English words like other languages change all the time. People need new words for new ideas and inventions. Different words come into use and older words are used in a new way. Here are some ways to change.

    English words can change by borrowing words from other languages. The word “tomato” was from Mexico, and “tea” came from China. Now new words are made by joining two words together. “Weekend” and “cookbook” are examples. A latest one “brunch” comes from breakfast and lunch. Do you have brunch every day? Sometimes new words are shorter forms (形式) of the longer words. For example, the word “photo” was from “photograph” by cutting off the end of the longer words. “Plane” and “phone” were made by cutting off the front part of “airplane” and “telephone”. The names of people and products(产品)can also become new words. Our food “sandwich” was from a man called Sandwich.

    Can you find any other examples for each of these ways to make new words?

⑴～⑵题完成句子；(3)题简略回答问题；(4)题找出全文的主题句；(5)题将文中画线句子译成汉语。

    Baseball－it's just a word, but for millions of Americans, ①it brings to mind so many images: hot dogs, cold beers, sunny afternoons

    For many people, baseball is the game of fathers and sons. Fathers and sons have been playing catch with each other on lawns(草坪) in the US. A father's favorite team becomes his son's. Grandfathers talk to their grandsons about games played long ago.

    Many American kids collect baseball cards. The cards have pictures of their favorite players on them. In school, friends exchange baseball cards. ②about, baseball, famous, are, students, by, players, talked, often.

    ③Baseball players are known as “the boys of summer” because the sport is most often played in summer. You don't need to be of a certain size or shape to play baseball. You don't have to be tall like a basketball player or strong like an American football player. You just need to want to have fun.

    Baseball is not as fast-paced(快节奏的) as basketball. When you go to see a game, there's time to relax, talk and get to know other people.

    Baseball may not be the most popular sport in the US, but it is the most traditional. It's not just a game anymore, but a key part of American culture, like apple pie.

根据短文内容,完成下列任务。

    In August, 2012, I visited London with my husband(丈夫) and our two sons Sam and Eric. We spent four days visiting some interesting places and enjoyed ourselves. The fifth day, I wanted to relax at the hotel. But the children didn't like it. So I carefully thought about how we would spend the last day. I read a passage about HMS Belfast in a magazine. In fact, I was not very interested in visiting a warship(战舰), but my sons and their dad liked it. So we decided to go there.

    The weather was sunny that day. We left our hotel at 8：00 a.m. It took us about two hours to get to HMS Belfast. Children under 16 were free of charge(免费)．The price of the ticket for an adult (成年人) was ￡14.The warship was very large. We took some photos there. Sam was interested in everything on it and said it was the most interesting place in London.

    Every student spends lots of time studying and almost everyone would like their study to be more efficient (高效的). Here are two ways to help you manage your time better when studying.

Your study environment

    Watching TV while studying is a bad idea and makes your study ineffective (无效的). So you'd better turn off the TV while you're studying. Some students like listening to music while studying. Music is OK, but whether it helps or hurts depends on whether it can keep your mind at peace. Make sure that any music you listen to is actually helping you study, but not drawing your attention away. Good lighting and temperature are necessary, too. When it's too hot or too cold, it will be harder for you to give all your attention to what you are working on.

    Full attention for at least 40 minutes at a time

    One of the most important things you can do to study efficiently is to give all the attention to your study for at least 40 minutes at a time. Don't let anything else draw your attention away from the study during the period. Then have a rest and relax. Don't study for too long a time because your brain gets tired and it needs a rest.

    If you choose these ways, you will make an improvement in how you manage your time for study.