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题型:阅读理解 题类:常考题 难易度:普通

吉林省毓文中学2015-2016学年高一下学期期中考试英语测试

阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、和 D)中,选出最佳选项。

    To American visitors, Iceland is a very interesting country, partly because it is different in so many ways from he or she is used to seeing at home. There are quite a few things that are not done, or that do not exist on the island—quite a few “No's”.

    There is no pollution, for instance, no dogs are permitted in Reykjavik, the capital. There is no television on Thursdays or during the whole month of July, and only three hours of black and white TV the rest of the time. There is no hard liquor(酒) on Wednesdays and no beer at any time. There is no handguns; only one prison of thirty-five rooms in the whole land—an admirable figure, even for a small country of 313,376 people.

There is no army, air force or navy. There is no tipping(给小费) for anything. There are no large stores open on Saturdays or Sundays. Since Iceland is located just under the Arctic Circle, there is no darkness in summer and no daylight in winter. But thanks to Gulf Stream, the climate is rather mild, with temperatures between 34 degrees and 52 degrees in July.

The rules on television liquor and guns are the result of government decisions. But the absence of pollution is because of in great part the fact that Iceland gets its power from the thousands of hot springs(泉水) that come out of the ground. They provide all the energy needed by the country. In fact, Iceland uses only 3 percent of all its available power.

    Iceland has been described as a democratic(民主的) independent country where more fish are caught and more books published per person than anywhere else in the world. The Icelanders have always felt a particular love for literature. They wrote their first books in the ninth and tenth centuries AD. These works were poems and tales about the kings, heroes, and heroines of Iceland and Norway. At first, the stories were remembered and passed from generation to generation. They were finally written down between 1140 and 1220. The Icelanders have never stopped writing ever since. “Rather shoeless than bookless,” they proudly say.

(1)、American visitors enjoy visiting Iceland probably because ________.

A、no dogs are permitted in the capital B、the police do not carry handguns C、the climate is rather mild D、it is very different from Americans
(2)、The following statements are true EXCEPT ________.

A、there are no soldiers in Iceland B、the Icelanders don't drink beer C、there is no tip of any kind D、there are no crimes(犯罪) in Iceland
(3)、There is no pollution in Iceland mainly because ________.

A、Iceland uses only 3 percent of all its available power B、the Icelanders use hot water from the ground below as their energy C、it is located just under the Arctic Circle D、it is a democratic independent country
(4)、“Rather shoeless than bookless” means ________.

A、they prefer not to have shoe or books B、they would rather have shoes on than write books C、they prefer travelling to reading D、they regard books more important than shoes
举一反三
阅读理解

    English Classes for Free

    Adults of all nationalities (国籍) are welcome to take our English classes. Our classes meet every day, Monday to Friday from 1 pm to 3 pm. Our classes are free because we are running a teacher training center and our teachers need students for teaching practice. Classes will cover grammar, vocabulary, conversations, reading and writing skills. Classes will begin on July 24th and will end on October 13th. All students must be 18 and over.

    Table Tennis Lessons

    If you love to play ping-pong and like to improve your game, welcome to Chicago Table Tennis Club all year around. We are the biggest club in Chicago with more than 100 members and students at all levels and ages. We can improve your ping-pong skills and within one class you will see the result. If you or your kids are interested, please feel free to call 317-287-9852.

    Dance Classes Start Soon

    Don't worry if you have no dance experience. 90% of our students don't. Our summer dance classes start you off at ground zero and build you up. The classes are for adults and are full of people in their 20's and 30's hoping to learn some moves, stay in shape, and meet cool people!

    We have been in business for 5 years now, and have taught almost 2,000 students!

    Summer Theatre Camp

    Our Summer Theatre Camp educates young people aged 7〜14 in the theatre arts. The camp offers classes in speech, character-building, dance, reading and so on. Camp hours will be 8 am to 4 pm. The camp will provide theatre experience for only 45 campers. The campers will have to join in a contest and be chosen for the camp.

阅读理解

    A new web standard is expected to kill passwords, meaning users will no longer have to remember difficult logins(登录) for each and every website or service they use.

    The Web Authentication (WebAuthn网络认证) standard is designed to replace the password with tools that users already own, such as a security key, a smart phone, a fingerprint scanner or webcam. Instead of having to remember long characters, users can authenticate their login with their body or something they have, communicating directly with the website through Bluetooth, USB or NFC.

    "WebAuthn will change the way that people access the Web," said Jeff Jaffe, CEO of the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C), the body that controls web standards. One example of how WebAuthn will work is that when a user visits a site, they put in a user name and then get a message on their smart phone. Tapping on the message on their phone then logs them into the website without the need for a password.

    WebAuthn promises to protect users against phishing attacks(钓鱼攻击) and the use of stolen information as there will be nothing to steal, the authentication sign is produced and used once by their special tool each time the user enters.

    "After years of increasingly serious data and password being stolen, now it is the time for service providers to end their dependency on easily-attacked passwords and use phishing-resistant FIDO Authentication(快速身份认证联盟) for all websites and apps," said Brett McDowell, CEO of the FIDO Alliance, one of the bodies pushing the new standard.

    WebAuthn should also help people use special login details for each and every service they use, instead of using the same login and password for every site, which many people still do, leaving them further attacked if one site is hacked(黑客攻击).

    The W3C has moved WebAuthn to what's called the "candidate recommendation" stage – the last-but-one step before it becomes an approved web standard – inviting sites and services to begin using it. The web standards body announced that Google, Microsoft and Mozilla had been devoted to supporting WebAuthn, meaning that all major web explorers except Apple's Safari will use the new standard.

    "While there are many web security problems and we can't fix them all, relying on passwords is one of the weakest links. With WebAuthn's solutions we are removing this weak link," said Jaffe.

    Several sites and services already use similar methods to enter, including Google and Facebook, which can both be entered using a USB security key. But a single cross-platform, cross-service standard approved by the W3C will mean that many more sites and services will be able to kill the password as the login method.

    WebAuthn is the top of many years of work and the change will not happen overnight. But as it increasingly seems unavoidably that our email or other online services will get hacked into, removing the password is an important step in improving online security and making using sites and services easier.

阅读短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中,选出最佳选项。

    India has a very vast history and heritage (遗产). The country has witnessed some of the most important events in the past and every event has an effect of its own on the culture, religion, lifestyle, and economy of the country. This is one of the leading reasons why tourists prefer India to travel and explore. Historical tours in India provide everything that a traveler expects from his/her journey. These historical tours give an opportunity to study and explore Indian history.

    Historical tours of India generally consisted of four phases: ancient, medieval (中世纪的), modern India and contemporary (当代的) India. Some of the historical travel packages are:

    Forts and Palaces

    The rich cultural past of India is reflected in the countless forts (堡垒) and palaces across the country. Most of the forts were constructed as a defense device to keep the enemy away and palaces were made on the names of the kings and queens. Some of the famous forts and palaces are: Agra Fort (Agra), Fatehpur Sikri (Agra), Hawa Mahal (Jaipur), Amber Fort (Jaipur), City Palace (Jaipur), Gwalior Fort (Gwalior), Mysore Palace (Mysore), Red Fort (Delhi), etc.

    India Heritage Tours

    The main purpose of India Heritage tours is to make Indians as well as tourists familiar with the rich Indian legacy (遗产). The heritage of the country is at least 5000 years. Some of the heritage tours are: medieval heritage, Rajput heritage, Golden Triangle, splendid Gujarat, etc.

    South India Historical Tours

    The Southern India is known for its diversity and there are many places, which (景区) in South India include Goa, Cochin, Kerala, Munnar, Periyar, Kottayam and the list goes on and on.

阅读理解

    The plan: turn Mars into a blue world with streams and green fields, and then fill it with creatures (生物) from the earth. This idea may sound like something from a science fiction (科幻小说), but it is actually being taken seriously by many researchers.

    This suggested future for the "red planet" will be the main topic for discussion at an international conference hosted by NASA (美国宇航局) this week. Leading researchers as well as science fiction writers will attend the event. It comes as NASA is preparing a multi billion dollar Mars research programme. "Turning Mars into a little earth has long been a topic in science fiction," said Dr Michael Meyer, NASA's senior scientist for astrobiology (太空生物学). "Now, with scientists exploring the reality, we can ask what are the real possibilities of changing Mars."

    Most scientists agree that Mars could be turned into a little earth, although much time and money would be needed to achieve this goal.

    But many experts are shocked by the idea. "We are destroying our own world at an unbelievable speed and now we are talking about ruining another planet," said Paul Murdin, of the Institute of Astronomy, Cambridge, UK. Over the past months, scientists have become increasingly confident they will find Martian life forms. Europe and America's robot explorers have found proof that water, mixed with soil, exists in large amounts on the planet.

    In addition, two different groups of scientists announced on March 28 that they had found signs of methane (甲烷) in the Martian atmosphere (大气). The gas is a waste product of living creatures and could be produced by microbes (微生物) living in the red planet's soil.

    But scientists such as Dr Lisa Pratt, a biologist at Indiana University, say that these microbes will be put in danger by the little earth project. "Before we have even discovered if there is life on Mars, we are talking about carrying out projects that would destroy all these native life forms, all the strange microbes that we hope to find buried in the soil," said Dr Pratt. This view is shared by Monica Grady, a planetary scientist at the Natural History Museum, London. "We cannot risk starting a global experiment that would wipe out the precious information we are looking for." she said, "This is just wrong."

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