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题型:阅读理解 题类:常考题 难易度:普通

河南省九师联盟2020届高三上学期英语10月质量检测试卷

阅读理解

    A society that lives by the plastic fork may very well die from it. That's how things are looking. Anyway, for a world so used to disposable(一次性的) habits, any hope for a solution(解决方案) also increasingly seems to be buried.

    Sure, there have been some hopeful ideas. Boyan Slat, the Dutch inventor developed a plan for Covering the Great Pacific Garbage Patch. Not long after it started, Slat's system experienced "material fatigue(疲劳)"-likely the result of being strained(使受到压力) by all that trash-and the task was delayed.

    All the while, the plastic increases. Its growth is very fast, according to Linda Wang, a professor of chemical engineering at Purdue University. She says, "We'll have more plastic than fish by 2050." Yet Wang, along with other researchers at Purdue, may have a solution not only to this plastic problem, but also to the growing need for clean energy.  Her team has developed a system that turns waste, a durable, lightweight material that accounts for about a quarter of all plastic waste, into a highly pure form of gasoline.

    Publishing their findings in the journal Sustainable Chemistry and Engineering, the scientists' state that instead of making plastic go away, they can break it down and reuse it, using chemistry to destroy what chemistry brought to the world when plastic was developed back in 1907.

    The process uses "supercritical" water-heated to around 450 degrees Celsius (842 degrees Fahrenheit),beyond the key point at which distinct liquid and vapor phases(气液态) exist-to boil plastic waste into an oil, the researchers explain. It takes a couple of hours for the supercritical water to complete the transformation, but the result is a kind of oil that can be used as gasoline or fuel. It can also be turned into other products.

    The researchers have only made the transformation in a laboratory setting so far, but they suggest turning the process to a commercial scale(规模) may not be far off. And considering the 300 million tons of plastic into the environment every year, that day can't come soon enough. But it will come in time.

(1)、Why is the plastic fork mentioned in paragraph 1?
A、To indicate the hopeless future of human life. B、To figure out the solution to reducing plastics. C、To show the seriousness of the plastic problem. D、To tell people to give up an unhealthy lifestyle.
(2)、What can we know about Slat's system?
A、It proves harmful to the Pacific. B、It has been abandoned completely. C、It has received many people's opposition. D、It met with difficulty while being carried out.
(3)、What is the advantage of Wang's system?
A、It can save fish in the ocean. B、It can recycle and reuse plastic. C、It can surely lower the prices of gas and fuel. D、It can make plastic products more affordable.
(4)、What is the author's attitude towards Wang's system?
A、Hopeful. B、Disapproving. C、Cautious. D、Uncertain.
举一反三
阅读理解

    If you've not heard that the decade-old princess-culture is causing problems—especially if you're a parent—you must be actively working to avoid it.

    The latest study adding fuel to the fire comes out of Brigham Young University and finds that the Disney princess obsession can be harmful to girls.

"I think parents think that the Disney princess culture is safe. That's the word I hear time and time again—it's safe." Lead study author Sarah M. Coyne of the Mormon institution in Utah noted in a press release. "But if we're fully jumping in here and really embracing (accepting) it, parents should really consider the long-term impact of the princess culture."

    So, what's the problem this time around? Same as always, confirmed the study, published in the journal Child Development, which involved the assessment of 198 preschoolers: Lots of engagement with princess culture (whether through moves or toys) can lead to gender-stereotypical(性别定性) behavior as well as self-critical body image.

The strict gender stereotypes can hold girls back. "They feel like they can't do some things," Coyne said, "They're not as confident that they can do well in math and science. They don't like getting dirty, so they're less likely to try and experiment with things."

On the other hand, "Disney princesses represent some of the first examples of exposure to the thin ideal," Coyne said. "As women, we get it our whole lives, and it really does start at the Disney princess level, at age 3 and 4."

So, what should a parent do? Try his or her best to avoid all princesses for the entire of a girl's childhood? I'd say, have moderation in all things, have your kids involved in all sorts of activities, and just have princesses be one of many, many things that they like to do and engage with." Coyne suggested. "This study has changed the way I talk to my daughter, the things I focus on, and it's been really good for me as a parent to learn from this study," Coyne said. "I usually can't say that my research findings have such a personal impact on my life."

根据短文内容,选择最佳答案,并将选定答案的字母标号填在题前括号内。

阅读理解

    Here is an astonishing and signficant fact:Mental work alone can't make us tired. It sounds absurd. But a few years ago, scientists tried to find out how long the human could labor without reaching a stage of fatigue(疲劳). To the amazement of these scientists, they discovered thett blood passing through the brain, when it is active, shows no fatigue at all! If we took a drop of blood from a day labourer, we could find it full of fatigue toxins(毒素) and fatigue products. But if we took blood from the brain of Albert Einstein, it would show no fatigue toxing at the end of the day.

    So far as the brain is concerned, it can work as well and swiftly at the end of eight or even twelve hours f efforts as at the beginning. The brain is totally tireless. So what makes us tired.

    Some scientists declare that most of our fatigue come from our mental and emotional(情感的) attitudes. One of England's most outstanding scientists. J. A. Hadfield,says,“The greater part of the fatigue from which we suffer is of mental origin. In fact,fatigue of purely physical origin is rare.” Dr. Brill, a famous American scientist, goes even further. He declares,“One hundred percent of the fatigue of a sitting worker in good health is due to emotional problems.”

What kinds of emotions make sitting workers tired?Joy?Satifaction?No!A feeling of being bored,anger,anxiety,tenseness,worry,a feeling of nt being appreciated—those are emotions that tire sitting workers.Hard work by itself seldom causes fatigue.We get tired because our emotions produce nervousness in the body.

阅读理解

    We started in 1993 with a simple idea: that people could help each other by sharing stories about their lives. For years people had told our founders, motivational speakers Jack and Mark, inspiring stories about themselves. Jack and Mark included these stories in their talks, and their audiences repeatedly asked if they had ever been published.” That story about the boy and the puppy—is that in a book anywhere?” a parent asked Jack. “That story about the boy with the amputated(截肢)leg who became a tennis star, I need to read that to my staff,” a manager told him. Jack was asked repeatedly, “ Is that story in a book anywhere?”

    Eventually Jack and Mark decided their audiences must be on to something, so they collected the best 101 stories they'd been told in a book. They called it Chicken Soup for the Soul because they wanted it to provide comfort just like their grandmother's cooking.

    They took the book to New York, hoping to sell it to one of the big publishers but every single one turned them down. The project appeared to have stalled until they met Peter Vegso, the owner of a small health and wellness polisher in Florida named HCI. Peter read some of the stories and loved them, so he decided to give the book a chance, becoming Chicken Soup for the Soul's founding publisher.

    Never, in Jack and Mark's wildest dreams had they imagined what the book would become. Chicken Soup for the Soul turned into one of the most popular and loved books ever published, selling 11 million copies around the world. Readers asked for more stories so we published a “second helping” of Chicken Soup for the Soul and a third after that, Today, we've published more than 250 books, which have become the best-selling trade paperback book series of all time.

阅读理解

    In the United States, when one becomes rich, he wants people to know it. And even if he does not become very rich, he wants people to think that he is. That is what "keeping up with the Joneses" is about. It is the story of someone who tried to look as rich as his neighbors.

    The expression was first used in 1913 by a young American called Arthur Momand. He told this story about himself. He began earning $ 125 a week at the age of 23. That was a lot of money in those days. He got married and moved with his wife to a very wealthy neighborhood. When he saw that rich people rode horses, Momand went horseback riding every day. When he saw that rich people had servants. Momand and his wife also hired a servant and gave big parties for their new neighbors.

    It was like a race, but one could never finish this race because one was always trying to keep up. The race ended for Momand and his wife when they could no longer pay for their new way of life. They had to move back to an apartment in New York City. Momand looked around him and noticed that many people do things just to keep up with rich lifestyle of their neighbors. He saw the funny side of it and started to write a series of short stories. He called it "Keeping up with the Joneses" because "Jones" is a very common name in the United States. "Keeping up with the Joneses" came to mean keeping up with rich lifestyle of the people around you. Momand's series appeared in different newspapers across the country for over 28 years.

    People never seem to get tired of keeping up with the Joneses. And there are "Joneses" in every city of the world. But one must get tired of trying to keep up with the Joneses because no matter what one does, Mr. Jones always seems to be ahead.

阅读理解

    10 years after my parents got married, my dad went to work in the oil fields, and soon accepted a job working overseas. The money was great, but the fact that we only saw him every other month disappointed me. My mom stayed home with her five children, raising us alone. We had a place in the country with horses, dogs, chickens and a few head of cattle. Mom was very busy, but always made time for us. Of course, lots of mothers did things like that. But Mom's greatest achievement was yet to come.

    When the oil business declined(衰退) in the 1980s, my dad and most of his friends lost their jobs. The wives were at a loss to know how to manage without large monthly paychecks. But my mom was different. She helped out by working part-time jobs and she learned to drive a semi-truck, so she could help my dad make more miles at his new job. But with three teenagers at home, she couldn't spend time on the road with him, so he decided to find a different kind of job.

    Mom found an ad for the International Air Academy in Vancouver, Washington. She had always dreamed of working as a flight attendant but had chosen a family over a career. She was fascinated by the idea that she might be able to work in the travel field after all. Having no idea how she would pay for the schooling, or even if she'd get a job, she took a leap of faith(冒险一试) and dialed the number.

    It wasn't easy, but she passed the entrance exam and was admitted to the three-month training course. That was only half the battle, though, as she still needed the tuition. She finally got a loan( 借款) to cover some of the expenses, and the president of the school gave her a personal loan to cover the rest.

    As she read her welcome packet, she realized there was a strict dress code( 着装要求), requiring professional dress each day. This was not something she had. And she also needed to see an eye doctor. Her older brother sent her enough money to buy the clothes she needed and test her eyes. And then she took her two youngest - daughters my sister and me to Vancouver, where there was an apartment waiting for her in the family housing section.

    In the first day of class, she was so nervous. I can remember her taking deep breaths and trying to calm herself before leaving. She was forty-five years old, and that made it a little intimidating to walk into a classroom full of twenty-year-olds and try to hold her own. But she stood by her commitment and graduated at the top of her class.

    Her first job as a travel agent was with a large agency in Aurora, Colorado. She felt great about her achievement and proud of the beautiful high-rise building she worked in. I was so proud of what she had done. She'd found a way to rise above the curveball( 弧线球) life had thrown at her. Instead of quitting as many of her friends had, she charged ahead and created a brand new career.

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