemtoSats?
A、They are of the same size. B、They are energy-efficient. C、They are mainly designed for lab use. D、They are mainly used to collect information.
(3)、What does Thanga expect of SunCube FemtoSats?
A、They'll be available online. B、They'll be provided for free. C、They'll match the size of CubeSats. D、They'll be sent into space with CubeSats.
(4)、What can be the best title for the text?
A、FemtoSats Will Rule Space B、Your Own Satellite Is Coming C、Going into Space Has Been Affordable D、You can Design Your Own Spacecraft
举一反三
阅读理解

    Everyone gathered around and Paddy read out loud, slowly, his tone growing sadder and sadder. The little headline said: BOXER RECEIVES LIFF SENTENCE.

    Frank Cleary, aged 26, professional boxer, was today found guilty of the murder of Albert Gumming, aged 32, laborer, last July. The jury(陪审团) reached its decision after only ten minutes, recommending the most severe punishment to the court. It was, said the Judge, a simple case. Cumming and Cleary had quarreled violently at the Harbour Hotel on July 23rd and police saw Cleary kicking at the head of the unconscious Gumming. When arrested, Cleary was drunk but clear-thinking.

    Cleary was sentenced to life imprisonment with hard labour. Asked if he had anything to say, Cleary answered, “Just don't tell my mother.”

    “It happened over three years ago,” Paddy said helplessly. No one answered him or moved, for no one knew what to do. “Just don't tell my mother,” said Fee numbly(麻木地). “And no one did! Oh, God! My poor, poor Frank!”

    Paddy wiped the tears from his face and said. “Fee, pack your things. We'll go to see him.”

    She half-rose before sinking back, her eyes in her small white face stared as if dead. “I can't go,” she said without a hint of pain, yet making everyone feel that the pain was there. “It would kill him to see me. I know him so well—his pride, his ambition. Let him bear the shame alone, it's what he wants. We've got to help him keep his secret. What good will it do him to see us?”

    Paddy was still weeping, not for Frank, but for the life which had gone from Fee's face, for the dying in her eyes. Frank had always brought bitterness and misfortune, always stood between Fee and himself. He was the cause of her withdrawal from his heart and the hearts of his children. Every time it looked as if there might be happiness for Fee, Frank took it away. But Paddy's love for her was as deep and impossible to wipe out as hers was for Frank.

    So he said, “Well, Fee, we won't go. But we must make sure he is taken care of. How about if I write to Father Jones and ask him to look out for Frank?”

    There was no excitement in the eyes, but a faint pink stole into her cheeks. “Yes, Paddy, do that. Only make sure he knows not to tell Frank we found out. Perhaps it would ease Frank to think for certain that we don't know.”

阅读理解

    A new tool of communication called the “drift diary” is doing the rounds among young college graduates.

    The “drift diary”, like those ancient paper messages put into a bottle left to drift on the high seas to reach hundreds of miles away, connects lonely hearts.

    The “drift diary” was first started by a Beijing woman, who goes by the Net name Little S, in 2007. It has become the preferred tool of communication among youngsters afraid to reveal their innermost self to peers, but wanting to share their lives with others.

    The way it works is that the initiator(发起人)of the diary mentions it on popular  Internet forums such as Tianya and Douban. Those wanting to react or otherwise add to the diary then send their real names and addresses to the initiator via e-mails or text messages.

    The numbers in one group are usually restricted to between 30 and 50. The diary then passes on to another by express delivery or personal handover. The diary writers are mostly anonymous but if they wish to reveal their identity they can do so by posting their contact information at the end of their postings.

    The diary writers add not just words but also decorate the plain notebooks with cartoons, drawings or even dress it up with a ribbon or a new cover. Interesting experiences, travel journals, the simple joys of everyday living or sweet recollections of childhood, all find a place in these diaries. Most often, though, the writers set down their frustrations and predicaments.

    It usually takes one year for a diary to return to the initiator. The last recorder is the luckiest one, with access to all previous entries, while others can request photocopies of these from the diary's initiator.

阅读理解

    Experts say that, among young Internet users, it's not boys who create most web content. The pioneers of the Internet at the moment are the girls.

    According to Jenny Baker, whose hobbies are designing icons(图示), most boys just aren't patient enough for blogging, uploading photographs, and creating their own websites. Jenny posts her pictures on her own website, and believes that most boys don't often have their own sites. She thinks it's mainly girls.

    And Jenny is right. A study shows that, among Internet users aged 12 to 17, a lot more girls blog than boys (35 percent of girls compared with 20 percent of boys). A lot more girls also work on their web pages (32 percent of girls compared with 22 percent of boys). Girls are also ahead of boys in working on websites for other people.

    Some girls have their own teenage podcasts(播客)which have become very successful and sometimes the creators have their own TV shows too. When asked what they think about the study that shows girls are more active on the web, they say that they're not surprised because girls are very creative, and sometimes more creative than boys.

    Other girl have started interactive(交流的)e-zines with articles written for girls by girls. “Girls from everywhere read our articles, and they ask lots of questions,” they say. “I think girls like to help other people more.” One expert said: “If boys were more interested in helping other people, the numbers would be different.”

    But if girls are more interested in computers, why do women only have 27 percent of computer-related jobs? Maybe this will change in the future—after all, girls like these will be in the job market before too long.

阅读理解

    I was with a group of businessmen, and we were dealing with a question — what is a good person?

    At a certain point during the discussion, one of the students, a young man of about 30, described an event that happened at Christmas. He and his five-year-old son were decorating the Christmas tree, and a little boy came to the front door begging. If you ever visit Mexico, you will see that the people there take begging as nothing to get upset about and nothing to get embarrassed by.

    So, this little boy came to the door, a boy about the same age as my student's son. The father and the son went to the front door, and the father went back with his five-year-old son and said to him, “Give him one of your toys.” At the words, the little boy quickly picked up one toy, and his father said to him, “No, no, give him your favorite toy.”

    And the little boy, like a little tiger, said, “No way!” He cried; he refused. But the father, like a big tiger in a way, insisted gently, “No, you must give him one of your favorite toys.”

    And finally the boy, with his head down, picked up a toy he had just gotten. The father waited in the living room, and the boy walked to the front door with the toy in his hand. The father waited and waited.

    What do you think happened?

    After a couple of minutes, his son came running back into the living room, his face lighted up. “Daddy,” he said, “can I do that again?” I think I have got the answer to the question.

阅读理解

    What's fiercer than a lion? The honey badger (蜜獾), one of the toughest mammals in Africa and western Asia. Honey badgers stand less than a foot high. They are only a couple feet long. They weigh just over 20 pounds. Yet they have a reputation for toughness that is far greater than their size.

    So what makes the honey badger so tough? They have speed, but so do many animals. They aren't stronger than lions, so how do they stop them? The thing that sets the honey badge apart is their skin. Their skin is thick and tough. Arrows, spears, and bites from other animals can rarely go through it. Not only is their skin thick and tough, it is also loose. This allows them to twist and turn to fight back while another animal is attacking them.

    Honey badgers have long, sharp claws. These claws are good for attacking and even better for digging. Honey badgers are some of nature's most skilled diggers. They can dig a nine-foot tunnel into hard ground in about 10 minutes. They love to catch a meal by digging up the holes of frogs and snakes. They also use their digging skills to create their homes. They live in small holes in the ground and defend them fiercely.

    You don't get a reputation like the honey badger by running from danger. The honey badger is a fearless and tireless fighter. They will attack any creature that threatens them, man included. Because of the honey badger's reputation, most predators (食肉动物) avoid them. Some animals use the honey badger's reputation to their advantage. Adult cheetahs (猎豹) have spotted coats, but their kittens have silver manes (鬃毛) and look like honey badgers. Some scientists believe that their coloring tricks predators into avoiding them.

    You might be wondering: "If honey badgers are so tough, how did they get a name that makes them sound like a piece of candy?" The answer makes sense. Since honey badgers have such thick skin, bees rarely harm them. So honey badgers love to attack beehives(蜂窝). Honey badgers run after honey so aggressively that beekeepers in Africa have to use electric fencing to hold them back. There's nothing sweet about that.

阅读理解

Jack Horner is co-author of the book How to Build a Dinosaur. However, he is most famous for his role as consultant(顾问) on all four Jurassic Park films, including the new film Jurassic World.

The original film Jurassic Park tells the story of a theme park where dinosaurs live. In that movie, scientists used DNA collected by ancient mosquitoes that had been trapped in amber shortly after they drank dinosaur blood. The scientists used this dinosaur DNA to create baby dinosaurs. The scientists in Jurassic Park created various types of dinosaurs, but in the real world there is one big problem with the story. It turns out that DNA could not possibly survive the 65 million years since the death of the dinosaurs.

The new movie creates the Indominus Rex. This idea of creating a hybrid species is something Horner has explored before. In 2011, he gave a speech in which he discussed producing a dinosaur by working with the genes of a bird. Modern birds are the closest living relative of dinosaurs.

The concept of using the genes of different animals to create new animals is called transgenic science. And this type of science has already produced some interesting results — goats that produce spider silk in their milk, cows that produce proteins for medicines that can treat diseases, and a pig that produces less-polluting waste thanks to a bit of mouse DNA. However, none of these examples are close to the dinosaurs in Jurassic World. And for a good reason — genetics is a very complex science. Producing a new species is not as simple as just exchanging a few genes around.

In the end, Jurassic World is all about fun.

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