Exactly when the first people arrived in what we now know as California，no one really knows. However，{#blank#}1{#/blank#}is likely that Native Americans were living in California at least fifteen thousand years ago.

    Scientists believe that these first settlers {#blank#}2{#/blank#} (cross) the Bering Strait in the Arctic to America {#blank#}3{#/blank#}means of a land bridge which existed in prehistoric times. In the 16th century，after the {#blank#}4{#/blank#} (arrive) of Europeans，the native people suffered greatly.

    Thousands were killed or forced into slavery. {#blank#}5{#/blank#} addition，many died from the diseases brought by Europeans. However，some survived these terrible times，and today there are more Native Americans {#blank#}6{#/blank#}(live) in California than in any other state.

    In the 18th century，California was ruled by Spain. Spanish soldiers first arrived in South America in the early 16th century，{#blank#}7{#/blank#} they fought against the native people and {#blank#}8{#/blank#}(take) their land.

    Two centuries later，the Spanish had settled in most parts of South America and along the northwest coast of what we now call the United States of {#blank#}9{#/blank#} first Spanish to go to California，the majority were religious men，{#blank#}10{#/blank#} ministry was to teach the Catholic religion to the natives.

    The ancient wisdom of Confucius is timeless. His thinking{#blank#}1{#/blank#} (lead) the Chinese for thousands of years. However, English teaching seems to be one place {#blank#}2{#/blank#} his wisdom is forgotten.

    I came to China 6 years ago, and quickly saw the plight (困境) of so many students {#blank#}3{#/blank#} (struggle) to learn English. They know a lot “about” English,{#blank#}4{#/blank#} they never master the language. They learned far more grammar than students in Western cultures and almost no oral training. They were made {#blank#}5{#/blank#}(recite) sentences and passages from their books. Their teachers were spending 90% of the class talking to them “about” English in Chinese.

    All effective language teaching in the world is built{#blank#}6{#/blank#} the basis of oral language. Students who excel in English are those that follow the wisdom of Confucius: they use language!

    They use it primarily by speaking and listening,{#blank#}7{#/blank#} (eventual) supplemented (补充) by reading and writing. Every language is taught by gaining speaking competence long before grammar, reading and writing {#blank#}8{#/blank#} (introduce).

    Chinese students work so hard{#blank#}9{#/blank#} they learned English with correct spoken instructions and classroom practice, they would have the {#blank#}10{#/blank#} (high) English scores in the world and they would conquer English.

    Which would you rather be, a mathematician or{#blank#}1{#/blank#}author? Perhaps you will never be{#blank#}2{#/blank#}(face) with this kind of choice. Lewis Carroll was a mathematician and author. He was a lecturer in mathematics at Oxford University. But he is{#blank#}3{#/blank#}(good) known as the writer of two of the most famous children's books    {#blank#}4{#/blank#} have ever been written (Alice in Wonderland and Through the Looking Glass). The author's real name was Charles Lutwidge Dodgson, but he{#blank#}5{#/blank#}(prefer) to use the penname “Lewis Carroll” when he wrote, and this is the name we remember him by. Alice in Wonderland,{#blank#}6{#/blank#}(publish) in 1865 when the author was 33 years old, was followed by Through the Looking Glass in 1871.{#blank#}7{#/blank#} books were written for a real girl called Alice and they{#blank#}8{#/blank#} (read) by millions of children since they were first published. These stories are about a dream world in which Alice meets strange creatures and has interesting{#blank#}9{#/blank#} (adventure). I'm sure you know this already,{#blank#}10{#/blank#}if you don't you'd better read the stories yourselves.

Dear brother,

    I'm now writing to you for your advice. How I wish you{#blank#}1{#/blank#} (be) here with me!

    Yesterday afternoon, I went to a bookstore with one of my friends. After we went out, he showed me {#blank#}2{#/blank#}book he had stolen ,{#blank#}3{#/blank#}(consider)he was wrong, I suggested he{#blank#}4{#/blank#}(go)back to return it or pay for it.{#blank#}5{#/blank#} he didn't listen to me, otherwise I wouldn't have reported it to his mother.

    Now I'm really{#blank#}6{#/blank#} (regret). I would rather I {#blank#}7{#/blank#} (let)his mother know it. After all, he is my friend, without {#blank#}8{#/blank#}help, I wouldn't have made so rapid progress in study.

    But {#blank#}9{#/blank#}is now obvious that he has begun to hate me. It seems as if we hadn't been friends before. Can you advise what I should do now?

    {#blank#}10{#/blank#} (be) you in my position, what would you do? I hope you can give me some advice as soon as possible.