Birthdays are celebrated（庆祝）all over the world. Some ways to celebrate birthdays are rather similar from county to country: candles, cakes, and birthday wishes. But there are also different ways to celebrate birthdays. Here are a few:

    Experts believe that there are more than 8 million restaurants in the world today. So it might surprise you to learn that restaurants, as we know them, have only existed for a few centuries. Before 1765, there were no restaurants. That is, there were no places that provided the restaurant experience. There was nowhere in which a waiter brought you food and drink that you picked from a menu. In fact, there were no menus anywhere.

    There were eating places travellers could go to centuries before that. The countryside was full of inns that would serve food. And there were taverns where one could get drinks. The rich could also eat special meals prepared by private cooks. But none of them could be called a “restaurant”.

A man called Boulanger changed that. In 1765, he opened a place in Paris that sold soups(汤). On his sign he used the word "restaurant" to describe what he was selling. At that time, soups were considered something that could help "restore"(恢复)your health- in French the word "restore" is “restaurer”— so he called the soups "restaurants". Soon, people started buying Boulanger's soups even when they were not ill. And over time, people began to use the word "restaurant" to refer to a place selling soup rather than the soup itself. More "restaurants" opened in France, and people began to buy soups more often.

    Later, restaurants in Paris began to serve other food besides soup. In the 1790s, menus started to appear. By the mid-1800s, there were many types of restaurants throughout the world. The United States offered coffee shops. Tea houses became popular throughout China. Paris created beautiful restaurants for the rich. The British began to copy the French, and the restaurant idea spread throughout the British Empire.

    Today cities are filled with all types of restaurants. Diners have millions of options from which to choose.

    Have you ever been in the situation when you really didn't believe what someone was saying? Perhaps they were saying “yes” but their heads were shaking “no”. The difference between the words people say and our understanding of what they are saying comes from body language. By knowing more signs of body language, you can more easily understand other people, and more effectively communicate with them. Movements, gestures, and facial expressions all say that something is going on. What's more, the way we talk, walk, sit and stand all give messages to people. As you watch others, confident people will stand still with shoulders back, give slow and clear speech and always give eye contact. Otherwise, the person seems to have little confidence. If a person speaks to you with his body turning away from you, arms crossed or very small facial expressions, this person is giving his “dead ears”. He usually doesn't listen to you. And it's crucial to know when people are lying. Some of the typical signs that a person is lying include: A person gives little or no eye contact, or there may be fast eye movements. Hand or fingers are in front of his or her mouth when speaking. His skin changes in color, red in face or neck area. Voice changes, etc. However, one size does not fit all. When you watch others, you need to try to guess what they are saying or guess what is going on, but it is also important to recognize that body language may vary between individuals, and between different cultures and nationalities. Understand the signs that you are reading, and have a conversation more easily with people around you.

    Every country has its favorite food. Italians like to eat pizza. Indians like to eat hot food. Japanese like to eat fish. Often they don't cook it.

    In England, one of the most popular kinds of food is fish and chips. People usually buy it in a fish and chip shop. They put it in paper bags, and take it home, or to their workplace. Sometimes they eat it in the park or on the road. The world's favorite food is American fast food. If you go to some important cities in the world, you can find people eating hamburgers and chips.

    Fish and chips, and Chinese take-away food are very popular in England. But they are less popular in the USA, they eat take-away food, too, like chicken. But the most popular kind of take-away food is the hamburger. It looks like bread with meat in it. Ham (火 腿) is a kind of pork, but the hamburger does not have any pork in  it. The beef is inside a kind of cake hamburgers are delicious. They are also popular in England and Australia.