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题型:任务型阅读 题类:常考题 难易度:普通

内蒙古杭锦后旗奋斗中学2016-2017学年高一下学期期中考试英语试题

根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

    As we all know, sleep is very important and necessary. I would love everyone to develop the following four habits to have better sleep without needing the alarm(闹钟)wake-up call.

    If you eat much food an hour before you go to bed, your body will hate you, because your body needs time to digest while you are still awake.

    When I hear on TV that people just need 30-minute exercise a week, I think that's wrong. Every person should get 30-minute exercise every day. When you exercise, your body uses energy and feels tired. You have to recover from the tiredness.  The harder you exercise your body, the faster it falls to sleep and the better it sleeps.

    Turn the TV off. There are a few shows I still watch, but they will never get in my way of (妨碍) sleep. The bedroom is only for sleeping and rest. .

    A question to ask yourself: If I didn't have an alarm, what time would I get up? If that time is the time you need to get up, you should probably throw away the alarm. If the time you actually get up is much later than the time you need to get up, make great changes to your way of life and the time you go to sleep. No one should need an alarm.

A. Exercise for at least 30 minutes every day.

B. Don't eat any food 4 hours before you sleep.

C. Throw away the alarm.

D. Sleep is one of the most important things in our lives.

E. Your body recovers when you are sleeping.

F. Try to get up as early as you can.

G. Take the TV out of your bedroom.

举一反三
任务型阅读

    While you are travelling abroad,cultural mistakes are more serious than linguistic mistakes,which can lead to serious misunderstanding and even ill—feeling between individuals.{#blank#}1{#/blank#}

    Touching Someone{#blank#}2{#/blank#}In Mediterranean countries,if you don't touch someone's arm when talking to them or if you don't greet them with kisses or a warm hug,you'll be considered cold.But backslap(拍背)someone who isn't a family member or a good friend in Korea,and you'll make them uncomfortable.In Thailand,the head is considered sacred—never even pat a child on the head.

Talking Over Dinner

    In some countries,like China,Japan and some African nations,the food's the thing,so don't start chatting about your day's adventures while everyone else is digging into dinner.{#blank#}3{#/blank#} It's not because your group is unfriendly,but because meal times are for eating,not talking.

Removing Your Shoes or Not

    Take off your shoes when arriving at the door of a London dinner party and the hostess will find you uncivilized,but fail to remove your shoes before entering a home in Asia,Hawaii,or the Pacific Islands and you'll be considered disrespectful.So,if you see a row of shoes at the door,start undoing your laces.{#blank#}4{#/blank#}

    Once you are on the ground of a different country,remain highly sensitive to native behavior.{#blank#}5{#/blank#}And don't feel offended if something seems offensive—like queue jumping.After all,this is a global village,and we are all very different.

A.Personal space varies as you travel the globe.

B.Asians consider removing shoes impolite at home.

C.Never be completely surprised by anything.

D.The linguistic mistake means that someone is not fully expressing his idea.

E.Look out for the following cultural mistakes and try to avoid them.

F.If not,keep the shoes on.

G.You'll likely be met with silence.

根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Building Trust in a Relationship Again

    Trust is a learned behavior that we gain from past experiences. {#blank#}1{#/blank#} Trust is a risk. But you can't be successful when there's a lack of trust in a relationship that results from an action where the wrongdoer takes no responsibility to fix the mistake.

    Unfortunately, we've all been victims of betrayal. Whether we've been stolen from, lied to, misled, or cheated on, there are different levels of losing trust.{#blank#}2{#/blank#}They've been too badly hurt and they can't bear to let it happen again. It's understandable, but if you're willing to build trust in a relationship again, we have some steps you can take to get you there.

    Learn to really trust yourself. Having confidence in yourself will help you make better choices because you can see what the best outcome would be for your well-being.

    {#blank#}3{#/blank#} If you've been betrayed, you are the victim of your circumstance. But there's a difference between being a victim and living with a “victim mentality”. At some point in all of our lives, we'll have our trust tested or violated.

    {#blank#}4{#/blank#} Once trust is lost, what is left? Instead of looking at the situation from this hopeless angle, look at everything you still have and be thankful for all of the good in your life.{#blank#}5{#/blank#} Instead, it's a healthy way to work through the experience to allow room for positive growth and forgiveness.

A. You didn't lose “everything”

B. It is putting confidence in someone.

C. Stop regarding yourself as the victim.

D. Sometimes people simply can't trust anymore.

E. Remember that you can expect the best in return.

F. This knowledge carries over in their attitude toward their future relationships.

G. Seeing the positive side of things doesn't mean you're ignoring what happened.

任务型阅读

    How can we keep safe personal information on our computers or cellphones?{#blank#}1{#/blank#}

    View emails with a careful eye

    It's best to view all emails with care. Hackers can make emails look like real company emails.{#blank#}2{#/blank#} It's best to search for the original source of the information, and try to find the direct link from the site instead of using the link provided in the email.

    Use two-factor authentication(双重认证)

    Two-factor authentication adds a second level of security to an account.{#blank#}3{#/blank#}It's a security option that requires a password as well as an additional piece of information only the user would know.

    Update apps and operating systems

    {#blank#}4{#/blank#}   While these updates may appear to only change the way your phone's software looks, they often come with security improvements. There may be a bug(软件漏洞). Those bugs are discovered by cell providers or smartphone makers, so it's a good idea to upgrade them.

    {#blank#}5{#/blank#}    It's no surprise that changing your password has always been a basic form of protection. But what we pick as passwords and how we manage them are important. First, passwords should never include your personal information. So stay away from names and birthdates. Ideally, passwords are a combination of lowercase(小写)and uppercase(大写)letters and random characters. It could be a strong, long password that doesn't have any personal information, making it harder to remember.

A. Manage passwords security

B. Here are some steps to make it.

C. Often users are unwilling to update their mobile devices.

D. Combine your personal information with random figures

E. It can trick readers into clicking on dangerous links.

F. Here are some ways to create your online personal passwords.

阅读理解

    Microsoft has developed a new smartphone app that interprets eye signals and translates them into letters, allowing people with motor neurone disease to communicate with others from a phone.

    The GazeSpeak app combines a smartphone's camera with artificial intelligence to recognize eye movements in real time and convert them into letters, words and sentences. For people suffering from ALS(渐冻症), also known as motor neurone disease, eye movement can be the only way they are able to communicate.

    "Current eye-tracking input systems for people with ALS or other motor impairments are expensive, not robust under sunlight, and require frequent re-calibration and substantial, relatively immobile setups," said Xiaoyi Zhang, a researcher at Microsoft who developed the technology.

    "To mitigate the drawbacks…we created GazeSpeak, an eye-gesture communication system that runs on a smartphone, and is designed to be low-cost, robust, portable and easy to learn."

    The app is used by the listener by pointing their smartphone at the speaker. A chart that can be stuck to the back of the smartphone is then used by the speaker to determine which eye movements to make in order to communicate.

    The sticker shows four grids of letters, which each correspond to a different eye movement. By looking up, down, left or right, the speaker selects which grids the letters they want belong to. The artificial intelligence algorithm is then able to predict the word or sentence they are trying to say.

    Zhang's research, Smartphone-Based Gaze Gesture Communication for People with Motor Disabilities, is set to be presented at the Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems in May.

阅读理解

    Both honeybees and ants are social insects that live in groups called colonies. They survive by means of their collective intelligence. Their decision-making power is distributed throughout the group; that is, no one ant or bee makes decisions for the group. Instead, they work together. As Deborah M. Gordon, a biologist at Stanford University, says," Ants aren't smart. Ant colonies are."

    The same is true for bee colonies. Although bees and ants are quite different physically, they have a lot in common in terms of their social behavior. Specifically, honeybees and ants have similar roles within the colony, both have communication systems, and both have the capacity for learning.

    Ants communicate by using chemicals called pheromones, which can alert others to danger or to a food source. For example, when worker ants find a promising source, they let the rest of the colony know how to find it by leaving a trail of pheromones on the way back to the colony. The other ants pick up the message using their sense of smell. Bees, on the other hand, use movement to communicate with each other. Worker bees send messages to each other by means of a "dance". Different speeds and movements send different messages. For example, when worker bees called scouts go out to find a new home for the colony, they return and do a dance for the other worker bees that indicates the location of the new home and how suitable it is. The faster the scouts dance, the better the new location is.

    Honeybees and ants are both capable of learning. One Chinese study found that bees can be trained to learn and remember a route to a food source. The researchers also found that bees can be taught to recognize hidden objects and use the concepts of "sameness" and" difference" to accomplish certain tasks. Ants take this one step further. Recent American research has shown that ants not only have the ability to learn, but also can teach their foraging skills to other younger ants.

They observed that older ants accompany young ants in search of food and teach them the route and how to avoid obstacles.

    As we can see, the social behavior of honeybees and ants is quite similar. Both coordinate complex actions and accomplish crucial survival tasks by cooperating in groups consisting of many individuals. Unintelligent as they may be as individuals, as groups they often show amazing brilliance as they go about their everyday activities.

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