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题型:概要写作 题类:常考题 难易度:困难

人教版(新课程标准)高中英语必修五Unit 4 Making the news Grammar

阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。

    Tired of all the pushing in supermarkets? Fed up with waiting in endless lines to pay for what you have bought? Angry at wasting time in traffic jams only to find no parking spaces when you eventually arrive at the store? If this is you, then online shopping is the answer to your dreams of trouble-free shopping, or is it?

    Online shopping brings its own challenges. Here are a few things to bear in mind when browsing (浏览) various websites. The claim (声明) made by online sites is that shopping online is a safe and secure way to make purchases. The evidence challenges this. In any case, you only have to be the victim of fraud (欺骗) once to experience all the problems that come with this form of deceiving. Use only sites that have a trusted history and an excellent reputation.

    Another problem is that the appearance of items in reality is often quite different from what you see on your computer screen. This might not be a problem if you are buying washing powder but could be a major disappointment when that beautiful blue dress you ordered turns up in green. Also, product descriptions are sometimes simply untrue! Perhaps the wisest plan is to purchase items where design and colour are not essential to customer satisfaction.

    Some even argue that online shopping indirectly contributes to global warming. Yes, your car can stay parked but how are online goods delivered? Often by some large vans pouring out carbon monoxide(一氧化碳) and adding to our already desperate traffic problems. You are also by now becoming increasingly irritated(烦恼的) by the fact that the delivery is late and you have wasted the leave from work to receive it!

举一反三
阅读下面短文,根据所给情节进行续写,使之构成一个完整的故事。

    I have a "strange­sounding" name. I always knew when the teacher got to my name on the attendance, because of the long pause.

    "Um…… Ooooozma?"

    "Is it…… Ahhhzzzma?"

    "Wait, I got this. Youz­ma, right?"

    The other kids, all named Carla, Melanie, Sammy and Geoff, would laugh secretly. I'd agree with whatever my teacher said, just to move past the annual, painful moment. It's totally fine, though. Whatever shames you in grade school turns you into a strong adult later, so it's all good.

    I was shocked to learn, many years later, that my first name—Uzma, pronounced exactly as it looks—is quite common in India and Pakistan. I even know a few Uzma's in Toronto. At least my teachers tried. When I was 12 my P.E. teacher called me "Ursula" because he couldn't pronounce my name. Every time he called me by my new nickname, I pictured the scary octopus from LittleMermaid. For the record, if I were to give myself a more user­friendly name, it would be Caroline. To 12­-year-­old me, it had a great sound.

    Many of my friends have similar stories. Amreena became "Am," Aqeela became "Angela" and—my personal favourite—Widad Ahmed somehow changed into "Woodward Anderson". One teacher took one look at a friend's name and threw up his hands. "I can't pronounce this!" he said. Her name is Ayesha.

    Every parent I know gives the "how will this be important in school?" attitude when giving a list of baby names. For instance, "Butt" is a common South Asian last name, but in Canada it is sure to have different meaning. My own last name, at four syllables and 10 letters, is difficult to read. I drive cashiers crazy when signing receipts, holding up lines for an extra five to 10 seconds while I carefully write.

    As a teacher, I pay attention to pronouncing names. "HAHSS­an?" I said with confidence. The class starts to laugh. "It's Has­saaan, miss," the students responded. No! It's not! I want to yell back. I know how your name is pronounced! Mispronunciations(误读)happen so often that the proper pronunciation sounds wrong.

注意:

1)所续写短文的词数应为150左右;

2)应使用5个以上短文中标有下划线的关键词语;

3)续写部分分为两段, 每段的开头语已为你写好;

4)续写完成后, 请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。

Paragraph 1:Yet many people stick to traditional ethnic names when it comes to their own kids.

Paragraph 2:Do names really matter?

阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。

    Children form opinions about drugs and alcohol at a very early age. Even four and five year olds have definite opinions about alcohol. Preschoolers, because of the commercials (商业广告) they see on TV, often think that alcohol helps people have more fun and be better athletes! Images of alcohol are everywhere in our society—consumption of alcohol is represented twice per hour in daytime shows, and three times in an average evening program. Also, posters about alcohol can be seen on buses, at underground stations, in streets and so on.

    Despite the wide spread of alcohol in our society, and the problems that can be connected with it, many parents feel uncomfortable when talking about alcohol with their children, or are not sure when and how to start. Many parents believe that teenage drinking is something that their children would never be involved in.

    Unfortunately, teenage drinking is very common in North Dakota. In a statewide survey of adolescents in junior and senior high school, only 24% claimed to have never consumed alcohol. When asked about their drinking in the past 30 days:

    •61% adolescents reported drinking

    •42% drank five or more drinks in a row

    •17% reported binge (大吃大喝) drinking

    •4.2% reported driving and drinking

    Other research on rural youth in North Dakota has found that about 10% of a sample of fifth and sixth graders were engaged in frequent drinking. Teenagers who reported alcohol use (especially those who began use in late elementary school and junior high school) were more likely to be depressed, feel less positive about both their family and friends, and have poorer grades.

    Research has found that children and even teenagers turn to their parents in making decisions about important things in their life. Decisions about using alcohol are undoubtedly something that parents will want to provide guidance about. So it's high time that parents should talk to children about alcohol seriously.

Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point'(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.

These days, its not unusual to see middle-aged men collecting Star Wars action figures, office workers wearing Hello Kitty accessories, or celebrities like David Beckham playing with Lego bricks, it's becoming more and more common to see adult taking an interest in toys, comic books and the activities that are traditionally associated with children. This phenomenon has given rise to a new word: kidult.

What lies behind the phenomenon? One is about adults' nostalgia (怀旧)for the carefree days of childhood, and this is especially true with today's fast-paced, stressful lifestyles. Another is about a societal change in recent decades where people are starting families later. As a result, they have more time and money to spend on themselves. Some adults could only window-shop for their dream toys when they were kids, but now they can afford that radio-controlled car or high-priced doll they have always wanted.

Society traditionally disapproves of adults who refuse to put aside childhood interests, viewing the refusal as a sign of social immaturity (不成熟) and irresponsibility. Those who agree with this view sometimes claim that kidults are suffering from the pop-psychology concept known as Peter Pan Syndrome, an anomaly (异常) that people remain emotionally at the level of teenagers.

From the standpoint of kidults, though, this phenomenon is seen as nothing but harmless fun. Kidults insist that having youthful interests keeps them young, happy and creative, and their refusal to conform to society's acccptable tastes shows independent thinking. Besides, they argue that being part of the social trend of delayed adulthood is not purely a personal choice. The real causes include expensive housing, increased educational requirements for employment and poor work opportunities.

Directions:Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.

Whatever happened to the fight of carbon capture?

Debates have been going on around the subject of carbon capture. Scientists, especially engineers and geologists, have strongly criticized green groups who claimed that carbon capture and storage (CCS) schemes are costly mistakes.

The scientists insisted that such schemes are vital weapons in the battle against global heating. They also wan that failure to set up ways to trap and store carbon would make it impossible to meet the emissions target by 2050." CCS is going to be the only effective way in the short term to prevent our steel industry, cement manufacture and many other processes from continuing to pour emissions into the atmosphere," said Professor Stuart Haszeldine, of Edinburgh University. "If we are to have any hope of keeping global temperature increases down below 2 degrees Celsius, we desperately need to develop ways to capture and store carbon dioxide."

Green groups claimed CCS would not make "a meaningful contribution to 2050 climate targets". They say CCS was not a reliable way to decarbonize the energy system and that CCS has a "history of over-promising and under-delivering". Instead, they urged the construction of more renewable energy plants to be given priority.

But the claims were dismissed by engineers and geologists, "These claims are quite unfair" said Michael Stephenson, director at the British Geological Survey. "The technology behind carbon capture and storage is fully mature. It offers us a genuine solution to some of the problems we face in trying to deal with global warming."

A government spokesman for the Department of Energy and Climate Change said, "We are committed to meeting our climate change targets in a way that is affordable and provides secure energy to families and businesses. We are considering the role that CCS could play in decarbonization of the UK. But we also need to take government spending into account. CCS had better come down in cost."

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