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题型:阅读理解 题类:常考题 难易度:普通

广东省中山市2018-2019学年高二下学期英语期末考试试卷

阅读理解

    Who are the most famous painters in history? Keep reading to find out.

    Leonardo da Vinci was not only a painter but also a sculptor, mathematician, poet, scientist, musician, inventor, engineer, cartographer (制图师), and writer. Leonardo was born in Vinci, in the province of Florence, Italy in 1452. This was a time of extraordinary changes, not only in the arts, but also in many other cultural areas. The city of Florence was at the center of this important period in the history of art. Some of Leonardo's most famous pieces of works are the Mona Lisa, The Last Supper, and The Vitruvian Man. The most well-known museums in the world display his paintings.

    Michelangelo was born in Caprese, Italy in 1475 and started working as a student to a painter before starting his studies in the art of sculpting at the Medici gardens. His works include The Statue of David and The Pieta. The Pieta is in display at the Vatican. He also painted the frescoes (壁画) on the ceilings of the Sistine Chapel, which includes his masterpiece The Last Judgment. Even though he was born in Caprese, Michelangelo lived most of his life in Rome, where he created most of his pieces.

    Raphael was born in 1483 in Urbino, Italy. He became Italian renaissance painter Pietro Perugino's student in 1504 at the age of 21. After this, he started painting his several Madonnas while living in Florence, where da Vinci and Michelangelo influenced him. When he moved to Rome, Pope Julius II hired him as his chief architect. Raphael died in Rome in 1520 at the age of 37. Despite his early death, he produced some of the most recognizable masterpieces including all his Madonnas, but also most notably the Madonna in the Sistine Chapel in Rome and his frescoes in the Palace of the Vatican.

(1)、The underlined sentence in Paragraph 2 shows that Leonardo da Vinci ______.
A、focused on painting B、lived a very busy life C、was a well-rounded man D、spent most of his time indoors
(2)、What can you see if you visit the Sistine Chapel?
A、The Last Supper. B、The Vitruvian Man. C、The Last Judgment. D、The whole series of Madonnas.
(3)、From whom did Raphael learn how to paint in his early twenties?
A、Pietro Perugino. B、Leonardo da Vinci. C、Michelangelo. D、Pope Julius II.
(4)、The above paragraphs are probably taken from an article about ______.
A、three famous painters in history B、three famous paintings in history C、three famous sculptors in history D、the history of the Italian renaissance
举一反三
阅读理解

Throughout the history of the arts, thenature of creativity has remained constant to artists.Nomatter what objects they select, artists are to bring forth new forces andforms that cause change—to find poetry where no one has ever seen orexperienced it before.

Landscape (风景) isanother unchanging element of art.It can be found from ancient timesthrough the17th-century Dutch painters to the 19th-century romanticists andimpressionists.Inthe 1970s Alfred Leslie, one of the new American realists, continued thispractice.Lesliesought out the same place where ThomasCole, a romanticist, had producedpaintings of the same scene a century and a half before.UnlikeCole who insists on a feeling of loneliness and the idea of finding peace innature, Leslie paints what he actually sees.In his paintings, there is no particularchange in emotion, and he includes ordinary things like the highway in thebackground.Healso takes advantage of the latest developments of color photography to helpboth the eye and the memory when he improves his painting back in his workroom.

Besides, all art begs the age-oldquestion: What is real? Each generation of artists has shown theirunderstanding of reality in one form or another.The impressionists saw reality in briefemotional effects, the realists in everyday subjects and in forest scenes, andthe Cro-Magnon cave people in their naturalistic drawings of the animals in theancient forests.Tosum up, understanding reality is a necessary struggle for artists of allperiods.

Over thousands of years the function ofthe arts has remained relatively constant.Past or present, Eastern or Western, thearts are a basic part of our immediate experience.Many and different are the faces ofart,and together they express the basic need and hope of human beings.

根据短文理解,选择正确答案。
Guide to Stockholm University Library
    Our library offers different types of studying places and provides a good studying environment.
Zones
    The library is divided into different zones. The upper floor is a quiet zone with over a thousand places for silent reading, and  places where you can sit and work with your own computer. The reading places consist mostly of tables and chairs. The ground floor is the zone where you can talk. Here you can find sofas and armchairs for group work.
Computers
    You can use your own computer to connect to the wi-fi specially prepared for notebook computers;you can also use library computers, which contain the most commonly used applications, such as Microsoft Office. They are situated in the area known as the Experimental Field on the ground floor.
Group-study places
    If you want to discuss freely without disturbing others, you can book a study room or sit at a table on the ground floor. Some study rooms are for 2-3 people and others can hold up to 6-8 people. All rooms are marked on the library maps.
    There are 40 group-study rooms that must be booked via the website. To book, you need an active University account and a valid University card. You can use a room three hours per day, nine hours at most per week.
Storage of Study Material
    The library has lockers for students to store course literature. When you have obtained at least 40 credits(学分),you may rent a locker and pay 400 SEK for a year's rental period.
Rules to be Followed
    Mobile phone conversations are not permitted anywhere in the library. Keep your phone on silent as if you were in a lecture and exit the library if you need to receive calls.
    Please note that food and fruit are forbidden in the library, but you are allowed to have drinks and sweets with you.
阅读理解

    If you live in the U.S., you're probably used to throwing banana peel into the trash. But people in other countries, including India, have been taking advantages of their nutritional benefits for many years.

    While the flesh of a banana is soft and sweet, the skin is thick, hard and slightly bitter. To eat the peel, you can fry, bake, or boil it for at least 10 minutes. Also, the riper bananas get, the thinner and sweeter banana peel will become. That's because of a natural plant hormone(激素) called ethylene(乙烯) that fruits release as they ripen. Ethylene interacts with the sugars and fiber in the banana skin, changing complex sugars into simple sugars and breaking down pectin, a form of fiber in bananas that keeps them stiff. That's why the older your banana is, the flimsier(不结实的) it feels.

    The sweet flesh of a medium-sized banana contains great percentages of your daily recommended intake of various nutrients, such as:

·12% of your daily fiber, which helps with digestion and may help lower your risk of diabetes(糖尿病)

·17% of your vitamin C, which is important for your immune system as well as your growth

·20% of your vitamin B6, which aids the body's ability to turn food into energy

·12% of your potassium, which helps with the development of cells, tissues, and organs throughout the body

    If you eat the skin along with the flesh, you will get an even bigger increase in these same nutrients.

    Eating the peel is not only good for your body but also better for the earth. The average American ate 11.4 pounds of bananas in 2014. Since a medium-sized banana weighs about 0.3 pounds, that equates to about 38 bananas per person, or about 12 billion for the whole of the U.S. And since most of us throw away the peel, that also means a lot of organic waste.

阅读理解

    Getting stuck in a traffic jam is one of the most boring problems for people living in big cities. The fact that you're moving so slowly leads too stress, anger and the wish that your car could just fly over the traffic like an airplane.

    Soon, however, that wish could come true .On May 8, US car-renting company Uber showed off what it described as "the transportation mode of the future: on-demand air transport," reported ABC News.

    According to Nikhill Goel, head of products for Uber Air, the company's air taxi service may launch test flights in the US cities of Dallas and Los Angeles, as well as Dubai in the United Arab Emirates, as early as 2020. If everything goes according to plan, passengers will be able to fly to work by 2023.

    When the Olympics comes to Los Angeles in 2028. Uber "expects to have hundreds, if not thousands, of its aircraft in the skies." Goel told Newsweek.

    So what would Uber's flying vehicles be like?

    They are small, electric aircraft that take off and land vertically (垂直地) , and they give off zero emissions (排放) and are quiet enough to operate in cities .

    Just like an airplane, the vehicles will have fixed wings to help them glide. But while a helicopter has just one big fixed rotor (定量). Uber's vehicles will have multiple rotors , which will help increase fuel efficiency (效率) while reducing emissions and noise.

    Because of these fixed wines and multiple rotors. Uber's flying taxis "should be quieter and safer than a helicopter." reported ABC News.

    However, the service still has a long way to go before it's ready to accept passengers. For example, to avoid any potential accidents. Uber is working with NASA to study air traffic control problems associated with low-flying aircraft. But just as Dubai's Mayor Betty Price said in a news release. "This program is revolutionary and future -oriented (面向未来的)."

阅读理解

    What will restaurants look like in the future?What would your dinner taste like if a robot cooked it?A robot restaurant in Tianjin may give you the answers.

    Covering an area of over 400 square meters with a total of 112 seats, the X Future Restaurant is a robot restaurant opened in November 2018. The restaurant has amazed customers with its fully-automated(全自动的)technology, which covers every step of the dining experience, from ordering to cooking to serving the dishes and even taking payment.

    Entering the restaurant, one can order dishes by simply scanning(扫描)the QR codes on the table. There are over 40 choices of dishes. After taking the order, "robot cooks"prepare dishes using fixed time, temperature and ingredients designed by famous Chinese cooks.

    "As the cooking is controlled by a computer system, the taste and quality of dishes can be good, "said Li Xiaokui, manager of the X Future Restaurant.

    Robots also complete the delivery of dishes. Without following any designed route, the robot waiters serve meals thanks to automated driving technology, which helps each robot timely change its route when something is in the way.

These eye-catching technologies have received wide praise from customers. "The dishes taste surprisingly good. I couldn't believe that they were made by robots, especially dishes that were difficult to cook" one customer said. "The application of robots has increased our efficiency(效率)and cut down our costs, "Li said, "I think robot restaurants will develop fast and have a bright future. "

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