题型:阅读理解 题类:常考题 难易度:普通
天津市静海区第一中学2019-2020学年高一上学期英语期末考试试卷
For 63 percent of Americans, coffee is one of their daily essentials. This number has been this high since 2017, according to the National Coffee Association. The rise of coffee is due to its numerous benefits like preventing DNA damage, but it works best if you do this simple thing first: Eat.
"Drinking coffee on an empty stomach, or early in the morning before you've had breakfast, can raise the level of cortisol (皮质醇) in your body. From the moment you open your eyes in the morning, your body starts releasing cortisol. It's a hormone (激素) that's responsible for ruling your immune response, metabolism (新陈代谢), and stress response," says Dr. Nikola Djordjevic, MD.
"If you pump your body with caffeine(咖啡因) when your cortisol is at its peak," Djordjevic says, "you'll be forcing your body to bear even more stress." In a study that evaluated preference for caffeinated drinks among medical students, it's shown that 25 percent of students drank coffee in the morning on an empty stomach.
These students are at an increased risk of mood changes and possible long-term effects on their health, as explained in the study. "Drinking coffee on an empty stomach can greatly encourage the acid in your stomach, producing a more acidic environment," says Dr. Jamie Long, a licensed clinical psychologist. Thus, a full stomach is important to control the amount of stomach acid produced.
Since coffee increases your stomach acid, you're highly likely to experience heartburn and even develop gastric ulcers (胃溃疡), Djordjevic says. Clearly, drinking coffee on an empty stomach affects physical health. But it does harm to mental health, too. The overproduction of acid in the stomach can cause mood swings, nervousness, shaking and other withdrawal symptoms (症状). "And if you've already had the sign of experiencing anxiety, you're even more possible to be attacked by the effects of coffee," says Long.
Base line: Know your limits so you can fully experience what coffee can offer, because here's exactly what happens to your body when you drink coffee daily.
Directions Choose a book from the list below and bring it to class by the due date. You will have approximately one trimester,from September 14 to November 16,to read the book and complete your report. It is okay to switch your book if you do not like your original choice. Students are encouraged to check out the book of their choice from the public library.
The purchase of a book is optional.
Titles |
Author |
Description |
The Bronze Bow |
Elizabeth GeorgeSpeare |
This story takes place in the first century Israel The main character is a boy, Daniel, whose father was killed by the Romans. This is a touching story of hate, forgiveness, and friendship. |
Little Women |
Louisa May Alcott |
A heart-warming classic based on the author's family life growing up in a household of four girls each with a unique personality. |
Traitor:The Case of Benedict Arnold |
Jean Fritz |
This biography of Benedict Arnold shows both good and bad qualities of this interesting figure from the American Revolutionary War. |
The Bridge of San Luis Rey |
Thornton Wilder |
In search of the meaning of their deaths ^ the narrator tells the stories of five people who die when a bridge collapses. |
The Adventures of Tom Sawyer |
Mark Twain |
The most famous of Mark Twain's book, it tells the story of a high-spirited boy living on the Mississippi River in the late 1800s. |
A Tree Grows in Brooklyn |
Betty Smith |
This story tells of the difficulties and delights of life for Francie and her Irish family in New York in the early 1900s. |
Pride and Prejudice |
Jane Austen |
Amusing story of a young woman's adventures and misadventures in the English society of the 19th century. |
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